scholarly journals The Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis: An Analysis Based On a Tuberculosis Dynamic Model Derived from the Cases of Americans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Meng Huang ◽  
Ximei Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB), a preventable and curable disease, is claimed as the second largest number of fatalities, and there are 9,025 cases reported in the United States in 2018. Many researchers have done a lot of research and achieved remarkable results, but TB is still a severe problem to the human beings. The study is a further exploration of the prevention and control of tuberculosis.Methods: In the paper, we propose a new dynamic model to study the transmission dynamics of TB, and then use global differential evolution and local sequential quadratic programming (DESQP) optimization algorithm to estimate parameters of the model. Finally, we use Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCC) to analyze the influence of parameters on the basic reproduction number (R0) and the total infectious (including the diagnosed, undiagnosed and incomplete treatment infectious), respectively.Results: According to the research, the basic reproduction is computed as 2.3597, which means TB will be an epidemic in the US. The diagnosed rate is 0.6082, which means the undiagnosed will be diagnosed after 1.6442 years. The diagnosed will recover after an average of 1.9912 years. Moreover, some diagnosed will end the treatment after 1.7550 years for some reason. From the study, it’s shown that 2.4% of the recovered will be reactivated, and 13.88% of the newborn will be vaccinated. However, the immune system will be lost after about 19.6078 years.Conclusion: Through the results of this study, we give some suggestions to help prevent and control the TB epidemic in the United States, such as prolonging the protection period of the vaccine by developing new and more effective vaccines to prevent TB; using the Chemoprophylaxis for incubation patients to prevent their conversion into active TB; raising people’s awareness of the prevention and control of TB and treatment after illness; isolating the infected to reduce the spread of TB. According to the latest report in the announcement that came at the first WHO Global Ministerial Conference on Ending tuberculosis in the Sustainable Development Era, we predict that it is challenging to control TB in 2030.

scholarly journals Prevention and Control of Tuberculosis Relying on a Tuberculosis Dynamic Model Based on the Cases of American

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Meng Huang ◽  
Ximei Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Lei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Latin Hypercube Sampling ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
United State ◽  
Partial Rank Correlation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Protection Period

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) which is a preventable and curable disease, is claimed as the second largest number of fatalities and there are 9,025 cases reported in the United State in 2018. Many researches have done a lot of research and achieved remarkable results, but TB is also a serious problem for human being.The study is a further exploration. Methods: In the paper, we propose a new dynamic model to study the transmission dynamics of TB, then use global differential evolution and local sequential quadratic programming (DESQP) optimization algorithm to estimate parameters of the model. Finally, we use Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) and partial rank correlation coefficients (PRCC) to analyze the influence of parameters on the basic reproduction number (R0) and the total infectious (including the diagnosed, undiagnosed and incomplete treatment infectious), respectively. Results: By the research, the basic reproduction is computed as 2.3597 which means TB will be epidemic in US. The diagnosed rate is 0.6082 which means the undiagnosed will be diagnosed after 1.6442 years. The diagnosed will be recovered with an average of 1.9912 years, especially, some diagnosed will end the treatment after 1.7550 years, for some reasons. By the study, it’s shown that there are 2.4% of the recovered will be reactivated and 13.88% of the newborn will be vaccination. However, the immunity will be lose after about 19.6078 years. Conclusion: Through the results of this study, we give some suggestions to help prevent and control the TB epidemic in the United State, such as prolonging the protection period of the vaccine by developing new and more effective vaccines to prevent TB, using the chemoprophylaxis for incubation patients to prevent their conversion into active TB; raising people’s awareness of prevention and control of TB and treatment after illness; isolation treatment for the infected to reduce the spread of TB. According to the latest report, in the announcement came at the first WHO Global Ministerial Conference on Ending Tuberculosis in the Sustainable Development Era, we predict that it’s difficult to control TB in 2030.

Will Routine Annual Influenza Prevention and Control Systems Serve the United States Well in a Pandemic?

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. S160-S165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne S. Ringel ◽  
Melinda Moore ◽  
John Zambrano ◽  
Nicole Lurie
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Influenza Prevention ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the extent to which the systems in place for prevention and control of routine annual influenza could provide the information and experience needed to manage a pandemic.Methods: The authors conducted a qualitative assessment based on key informant interviews and the review of relevant documents.Results: Although there are a number of systems in place that would likely serve the United States well in a pandemic, much of the information and experience needed to manage a pandemic optimally is not available.Conclusions: Systems in place for routine annual influenza prevention and control are necessary but not sufficient for managing a pandemic, nor are they used to their full potential for pandemic preparedness. Pandemic preparedness can be strengthened by building more explicitly upon routine influenza activities and the public health system’s response to the unique challenges that arise each influenza season (eg, vaccine supply issues, higher than normal rates of influenza-related deaths). (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S160–S165)

West Nile Virus in the United States: Guidelines for Detection, Prevention, and Control

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
DUANE J. GUBLER ◽  
GRANT L. CAMPBELL ◽  
ROGER NASCI ◽  
NICK KOMAR ◽  
LYLE PETERSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
West Nile ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals ECDC and WHO: a common mission for better health in Europe

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Danzon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Centre ◽  
And Control

With the opening of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in Stockholm in May, 2005 will be an important year for public health in Europe. The idea of a European CDC has been in the air for many years, following the successful and interesting results obtained by the United States CDC in Atlanta.

scholarly journals Keynote Session: Strategies for Prevention and Control of HPV-Associated Cancers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (5.5) ◽  
pp. 601-604
Author(s):  
Lillian R. Kreppel ◽  
Shivan J. Mehta ◽  
Mark H. Sawyer ◽  
Edward L. Trimble ◽  
Susan T. Vadaparampil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
And Control ◽  
Selection Of

Infection with HPV is responsible for 5% of cancers, most of which are preventable with vaccination. Unfortunately, although vaccination rates are increasing in the United States, many adolescents remain unvaccinated due to a multifactorial set of barriers that are cultural, psychosocial, structural, and financial. At this Keynote session at the NCCN 2021 Virtual Annual Conference, a selection of expert panelists discussed efforts to improve vaccination rates.

scholarly journals A historical overview of the United States-Mexico border diabetes prevention and Control Project

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita V. Diaz-Kenney ◽  
Rosalba Ruiz-Holguín ◽  
Federico G. de Cosío ◽  
Rebeca Ramos ◽  
Betsy Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
United States Mexico Border ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
United States Mexico ◽  
And Control
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