scholarly journals Circulating sex hormone levels in relation to male sperm quality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jun Jing ◽  
Yong Shao ◽  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Cencen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sperm Maturation ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Inverse Association

Abstract Background Although sex hormones play critical roles in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, it remains inconclusive whether circulating sex hormones can serve as non-invasive biomarkers to improve the assessment of sperm quality. Methods We systematically evaluated the association of various sex hormones in serum with sperm quality among 338 men in subfertile couples. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), total estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Free testosterone and estradiol were calculated using a validated algorithm. A generalized liner regression model controlling for lifestyle factors was used to evaluate the associations with sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology.Results After adjusting for age, body mass index, current smoking and alcohol drinking, LH, FSH, and TT levels were all inversely associated with sperm motility (all P for trend < 0.05); however, in mutual adjustment analysis, only LH remained an inverse association with sperm motility after adjusting for FSH and TT levels (P for trend = 0.04). Higher concentrations of LH were also associated with lower sperm progressive motility (P for trend = 0.04). Moreover, LH and FSH levels were both inversely associated with normal sperm morphology (P for trend = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Conclusions Increased levels of LH are associated with poor sperm motility and morphology, suggesting that LH may play a central role in sperm maturation. Future studies are warranted to assess potential clinical utility of LH for risk stratification and tailed prevention of male infertility.

scholarly journals Circulating sex hormone levels in relation to male sperm quality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jun Jing ◽  
Yong Shao ◽  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Cencen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sperm Maturation ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Potential Biomarker

Abstract Background Although sex hormones play critical roles in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation, it remains inconclusive whether circulating sex hormones can serve as non-invasive biomarkers to determine sperm quality. Methods We systematically evaluated the association of various sex hormones in serum with sperm quality among 338 subfertile males. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), total estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Free testosterone and estradiol were calculated using a validated algorithm. A generalized liner regression model controlling for lifestyle factors was used to assess the associations with sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology. Results After adjusting for age, body mass index, current smoking and alcohol drinking, LH, FSH, and TT levels were all inversely associated with sperm motility (all P for trend < 0.05); however, in mutual adjustment analysis, only LH remained an inverse association with sperm motility after adjusting for FSH and TT levels ( P for trend = 0.04 ). Higher concentrations of LH were also associated with lower sperm progressive motility ( P for trend = 0.04 ). Moreover, LH and FSH levels were both inversely associated with normal sperm morphology ( P for trend = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively ). Conclusions Increased levels of LH are associated with poor sperm motility and morphology. Our findings suggest that LH might play a central role in sperm maturation, which represents a potential biomarker to improve clinical evaluation of male infertility.

scholarly journals The Associations between Sex Hormones and Lipid Profiles in Serum of Women with Different Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 3941
Author(s):  
Anna Bizoń ◽  
Grzegorz Franik ◽  
Justyna Niepsuj ◽  
Marta Czwojdzińska ◽  
Marcin Leśniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between selected serum sex hormones and lipid profiles in a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) dividing according to four phenotypes, value of body mass index (BMI), and presence of hyperlipidemia. The study included 606 Caucasian women. Lipids and selected hormones were estimated using commercially available procedures during hospitalization in 2017. Phenotype of PCOS, BMI value, and hyperlipidemia were significant factors that influenced androgen hormone concentrations, such as total and free testosterone and androstenedione as well as the value of free androgen index (FAI). Moreover, significant changes in concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were found between those groups. Higher quartiles of triglyceride concentrations increased the odds ratio of decreased concentrations of SHBG or increased values of FAI, while an adverse relation was found in case of HDL-C. The concentration of estradiol in the blood of women with PCOS was not associated with lipid profile parameters in any investigated groups. Probably, irregularities in sex hormone concentrations during PCOS is not directly associated with lipid profile parameters but could be reflective of the concentration of SHBG or the ratio of SHBG and total testosterone and their association with lipids.

scholarly journals Association of sex hormone-binding globulin and free testosterone with mortality in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aye N Tint ◽  
Rudolf Hoermann ◽  
Henry Wong ◽  
Elif I Ekinci ◽  
Richard J MacIsaac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
All Cause Mortality

ObjectiveLow circulating testosterone levels have been associated with increased mortality in men. We hypothesized that the prognostic role of testosterone in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is influenced by its carrier protein sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).DesignWe conducted a prospective cohort study at a tertiary referral centre.MethodsIn total, 531 men with T2DM presenting to a diabetes clinic in 2004–2005 were followed prospectively until death, or July 31, 2014, and a survival analysis was performed. The main outcome measure was all cause mortality.ResultsOver a mean (s.d.) follow up of 7.6 years (2.6) 175 men (33%) died. In Cox proportional hazard models both higher SHBG (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.012 (95% CI 1.002–1.022), P=0.02) and lower calculated free testosterone (cFT) (HR 0.995 (95% CI 0.993–0.998), P=0.001) were risk factors for all cause mortality independently of age, BMI, presence of macro- and microvascular disease, duration of T2DM, hemoglobin, renal function, insulin use, C-reactive protein and homeostatic model of insulin resistance. By contrast, the inverse association of total testosterone (TT) with mortality weakened after these adjustments (P=0.11). SHBG remained associated with mortality (P<0.001) both if substituted for or added to TT in the multivariable model. In the fully adjusted model, an increase of SHBG by 17.3 nmol/l (1 s.d.) increased mortality by 22% and a decrease in cFT by 81 pmol/l (1 s.d.) increased mortality by 45%.ConclusionsThe association of SHBG with mortality in men with T2DM is novel. Whether SHBG acts via regulation of testosterone, has intrinsic biological roles, or is a marker of poor health requires further study.

scholarly journals Testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, calculated free testosterone, and oestradiol in male vegans and omnivores

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. A. Key ◽  
Liane Roe ◽  
Margaret Thorogood ◽  
John W. Moore ◽  
Graham M. G. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Diet Records

Total testosterone (T), total oestradiol (E2) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations were measured in plasma samples from fifty-one male vegans and fifty-seven omnivores of similar age. Free T concentration was estimated by calculation, in comparison with the omnivores, the vegans had 7% higher total T (P = 0.250), 23% higher SHBG (P = 0.001), 3% lower free T (P = 0.580), and 11% higher E2 (P = 0.194). In a subset of eighteen vegans and twenty-two omnivores for whom 4 d diet records were available, there were statistically significant correlations between T and polyunsaturated fatty acids (r 0.37), SHBG and fat (r 0.43 for total fat, 0.46 for saturated fatty acids and 0.33 for polyunsaturated fatty acids), and SHBG and alcohol (r–0.39). It is concluded that a vegan diet causes a substantial increase in SHBG but has little effect on total or free T or on E2.

Peripheral hormone levels in healthy subjects during controlled fasting

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Tegelman ◽  
Pia Lindeskog ◽  
Kjell Carlström ◽  
Åke Pousette ◽  
Rolf Blomstrand
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Hormone Binding

Abstract. The effect of one week of controlled fasting (3 1 of fluid containing 50 g of carbohydrate/day) upon the serum levels of hormones, sex hormone binding globulin, and albumin was studied in healthy subjects. Fasting caused decreased levels of prolactin and T3, no changes in the levels of TSH, FSH, LH, dehydroepiandrosterone, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, total oestrone, and total testosterone, and increased levels of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and albumin. A significant positive correlation was found between albumin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate. Fasting rapidly increased the levels of sex hormone binding globulin and decreased the percentage of free testosterone and the calculated free testosterone level in both sexes. A decreased metabolic clearance of certain steroids (cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate) owing to an increased protein binding may be one of the endocrine consequences of fasting. An increased protein binding of testosterone may be outweighed by a decreased gonadal production, thus resulting in an unchanged total testosterone level. The increased sex hormone binding globulin level could not be explained by changes in gonadal and thyroid hormones.

scholarly journals Salivary and Plasma Free Testosterone and Androstenedione Levels in Women Using Oral Contraceptives Containing Desogestrel or Levonorgestrel

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
L M J W Swinkels ◽  
P M M Meulenberg ◽  
H A Ross ◽  
Th J Benraad
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Direct Assay

The effect of oral contraceptives (OC) containing a combination of ethinyloestradiol (EE2) and either desogestrel (Dg/EE2) or levonorgestrel (Lg/EE2) on plasma concentrations of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), total testosterone (T), free T, total androstenedione (A), free A and on salivary T and A concentrations have been studied. SHBG concentrations were higher in the Dg/EE2 group than in the Lg/EE2 group. Total T, measured by RIA with prior extraction and chromatography, is also higher in the Dg/EE2 group. Per cent free T was lower in the Dg/EE2 group. Plasma free T and free A concentrations were the same in both groups. However, free T and free A were significantly lower in the OC-groups than in controls. In contrast, by direct assay, no difference in total T was observed between the OC-groups. Since the per cent free T was lower in the Dg/EE2 group, it would be concluded that free T in the Dg/EE2 group is lower than in the Lg/EE2 group. Salivary free T and free A concentrations did not differ between control and OC-groups. There was good correlation between salivary and free hormone concentrations within each group. We conclude that the concentrations of androgens in saliva do not necessarily directly reflect their free concentrations in plasma.

scholarly journals Total estradiol, rather than testosterone levels, predicts osteoporosis in aging men

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1020-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Clapauch ◽  
Tatiana Martins Mattos ◽  
Patrícia Silva ◽  
Lizanka Paola Marinheiro ◽  
Salo Buksman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Osteoporosis Risk ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Cutoff Levels

OBJECTIVE: To study and establish sex hormone cutoff levels for osteoporosis risk in men over 50 years old. METHODS: Case-control study of 216 men > 50 years, 110 with osteoporosis (O) and 106 with normal bone density (C). We measured estradiol (E2), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), total testosterone (TT) and albumin. Free testosterone (FT) and bioavailable testosterone (BT) were calculated through Vermeulen's formula. RESULTS: There was no difference in TT between groups. Relative risks of osteoporosis were 1.89 for E2 < 37 pg/mL (p = 0.02); 1.91 for SHBG > 55 nmol/L (p = 0.019); 2.5 for FT < 7 ng/dL (p = 0.015); 2.7 for BT < 180 ng/dL (p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: In men over 50 years old, TT was not indicative of osteoporosis risk while E2 < 37 ng/mL was. SHBG > 55 nmol/L, FT < 7 ng/dL and BT < 180 ng/dL can represent additional indications for osteoporosis screening in men over 50 years old.

scholarly journals The effects of Vitamin D3 supplementation on Spermatogram and endocrine factors in asthenozoospermia infertile men: a randomized, triple blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Maghsoumi-Norouzabad ◽  
Ahmad Zare Javid ◽  
Anahita Mansoori ◽  
Mohammadreza Dadfar ◽  
Amirarsalan Serajian
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Infertile Men

Abstract Objective Evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 (VD3) on sperm parameters and endocrine markers in infertile men with asthenozoospermia. Materials and methods This randomized, triple-masking, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted on 86 asthenozoospermia infertile men with serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D3 (25(OH)VD3) < 30 ng/ml in the infertility clinic of Ahvaz Jahad daneshgahi, Iran. Patients were randomly allocated to groups A and B, who received daily 4000 IU VD3 and matching placebo respectively for 3 months. Demographic data, dietary intake, physical activity, sun exposure, anthropometric indices, serum 25(OH)VD3, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (T), estradiol (E2),, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI = T/SHBG. 100), T/LH and T/E2 ratios, prolactin (PRO), parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OCN), phosphorus and sperm parameters were assessed. Results Three months VD3 supplementation with 4000 IU/day had no significant effects body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat (BF), serum, OCN, LH, FSH, T, E2, SHBG, PRO, T/E2 ratio, FAI, semen volume, sperm count and normal sperm morphology. It increases serum 25(OH)VD3, PTH and phosphorus and seminal and serum calcium, T/LH ratio and total and progressive sperm motility and decreased significantly compared to the baseline and placebo group. Conclusion VD3 supplementation may affect sperm motility in men with asthenozoospermia and serum 25(OH)VD3 < 30 ng/ml. Trial registration Iran Clinical Trials Registry, ID: IRCT20151128025274N4, registered on 28 March 2018, URL of trial registry record: https://www.irct.ir/trial/29983

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