scholarly journals 10-Hz tACS Over The Prefrontal Cortex Improves Phonemic Fluency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Sun ◽  
Qiaoling Hua ◽  
Lihui Huang ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Sham Stimulation ◽  
Control Frequency ◽  
Phonemic Fluency ◽  
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation ◽  
Fluency Task

Abstract Verbal fluency is an important indicator of human verbal ability. Methods to improve fluency is an interesting issue necessitating investigation. To do this, the current study required participants to randomly receive transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 10 Hz, 40 Hz (control frequency), and sham stimulation over the prefrontal cortex before a phonemic fluency task. It was found that 10-Hz tACS significantly improved phonemic fluency relative to sham stimulation. This result demonstrates the modulatory effect of 10-Hz tACS on language ability.

scholarly journals Improvement of phonemic fluency following leftward prism adaptation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Turriziani ◽  
Gabriele Chiaramonte ◽  
Giuseppa Renata Mangano ◽  
Rosario Emanuele Bonaventura ◽  
Daniela Smirni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Prism Adaptation ◽  
Hemispheric Lateralization ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Phonemic Fluency ◽  
Executive Dysfunctions ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Fluency Task

AbstractAnatomo functional studies of prism adaptation (PA) have been shown to modulate a brain frontal-parieto-temporal network, increasing activation of this network in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the side of prism deviation. This effect raises the hypothesis that left prism adaptation, modulating frontal areas of the left hemisphere, could modify subjects’ performance on linguistic tasks that map on those areas. To test this hypothesis, 51 healthy subjects participated in experiments in which leftward or rightward prism adaptation were applied before the execution of a phonemic fluency task, i.e., a task with strict left hemispheric lateralization onto frontal areas. Results showed that leftward PA significantly increased the number of words produced whereas rightward PA did not significantly modulate phonemic fluency. The present findings document modulation of a language ability following prism adaptation. The results could have a huge clinical impact in neurological populations, opening new strategies of intervention for language and executive dysfunctions.

The effect of age and sex on clustering and switching during speeded verbal fluency tasks

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAWNDA LANTING ◽  
NICOLE HAUGRUD ◽  
MARGARET CROSSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractPast research has been inconsistent with regard to the effects of normal aging and sex on strategy use during verbal fluency performance. In the present study, both Troyer et al.’s (1997) and Abwender et al.’s (2001) scoring methods were used to measure switching and clustering strategies in 60 young and 72 older adults, equated on verbal ability. Young adults produced more words overall and switched more often during both phonemic and semantic fluency tasks, but performed similarly to older adults on measures of clustering. Although there were no sex differences in total words produced on either fluency task, males produced larger clusters on both tasks, and females switched more frequently than males on the semantic but not on the phonemic fluency task. Although clustering strategies appear to be relatively age-insensitive, age-related changes in switching strategies resulted in fewer overall words produced by older adults. This study provides evidence of age and sex differences in strategy use during verbal fluency tests, and illustrates the utility of combining Troyer’s and Abwender’s scoring procedures with in-depth categorization of clustering to understand interactions between age and sex during semantic fluency tasks. (JINS, 2009, 15, 196–204.)

Verbal fluency in Parkinson's disease: results of a 2-min fluency test

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Scholtissen ◽  
J. Dijkstra ◽  
J. Reithler ◽  
A. F. G. Leentjens
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Phonemic Fluency ◽  
Retrieval Strategies ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Fluency Test

Background:Patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) are often reported to have an impaired performance on tests measuring executive functioning, such as fluency tasks.Aim:To investigate whether verbal fluency is impaired in PD patients (n = 25) compared with healthy controls (n = 15) using a 2-min semantic and phonemic verbal fluency test. A 2-min version of the fluency task was used to allow for more switches between clusters to study retrieval strategies more adequately.Results:No differences in performance on both semantic and phonemic fluency tasks between the PD patients and the control persons were found. Moreover, both groups appeared to use the same retrieval strategies.Conclusion:Patients suffering from PD appear to use the same strategies for producing words as healthy controls do. Different pathways may be involved in switching clusters during the fluency task than in other types of switching that may be impaired in PD, such as motor switching and concept-shifting.

The activation of prefrontal cortex in Trail Making Test and Verbal Fluency Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (0) ◽  
pp. 2AM057-2AM057
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro YASUNAGA ◽  
Toru YOSHIKAWA ◽  
Hiroyuki ITO ◽  
Hoshiko YAMAUCHI ◽  
Masayoshi OGURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Fluency Task

scholarly journals Performance of Brazilian children on phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tasks

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helenice Charchat-Fichman ◽  
Rosinda Martins Oliveira ◽  
Andreza Morais da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Phonemic Fluency ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Fluency Task ◽  
Brazilian Children

Abstract The most used verbal fluency paradigms are semantic and letter fluency tasks. Studies suggest that these paradigms access semantic memory and executive function and are sensitive to frontal lobe disturbances. There are few studies in Brazilian samples on these paradigms. Objective: The present study investigated performance, and the effects of age, on verbal fluency tasks in Brazilian children. The results were compared with those of other studies, and the consistency of the scoring criteria data is presented. Methods: A sample of 119 children (7 to 10 years old) was submitted to the three phonemic fluency (F, A, M) tasks and three semantic fluency (animals, clothes, fruits) tasks. The results of thirty subjects were scored by two independent examiners. Results: A significant positive correlation was found between the scores calculated by the two independent examiners. Significant positive correlations were found between performance on the semantic fluency task and the phonemic fluency task. The effect of age was significant for both tasks, and a significant difference was found between the 7- and 9-year-old subjects and between the 7- and 10-year-old subjects. The 8-year-old group did not differ to any of the other age groups. Conclusion: The pattern of results was similar to that observed in previous Brazilian and international studies.

The Effects of Second-Language Acquisition on Verbal Fluency Among Elderly Israelis

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir M. Poreh ◽  
Avraham Schweiger
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Second Languages ◽  
Phonemic Fluency ◽  
Language Areas ◽  
Fluency Task

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the effect of age of second-language acquisition (Hebrew) on verbal fluency in a random sample of 196 elderly Israelis from four distinct ethnic groups. Using conventional statistics, it was shown that phonemic fluency, particularly switching, is associated with education and the age of Hebrew acquisition, while semantic fluency, particularly clustering, is associated with age. Ethnic differences were not significant after controlling for the age of Hebrew acquisition and education. Additional analyses show that the tendency of subjects to use borrowed, non-Hebrew words on the phonemic fluency task was associated with lower total scores on this task and later age of Hebrew acquisition. In contrast, the tendency to use non-Hebrew words on the semantic fluency task was associated with age and higher total scores. These findings are discussed with regard to recent functional imaging studies of bilingual subjects. Such findings indicate that native and second languages form distinct areas of activation in the dominant anterior language area, an area often associated with phonemic processing and switching, whereas an overlap of activation of various languages has been demonstrated within the posterior language areas, those that are often associated with semantic processing.

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