scholarly journals HIV/AIDS treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia: Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Endalamaw ◽  
Mengistu Mekonnen ◽  
Demeke Geremw ◽  
Fekadu Ambaw ◽  
Hiwot Tesera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Treatment Interruption ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Hiv Intervention ◽  
Haart Adherence

Abstract Background: The national burden of HIV treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopian context is required to provide evidence towards a renewed ambitious future goal.Methods: We accessed Ethiopian Universities’ online repository library, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to get the research articles. We run I-squared statistics to see heterogeneity. Publication bias was checked by using Egger’s regression test. The pooled prevalence was estimated using DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. We employed the sensitivity analysis to see the presence of outlier result in the included studies. Results: The overall HIV treatment failure was 15.9% (95% CI: 11.6%-20.1%). Using immunological, virological, and clinical definition, HIV treatment failure was 10.2% (6.9%-13.6%), (5.6% (95% CI: 2.9%-8.3%), and (6.3% (4.6%-8.0%)), respectively. The pooled effects of WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6), presence of opportunistic infections (AOR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4), and poor HAART adherence (AOR= 8.1; 95% CI: 4.3-11.8) on HIV treatment failure were estimated. Conclusions : HIV treatment failure in Ethiopia found to be high. HIV intervention programs need to address the specified contributing factors of HIV treatment failure. Behavioral intervention to prevent treatment interruption is required to sustain HIV treatment adherence. Protocol Registration : It has been registered in the PROSPERO database with a registration number of CRD42018100254.

scholarly journals Still poor HAART adherence has great impact on HIV/AIDS treatment failure in Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Endalamaw ◽  
Mengistu Mekonen ◽  
Demeke Debebe ◽  
Fekadu Ambaw ◽  
Hiwot Tesera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Hiv Intervention ◽  
Haart Adherence ◽  
Definition Of

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe pooled burden of HIV treatment failure and its associated factors in Ethiopian context is required to provide evidence towards renewed ambitious future goal.MethodsEthiopian Universities’ (University of Gondar and Addis Ababa University) online repository library, Google scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to get the research articles. I-squared statistics was used to see heterogeneity. Publication bias was checked by Egger’s regression test. The DerSimonian-Laird random effects model was employed to estimate the overall prevalence. Subgroup analysis based on geographical location of the study, study population by age, treatment failure type, and study design was conducted to see variation in outcomes. The sensitivity analysis was also employed to see whether the outlier result found in the included studies.ResultsOverall HIV treatment failure found to be 15.9% (95% CI: 11.6%-20.1%). Using immunological definition, HIV treatment failure was 10.2% (6.9%-13.6%); using virological definition of treatment failure (5.6% (95% CI: 2.9%-8.3%) and clinical definition of treatment failure (6.3% (4.6%-8.0%)) were also determined. The pooled effects of WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6), presence of opportunistic infections (AOR=1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4), and poor HAART adherence (AOR= 8.1; 95% CI: 4.3-11.8) on HIV treatment failure are estimated.ConclusionsHIV treatment failure in Ethiopia found to be high. HIV intervention programs need to address the specified contributing factors of HIV treatment failure. Behavioral intervention to prevent treatment interruption is required to sustain HIV treatment adherence.Protocol RegistrationIt has been registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42018100254).

scholarly journals Assessment of Prevalence of Malnutrition and Its Associated Factors among AIDS Patients from Asella, Oromia, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Teferi Teklu ◽  
Nitin Mahendra Chauhan ◽  
Firaol Lemessa ◽  
Getu Teshome
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Sub-Saharan Africa remains to be the most heavily affected region by malnutrition, accounting for 23.8% share of the global burden. Undernutrition weakens the immune system, increases the susceptibility to infections, and may worsen the impact on various kinds of diseases. Our aim was to assess undernutrition and its associated factors among AIDS-infected adult patients from Asella, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was employed from June to July 2018. A total number of 519 patients were selected for the proposed work. Data was entered into EpiData, checked, coded, and analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence of undernutrition among patients. Bivariate and multivariate regressions were used to determine the relationship between undernutrition and its associated factors among the study participants. The results of our study showed that the overall prevalence of undernutrition was 18.3%; out of which 12.7% were mildly and 5.6% were moderately to severely undernourished, respectively. Monthly income (AOR: 3.589, 95% CI (1.469-8.768)), whole grain feeding (AOR: 2.979, 95% CI (1.252-7.088)), opportunistic infections in the last six months (AOR: 3.683, 95% CI (3.075-4.411)), clinical stage (AOR: 2.998, 95% CI (1.269-7.083)), and insufficient quality of food (AOR: 3.149, 95% CI (1.339-7.406)) were found to be significantly associated with undernutrition in this study. Therefore, HIV treatment facility should be supported with nutritional assessment, supplementation, counseling, care, and support to patients that may possibly alleviate this predicament.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia: Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Endalamaw ◽  
Mengistu Mekonnen ◽  
Demeke Geremw ◽  
Fekadu Ambaw ◽  
Hiwot Tesera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background: The national burden of human immunodeficiency virus treatment failure and associated factors in the Ethiopian context is required to provide evidence towards a renewed ambitious future goal. Methods: We accessed Ethiopian Universities’ online repository library, Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to get the research articles. We run I-squared statistics to see heterogeneity. Publication bias was checked by using Egger’s regression test. The pooled prevalence was estimated using the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. We employed the sensitivity analysis to see the presence of outlier result in the included studies. Results: The overall human immunodeficiency treatment failure was 15.9% (95% confidence interval: 11.6%-20.1%). Using immunological, virological, and clinical definition, human immunodeficiency treatment failure was 10.2% (95% confidence interval: 6.9%-13.6%), 5.6% (95% confidence interval: 2.9%-8.3%), and 6.3% (95% confidence interval: 4.6%-8.0%), respectively. The pooled effects of World Health Organization clinical stage III/IV (Adjusted Odd Ratio=1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6), presence of opportunistic infections (Adjusted Odd Ratio= 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4), and poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (Adjusted Odd Ratio= 8.1; 95% CI: 4.3-11.8) on HIV treatment failure were estimated. Conclusions: Human immunodeficiency virus treatment failure in Ethiopia found to be high. Being on advanced clinical stage, presence of opportunistic infections, and poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy were the contributing factors of human immunodeficiency virus treatment failure. Human immunodeficiency virus intervention programs need to address the specified contributing factors of human immunodeficiency virus treatment failure. Behavioral intervention to prevent treatment interruption is required to sustain human immunodeficiency virus treatment adherence. Protocol Registration: It has been registered in the PROSPERO database with a registration number of CRD42018100254.

scholarly journals Treatment failure and associated factors among first line patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moges Agazhe Assemie ◽  
Muluneh Alene ◽  
Daniel Bekele Ketema ◽  
Selishi Mulatu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Line Treatment ◽  
First Line ◽  
Determinant Factors ◽  
First Line Treatment

Abstract Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restores immune function and reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related adverse outcomes. The results of previous studies in Ethiopia were replete with inconsistent findings; nonexistence of national representative figures and determinant factors are found as significant gap. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the existing evidence on ART treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods Relevant studies on ART treatment failure were retrieved from international databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct systematically prior to March 14, 2019. All identified studies reporting the proportion of first line treatment failure among HIV patients in Ethiopia were included. Two authors independently extracted all necessary data using a standardized data extraction format. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates and associated factors in Stata/se Version-14. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Results From 18 articles reviewed; the pooled proportion of first line treatment failure among ART users in Ethiopia was 15.3% (95% CI: 12, 18.6) with (I2 = 97.9%, p < 0.001). The subgroup analysis by World Health Organization (WHO) treatment failure assessment criteria were carried out, accordingly the highest prevalence (11.5%) was noted on immunological and the lowest (5.8%) was observed virological treatment failure. We had found poor adherence (OR = 8.6, 95% CI: 5.6, 13.4), not disclosed (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5, 3.0), advanced WHO clinical stage III/IV (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5, 3.8), change in regimen (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.9) and being co-infected (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 2.2, 3.0) were statistically significant factors for treatment failure. Conclusion In this study, treatment failure among ART users in Ethiopia was significant. Adherence, co-infection, advanced WHO clinical stage, regimen change, and disclosure are determinant factors for treatment failure. Therefore, improve drug adherence, prevent co-infection, close follow up, and prevent HIV-drug resistance are required in future remedial efforts.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Treatment Failure Among Children on ART in Ethiopia: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belete Gelaw ◽  
Lemma Dessalegn ◽  
Eyasu Alem ◽  
Tadele Lankirew ◽  
Kirubel Eshetu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background: As the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases, the issue of treatment failure is still a global challenge, particularly in a resource limited settings including Ethiopia. The results of former studies in Ethiopia were highly variable and inconsistent across studies. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis intended to provide the pooled estimation of treatment failure and associated factors among children on antiretroviral therapy.Methods: We searched international databases (i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Ethiopian Universities’ online repository library, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) during the period of February 30 to April 7, 2021. All identified observational studies reporting the proportion of treatment failure among HIV positive children in Ethiopia were included. Heterogeneity of the studies was checked using I2 test and Cochrane Q test statistics. We run Begg’s regression test to assess publication bias. A random-effects meta-analysis model was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of treatment failure. Results: The estimated pooled prevalence of treatment failure among children in Ethiopia was 12.34 (95%CI: 8.59, 16.10). Subgroup analysis of this review showed that the highest prevalence was observed in Addis Ababa (15.92%), followed by Oromia region (14.47%). Poor ART adherence (AOR=2.53, CI: 2.03, 4.97), advanced WHO clinical staging (AOR=1.66, CI: 1.24, 3.21), and opportunistic infections (AOR= 2.64 CI: 2.19, 4.31 were found to be significantly associated factors with childhood treatment failure.Conclusion: This study revealed that treatment failure among children on ART was high in Ethiopia. Poor ART adherence, advanced WHO clinical staging, opportunistic infections, and low level of CD4 cell counts increased the risk of treatment failure.

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis Is Not Associated with a Higher occurrence of Atazanavir Treatment Failure: analysis of Worldwide Pharmacovigilance Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Miantezila Basilua ◽  
Philippe Pochart
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Reporting Odds Ratio ◽  
Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Database

Background: Cotrimoxazole is the main antibiotic used in HIV-infected patients for the prophylaxis of opportunistic infections. This antibiotic is prescribed in patients receiving antiretroviral agents (ART) such as Atazanavir (ATV), a protease inhibitor used with other ART classes. The objective of this study was to compare HIV treatment failure (HIVTF) in HIV-infected patients treated concomitantly with ATV and cotrimoxazole to those of patients treated only with ATV. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative analysis of the safety data of HIVTF available with ATV in the WHO International Pharmacovigilance database "VigiBase®". We used the SMQ (Standardized MedDRA Querie) to identify all the terms corresponding to HIVTF. We presented results as a percentage or an adjusted Reporting Odds Ratio (aROR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: A total of 116 cases of HIVTF (2.2%) were reported with ATV among the 5196 individual case safety reports (ICSR) included in the analysis. The proportion of HIV-infected patients who presented ATV treatment failure (ATVTF) was lower (2.6%, 3/116) when cotrimoxazole was concomitant (aROR was 0.5 with a 95%CI from 0.2 to 1.7). Only 10 of 273 ICSRs (3.7%) were reported from Africa concerning the use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis concomitantly with ATV. Conclusion: This study did not show a higher occurrence of ATVTF when cotrimoxazole was concomitant. These results reinforce the place of concomitant use of ATV with cotrimoxazole in the management of HIV treatment.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS treatment failure and associated factors in Ethiopia: meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklilu Endalamaw ◽  
Mengistu Mekonnen ◽  
Demeke Geremew ◽  
Fikadu Ambaw Yehualashet ◽  
Hiwot Tesera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Open defecation-free slippage and its associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ayalew Abebe ◽  
Gudina Terefe Tucho
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Recent studies have shown an increase in open defecation and slippage of open defecation-free certified villages in Ethiopia, despite significant progress the country made on sanitation programs. Hence, realizing of existing facts, this study was conducted aiming at a critical review of available literature and to provide consolidated data showing the level of slippage and its associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods Systematic literature searches were performed from four international databases. The search involved articles published from December 1, 2013, up to June 4, 2019. The Cochran’s Q and I2 test statistics were used to check heterogeneity among the studies. To negotiate heterogeneity from qualitative data, we used a mixed-method approach. The researchers also conducted a publication bias assessment and sensitivity analysis. A random effect meta-analysis was employed to determine the pooled estimates of open defecation free slippage rate with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The data analysis was performed using the CMA V.3 software program. Result After screening 1382 studies, 12 studies were finally included in this systematic review. The estimated pooled rate of open defecation-free slippage in Ethiopia was 15.9% (95% CI 12.9–19.4%). The main contributing factors for open defecation-free slippage were lack of technical support, financial constraints, low-quality building materials, improper program implementation, and lack of sanitation marketing. Conclusion It was estimated that 1 out of 6 Ethiopian households engaged in open defecation after they have certified open defecation-free status, implying the low possibility of achieving sustainable development goals of 2030, which aims to ensure sanitation for all. Therefore, the government of Ethiopia and donors should better give special attention to the following options: (1) awareness for open defecation-free slippage, (2) launch a post-open defecation-free program, and (3) encourage research on pro-poor sustainable sanitation technologies.

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