scholarly journals Decreased Retinal Microvasculature Densities in Pterygium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang¹* ◽  
Lin-Hong Ye¹²* ◽  
Wen-Qing Shi¹ ◽  
Biao Li¹ ◽  
Qi Lin¹ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Network ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Purpose To investigate the retinal vascular network alterations in eyes of patients with pterygium. Method 18 left eyes from 18 female pterygium patients and 18left eyes from 18female healthy control subjectswere enrolled.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) images were generated of the superficial retinallayer (SRL) and deeper retinal layer (DRL) of the macular retina for each eye. The microvascular(MIR) and macrovascular (MAR) densities were calculated and MIR, MAR, and total MIR (TMI) density was compared in the healthycontrol and pterygium groups. Results In pterygium group,in the SRL,the vascular density in SMIR (superficial MIR), SR(superior right), IR(inferior right), R(right), SC(superficial central annuli)1, SC2 and SC3decreased significantly in the maculararea (P<.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions except R, was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course ( r=-0.6038 to -0.7762, P=0.0008), and the area size of pterygium (r=-0.6043 to -0.9508, P<0.05). For the DRL, the densityof DTMI, DMIR (deeper MIR), SR, IR, R, DC2 and DC3 decreased significantly in macular area of pterygium patients (P<.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course (r=-0.6901 to -0.7795, P=0.0015), and the area size of pterygium(r=-0.6043 to -0.9563, P<0.05). No statistically significant differences and correlation was foundin other region density (|r|＜0.47, P>0.05). Conclusion OCTA findings suggested that pterygium patients present with decreased retinal MIR density, which was negatively correlated with the disease course and the area size of pterygium.

scholarly journals Decreased Retinal Microvasculature Densities in Pterygium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Wang¹* ◽  
Lin-Hong Ye¹²* ◽  
Wen-Qing Shi¹ ◽  
Biao Li¹ ◽  
Qi Lin¹ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Abstract Purpose To investigate the retinal vascular network alterations in eyes of patients with pterygium. Method 18 left eyes from 18 female pterygium patients and 18 left eyes from 18 female healthy control subjects were enrolled. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images were generated of the superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deeper retinal layer (DRL) of the macular retina for each eye. The microvascular (MIR) and macrovascular (MAR) densities were calculated and MIR, MAR, and total MIR (TMI) density was compared in the healthy control and pterygium groups. Results In pterygium group, in the SRL, the vascular density in SMIR (superficial MIR), SR, IR, R, SC1, SC2 and SC3 decreased significantly in the macular area (P<.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions except R, was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course ( r=-0.6038 to -0.7762, P=0.0008), and the area size of pterygium (r=-0.6043 to -0.9508, P<0.05). For the DRL, the density of DTMI, DMIR (deeper MIR), SR, IR, R, DC2 and DC3 decreased significantly in macular area of pterygium patients (P<.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course (r=-0.6901 to -0.7795, P=0.0015), and the area size of pterygium (r=-0.6043 to -0.9563, P<0.05). No statistically significant differences and correlation was found in other region density (|r|＜0.47, P>0.05). Conclusion OCTA findings suggested that pterygium patients present with decreased retinal MIR density, which was negatively correlated with the disease course and the area size of pterygium.

scholarly journals Decreased retinal microvasculature densities in pterygium

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1858-1867
Author(s):  
Feng Wang ◽  
◽  
Hui-Ye Shu ◽  
Xu-Lin Liao ◽  
Rong-Bin Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Deep Layer ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Healthy Control

AIM: To investigate the retinal vascular network alterations in eyes of patients with pterygium. METHODS: Totally 18 left eyes from 18 female pterygium patients and 18 left eyes from 18 female healthy control subjects were enrolled. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images were generated of the superficial retinal layer and deeper retinal layer of the macular retina for each eye. The microvascular (MIR) and macrovascular (MAR) densities were calculated and MIR, MAR, and total microvascular (TMI) density was compared in the healthy control and pterygium groups. RESULTS: In pterygium group, in the superficial retinal layer, the vascular density in superficial MIR, superior right (SR), inferior right (IR), right (R), superficial central annuli (SC)1, SC2, and SC3 decreased significantly in the macular area (P<0.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions except R, was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course (r=-0.6038 to -0.7762, P=0.0008), and the area size of pterygium (r=-0.6043 to -0.9508, P<0.05). For the deeper retinal layer, the density of deep total microvessel (DTMI), deeper MIR, SR, IR, R, DC2, and DC3 decreased significantly in macular area of pterygium patients (P<0.05). Furthermore, the vascular density in all those decreased regions was significantly and negatively correlated with the disease course (r=-0.6901 to -0.7795, P=0.0015), and the area size of pterygium (r=-0.6043 to -0.9563, P<0.05). No statistically significant differences and correlation was found in other region density (|r|<0.47, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: OCTA findings suggest that pterygium patients present with decreased retinal MIR density, and the major vascular alterations occurr mainly on the bitamporal side. The vascular density of the superficial SC1, SC2, SC3 adjacent to the foveal and deep layer of DC2, DC2 regions, significantly decreased.

scholarly journals Changes in retinal microvasculature and retinal layer thickness in association with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Youn Shin ◽  
Eun Young Choi ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Hyung Keun Lee ◽  
Suk Ho Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Capillary Plexus

AbstractBiomarker tests of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are invasive and expensive. Recent developments in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) have enabled noninvasive, cost-effective characterization of retinal layer vasculature and thickness. Using OCTA and OCT, we characterized retinal microvascular changes in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stage of AD and assessed their correlation with structural changes in each retinal neuronal layer. We also evaluated the effect of the APOE-ε4 genotype on retinal microvasculature and layer thickness. Retinal layer thickness did not differ between MCI patients (40 eyes) and controls (37 eyes, all p > 0.05). MCI patients had lower vessel density (VD) (p = 0.003) of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and larger foveal avascular zone area (p = 0.01) of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) than those of controls. VD of the SCP correlated with the ganglion cell layer (r = 0.358, p = 0.03) and inner plexiform layer thickness (r = 0.437, p = 0.007) in MCI patients. APOE-ε4-carrying MCI patients had a lower VD of the DCP than non-carriers (p = 0.03). In conclusion, retinal microvasculature was reduced in patients with AD-associated MCI, but retinal thickness was not changed; these changes might be affected by the APOE genotype. OCTA of the retinal microvasculature may be useful to detect vascular changes in AD.

scholarly journals Retinal vascular impairment in patients newly diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Loureiro ◽  
Sandra Rodrigues-Barros ◽  
Diogo Lopes ◽  
Ana Rita Carreira ◽  
Ricardo Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

Background: To evaluate retinal morphological and vascular parameters in patients recently diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and determine the correlation between retinal vascular density and the severity of OSAS.Methods: We performed a retrospective study on the retinal vasculature of patients with OSAS and age-match healthy controls. OSAS was confirmed by full-night cardiorespiratory polygraphy. Patients were divided into three groups according to disease severity given by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) i.e., mild, moderate or severe. Retinal thicknesses and vascular density were compared between groups, for both the macula and optic disc. Correlation between vascular density and clinical features were also assessed.Results: The study included 30 eyes of patients with OSAS and 12 controls. No differences were found regarding retinal thickness in both the macula and the optic disc between OSAS patients and controls. In contrast significant differences were found in the peripapillary vessel density between groups versus control patients. The greatest difference being between severe OSAS and controls (49.4% ± 2.1 versus 40.4% ± 4.2 respectively, p=0.01). Peripapillary vessel density was found to significantly and negatively correlate with AHI (p=0.02; r= -0.74) and directly correlate with the lowest percutaneous oxygen saturation (p=0.02; r= 0.58).Conclusions: This study indicates that OSAS is associated with retinal microvasculature impairment, that seems to mainly affect the optic disc. This suggests that microvascular damage increases with the increasing severity of OSAS. As such prospective trials are needed to clarify if this vascular peripapillary damage precedes glaucomatous optic neuropathy in OSAS patients.

scholarly journals Quantifying vascular density and morphology using different swept-source optical coherence tomography angiographic scan patterns in diabetic retinopathy

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Hirano ◽  
Jyunya Kitahara ◽  
Yuichi Toriyama ◽  
Hirotsugu Kasamatsu ◽  
Toshinori Murata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Image Size ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature

AimsTo evaluate quantitative metrics of the retinal microvasculature in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR) using various en face swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) image sizes.MethodsNon-segmented and segmented images were acquired using an SS-OCTA device (PLEX Elite 9000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, California, USA). The scanning protocols included the 3×3 mm, 6×6 mm and 12×12 mm fields of view. Quantitative analysis of the perfusion density (PD), vessel length density (VLD) and fractal dimension (FD) was performed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was estimated to assess the ability of each image size to predict DR.ResultsThis prospective, cross-sectional study included 60 eyes, (non-DR, 13 eyes; non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 24 eyes; proliferative DR (PDR), 23 eyes) of 46 patients with diabetes and 21 eyes of 16 healthy individuals. In the 12×12 mm images, the PD of healthy individuals was significantly greater than that of patients with NPDR or PDR for all layers (NPDR, p<0.05; PDR, p<0.001 0.001; FD, p<0.001) or PDR (VLD, p<0.001; FD, p<0.001 for all layers). The results were similar for the 3×3 mm and 6×6 mm images. Overall, PD, VLD and FD progressively decreased with worsening DR severity in segmented and non-segmented layers for all SS-OCTA scan sizes. For detecting DR, 3×3 mm images best predicted DR for all evaluated quantitative parameters.ConclusionsVascular changes in DR can be monitored in detail through quantitative evaluations that combine different SS-OCTA scan sizes and parameters.

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis of choroidal vasculature in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy using ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gahyung Ryu ◽  
Cheolwon Moon ◽  
Jano van Hemert ◽  
Min Sagong
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy ◽  
Indocyanine Green Angiography ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Choroidal Vasculature ◽  
Choroidal Vasculopathy

Abstract Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a common choroidal vascular disease particularly in Asians. However, the underlying pathogenesis of PCV is still yet to be fully elucidated, and the correlation between choroidal vasculature and treatment response of PCV are poorly understood. Accordingly, we sought to find clues to understand the pathogenesis and prognosis of PCV by quantitatively evaluating choroidal vasculature from the entire fundus using ultra-widefield (UWF) indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). In this study, 32 eyes from 29 patients with treatment naïve PCV and 30 eyes from 30 healthy control participants were enrolled. Choroidal vascular density (CVD) of PCV eyes was higher than normal eyes in majority regions including the periphery. CVD was positively correlated with choroidal thickness and choroidal hyperpermeability, supporting that the pathogenesis of PCV may include choroidal congestion and dilatation. Thicker choroid and higher CVD were also correlated with poor treatment response after anti-VEGF injections. The CVD, quantified from UWF ICGA can also be used as an effective image biomarker to predict the treatment response in PCV.

scholarly journals Foveal Remodeling of Retinal Microvasculature in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Murueta-Goyena ◽  
Maitane Barrenechea ◽  
Asier Erramuzpe ◽  
Sara Teijeira-Portas ◽  
Marta Pengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Microvascular Alterations ◽  
Perfusion Density

BackgroundRetinal microvascular alterations have been previously described in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). However, an extensive description of retinal vascular morphological features, their association with PD-related clinical variables and their potential use as diagnostic biomarkers has not been explored.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study including 49 PD patients (87 eyes) and 40 controls (73 eyes). Retinal microvasculature was evaluated with Spectralis OCT-A and cognitive status with Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Unified PD Rating Scale and disease duration were recorded in patients. We extracted microvascular parameters from superficial and deep vascular plexuses of the macula, including the area and circularity of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), skeleton density, perfusion density, vessel perimeter index, vessel mean diameter, fractal dimension (FD) and lacunarity using Python and MATLAB. We compared the microvascular parameters between groups and explored their association with thickness of macular layers and clinical outcomes. Data were analyzed with General Estimating Equations (GEE) and adjusted for age, sex, and hypertension. Logistic regression GEE models were fitted to predict diagnosis of PD versus controls from microvascular, demographic, and clinical data. The discrimination ability of models was tested with receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsFAZ area was significantly smaller in patients compared to controls in superficial and deep plexuses, whereas perfusion density, skeleton density, FD and lacunarity of capillaries were increased in the foveal zone of PD. In the parafovea, microvascular parameters of superficial plexus were associated with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness, but this was mainly driven by PD with mild cognitive impairment. No such associations were observed in controls. FAZ area was negatively associated with cognition in PD (non-adjusted models). Foveal lacunarity, combined with demographic and clinical confounding factors, yielded an outstanding diagnostic accuracy for discriminating PD patients from controls.ConclusionParkinson’s disease patients displayed foveal microvascular alterations causing an enlargement of the vascular bed surrounding FAZ. Parafoveal microvascular alterations were less pronounced but were related to inner retinal layer thinning. Retinal microvascular abnormalities helped discriminating PD from controls. All this supports OCT-A as a potential non-invasive biomarker to reveal vascular pathophysiology and improve diagnostic accuracy in PD.

scholarly journals Association of Cognitive Function and Retinal Neural and Vascular Structure in Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ward Fickweiler ◽  
Emily A Wolfson ◽  
Samantha M Paniagua ◽  
Marc Gregory Yu ◽  
Atif Adam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Psychomotor Speed

Abstract Context Cognitive dysfunction is a growing and understudied public health issue in the aging type 1 diabetic population and is difficult and time-consuming to diagnose. Studies in long duration type 1 diabetes have reported the presence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy was associated with cognitive dysfunction. Objective This study assessed whether structural and vascular abnormalities of the retina, representing an extension of the central nervous system, are associated with cognitive impairment and other complications of type 1 diabetes. Methods An observational cross-sectional study of individuals with 50 or more years of type 1 diabetes (Joslin Medalist Study) was conducted at a university hospital in the United States. The study included 129 participants with complete cognitive testing. Validated cognitive testing measures included psychomotor speed, and immediate, and delayed memory. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed to obtain neural retinal layer thicknesses and vascular density for superficial (SCP) and deep retinal capillary plexus (DCP). Multivariable modeling was adjusted for potential confounders associated with outcomes in unadjusted analyses. Results Decreased vessel density of the SCP and DCP was associated with worse delayed memory (DCP: P = .002) and dominant hand psychomotor speed (SCP: P = .01). Thinning of the retinal outer nuclear layer was associated with worse psychomotor speed both in nondominant and dominant hands (P = .01 and P = .05, respectively). Outer plexiform layer thickness was associated with delayed memory (P = .04). Conclusion These findings suggest that noninvasive retinal imaging using OCT and OCTA may assist in estimating the risks for cognitive dysfunction in people with type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Assessment of Macular Capillary Perfusion by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography on Quiescent Unilateral Anterior Pediatric Uveitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junyan Xiao ◽  
Yi Qu ◽  
Chan Zhao ◽  
Hang Song ◽  
Anyi Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Pediatric Uveitis ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Capillary Plexus ◽  
Fellow Eyes

Abstract Purpose: Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD-OCTA) to evaluate tomographic and microvascular parameters in the macula in quiescent unilateral anterior pediatric uveitis (APU) patients.Methods: Forty-two eyes of 21 patients diagnosed with unilateral APU and 21 eyes of 21 normal controls (NC) were included in this study. 6*6 mm macular scanning mode of SD-OCTA was used for all subjects. The central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), vascular density (VD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP), the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and choriocapillary flow density (CFD) were analyzed and compared among affected, fellow, and NC eyes. Correlation analysis were used to evaluate the potential correlating factors with CFD.Results: DCP VD and CFD were significantly lower in quiescent affected eyes as compared to fellow and NCs eyes (DCP VD both p<0.001; CDF1.0: p=0.012 and p=0.003; CDF1.5: p=0.015 and p=0.006; CDF3.0: p=0.036 and p=0.010, respectively). SCP VD, DCP VD and CMT were significantly lower in the fellow eyes as compared to NC eyes (p=0.021; p<0.001; p=0.037, respectively); CFD was negatively correlated with FAZ and CMT in affected eyes and fellow eyes. No significant differences were detected in FAZ among the 3 groups (p > .05).Conclusions: As compared to NC eyes, both retinal and choroidal microvasculature were impaired in eyes with quiescent APU; retinal microvasculature in unaffected fellow eyes of unilateral APU was also impaired. OCTA is a useful technology for detection of subclinical microvascular changes in APU and may be useful as an additional prognostic tool.

scholarly journals Changes in the Retinal Microvasculature Measured Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography According to Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hun Park ◽  
Heeyoon Cho ◽  
Sun Jin Hwang ◽  
Beomseo Jeon ◽  
Mincheol Seong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Vascular Density ◽  
Inner Plexiform Layer ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swept Source ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Significant Difference

In this cross-sectional study, we examined age-related changes in the retinal vessels of 100 healthy participants, aged from 5 to 80 years, and divided into four groups (G1, under 20 years of age; G2, from 20 to 39 years of age; G3, from 40 to 59 years of age; G4, age 60 years or older). All subjects underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). The vascular density (VD) of the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillaris (CCP) were measured using OCTA. The vascular density of each capillary layer, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, retinal thickness (RT), and choroidal thickness (CT) were compared between age groups. Most OCT variables were correlated with OCTA variables. The FAZ area; VD of the SCP, DCP, and CCP; GC-IPL thickness; RT; and CT showed significant difference (p < 0.001) between G1 + G2 and G3 + G4, except for central GC-IPL thickness (p = 0.14) and central RT (p = 0.25). Density of the retinal capillary vasculature reduced and FAZ area increased after age 40, which represents the onset of middle age.

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