Incidence Trend of Breast Cancer and its Risk Factors in Women of Eastern Mediterranean Region Countries between 1998 and 2018: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract Abstract Background This study was conducted to provide evidence on the current status of breast cancer (BC) and its incidence trend in EMR during 1998-2018. Also, this study aimed to investigate the association between the incidence of BC and HDI and some factors related to this index, including total fertility rate (TFR), and obesity, using a meta-analysis. Method Data on incidence of BC were collected from various sources, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and WHO, from 1998 to 2018 using systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled ASR (age standardized rate) was calculated based on study duration and quality of data using a subgroup analysis and random effect meta-analysis. Results A total of 76 studies (499 data points) were analyzed. Pooled ASR of BC for EMR was 39.8 per 100 000 person-year (95% confidence interval [CI], 36.01, 43.9) during 2011-2018. ASR of BC had an upward trend in EMR from 2005 to 2018. However, the increasing trend was found to be slightly different in various regions based on quality of data. Moreover, pooled ASR had a significant association with Human Development Index (HDI) [-6.6 (95% CI, -8.9, -4.3)] and obesity [0.1 (95% CI, 0.07, 0.1)]. Conclusion Pooled ASR of BC in EMR was lower than the global average. Also, the ASR value and its incremental trend have been higher in countries with low-quality data than in other countries of this region in recent years. Data quality or physiological factors, such as increase in obesity rates, could be the reasons for this incremental trend.