scholarly journals Potential of two indigenous strains of entomopathogenic nematodes, (Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) against the tomato leafminer (TLM), Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), under laboratory and greenhouse environmental bioassay

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Kumar Kasi ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Kanchhi Maya Waiba ◽  
P L Lal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Tomato Leafminer

Abstract The tomato leafminer (Tuta Absoluta) is an important pest of tomato crops which have features like; high reproductive potential, Invasive species are major threats to agronomic and natural ecosystems. Based on the pathogenicity of strains, only two isolates effectively show larvicidal activity. The native isolate was obtained from soil samples, collected from Rajgarh, Hamachi Pradesh, India. Petri dish bioassay use nematodes S. feltiae HR1 and H. bacteriophora HR2 species dose (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160/ IJs/cm2). The (%) 1st instar larval mortality was ranged from 24.15 to 85.38 %. 2nd instar from 29.87 to 90.00 %. 3rd instar from 24.15 to 90.00 %. 4th instar from 31.53 to 90.00 % and pupae stage mortality was ranged from 31.53 to 85.38 %. Larvicidal activity after 48- and 72-hours exposure, the S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora (1.0, 1.30, 1.60, 1.90, 2.20/IJs/cm2) showed potent larvicidal activity with LC50, LC75 and LC90 of all instars and pupa show high mortality. The strain inhibits the larval and pupal development 48 to 72 hr exposer time with LC50 range from 05.42 to 23.67, LC75 20.29 to 83.12, LC90 16.52 to 98.89. Green house test is using the seam isolate of EPNs (HR1, HR2) on foliar application it caused by significant mortality results. These studies demonstrate the challenge for invasive species. The local indigenous strains of EPNs (S. feltiae HR1, H. bacteriophora HR2) as a good biocontrol agent against invasive pest of T. absoluta.

scholarly journals Researches Concerning the Spreading of Tuta Absoluta Species into Greenhouses from West of Romania

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112
Author(s):  
Raul BAEÅ¢AN ◽  
Ion OLTEAN ◽  
Petru VÄ‚RÄ‚DIE ◽  
Teodora FLORIAN
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
The South ◽  
Spreading Area ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In

Tuta absoluta - the tomato leafminer originated from South America was signaled for the first time in the South of Spain in 2006. In Romania Tuta absoluta was detected for the first time in the Western part of the country, into a grange from Satu Mare county in 2009. A year later, in the spring of 2010 its attack was signaled into greenhouses from Curtici, situated in Arad county. We studied the phytosanitary spreading area of Tuta absoluta, into solariums and greenhouses. Observations were made in the greenhouse from west of Romania. The tomatoes crops from greenhouse were verified to establish the frequency of pest attack. There were found insignificant pest attacks of Tuta absoluta in the first months, but in the last weeks we found major attack of this pest in tomato crops. Tuta absoluta is a specie whose area of distributions is expanding. Specialists in the field of plant protection should give special attention to monitoring this invasive pest.

scholarly journals Compatibility of indigenous isolates HR1, HR2 of entomopathogenic nematodes, with low-toxicity insecticides for control of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Kumar Kasi ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Kanchhi Maya Waiba
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Invasive species are a major danger to agronomic and natural ecosystems, and due to environmental concerns about pesticide use, EPNs have the potential to replace larvicidal action in pest management. The goal was to see how well local isolates of Steinernema feltiae (HR1) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (HR2) controlled invasive species when combined with low-toxicity pesticides. HR1 + Spinosad, chlorantraniliprole produced over 90% mortality in larvae at 96 hours, while HR2 + Spinosad, chlorantraniliprole caused over 95% mortality at 96 hours. After treatment, the high dose was regarded the least hazardous technique for controlling fall armyworm. At the high dose, HR1 + Spinosad, chlorantraniliprole produced larvae death of over 100 percent at 96 hours, and HR2 + Spinosad, chlorantraniliprole caused mortality of over 97.50 percent at 96 hours, and should be considered as a least hazardous strategy for T. absoluta management. Controlling larvae mortality of above 100% at 96 hours in combination with low-toxicity insecticide dosages should be included as a least harmful technique to control T. absoluta. The results showed that these HR2 strains have high pathogenicity against T. absoluta and S. frugiperda and have potential for control in integrated approaches, causing 100 percent and 90.00 percent mortality of T. absoluta and S. frugiperda at 96 hours at the high dose as a least toxic strategy to control.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Piper extracts on Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in tomato

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Ferrari de Brito ◽  
Edson Luiz Lopes Baldin ◽  
Roney de Carvalho Macedo Silva ◽  
Leandro do Prado Ribeiro ◽  
José Djair Vendramim
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Leaf Extract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioactivity of ethanolic leaf extracts from four species of the genus Piper against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) under laboratory conditions. The evaluated species were: P. amalago var. medium, P. glabratum, P. mikanianum, and P. mollicomum. In the initial screening assay (extract concentration of 2,000 mg L-1), all tested extracts caused significant larval mortality, particularly the extract of P. amalago var. medium; however, no extracts reduced the weight of the surviving larvae. The extract from P. amalago var. medium at the concentration of 1,011 mg L-1 caused a significant lengthening of the larval and pupal stages. The ethanolic leaf extract of P. amalago var. medium is promising for the control of T. absoluta larvae in tomato, since it exhibits acute toxicity toward these caterpillars at the concentration of 2,000 mg L-1 and affects the insect's development by reducing its survival and lengthening the larval and pupal stages.

scholarly journals Bio-efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against the Cabbage butterfly Pieris brassicae (L.), under laboratory conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasi Indra Kumar ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Kanchhi Maya Waiba ◽  
Sharma Monika ◽  
MA Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Cabbage Butterfly ◽  
Cabbage Pests

Abstract BACKGROUND: Keeping in view the serious health and environmental apprehensions associated with the use of pesticides, entomopathogenic nematodes have the potential to supersede larvicidal activity for the management of various insect pests. RESULT: The lab experiments were conducted to test the pathogenicity of two EPNs species S. feltiaeand H. bacteriophora at different (IJs/cm2) concentrations against cabbage pests. Based on the pathogenicity of strains, only two isolates effectively show larvicidal activity. The native isolate was obtained from soil samples, collected from Rajgarh, Hamachi Pradesh, India. Petri dish bioassay use nematodes S. feltiae HR1 and H. bacteriophora HR2 species dose (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160/ IJs/cm2). The highest (%) 2nd instar larval mortality was recorded in treatments with H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae @ 160 /IJs/cm-2 were (72.08, 67.42 percent). And 4th instar larval mortality was recorded in treatment with H. bacteriophora, and S. feltiae @ 160 /IJs/cm-2 were (85.38,69.50 percent). The next best treatments in order of their efficacy’s pupae mortality were H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae @ 160 /IJs/cm-2 (74.12, percent) both are seam result, H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae @ 80 /IJs/cm-2 (62.12, 58.58 percent). Larvicidal activity after 48- and 72-hours exposure, the S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora (1.0, 1.30, 1.60, 1.90, 2.20 /IJs/cm2) showed potent larvicidal activity with LC50, LC75 and LC90 of all instars and pupae show high mortality. The strain inhibits the larval and pupal development 48 to 72 hr exposer time with LC50 range from 11.30 to 39.94, LC75 18.15 to 73.54, LC90 61.80 to 99.21.CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate the challenge for cabbage butterfly P. brassicae. The local indigenous strains of EPNs (S. feltiae HR1, H. bacteriophora HR2) as a good biocontrol agent against, cruciferous vegetables crop pest P. brassicae.

Rapid spread of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), an invasive pest in Sub-Saharan Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serigne Sylla ◽  
Thierry Brévault ◽  
Amadou Bocar Bal ◽  
Anaïs Chailleux ◽  
Mamadou Diatte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Efficacy of a Beauveria bassiana strain, Bacillus thuringiensis and their combination against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despoina Tsoulnara ◽  
Gordon Port
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Tomato Leafminer ◽  
Single Leaf ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Good Potential

A single leaf bioassay was developed to investigate the entomopathogenic efficacy of a Beauveria bassiana strain, Bacillus thuringiensis (Costar®) and their interactions on larval mortality of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Tomato leaves were removed from the plants and sprayed with manufacturers’ highest field recommended concentrations for tomato crops before or after infesting the leaves with the larvae. Third instar larvae proved the most susceptible, while susceptibility was lower in the second instar larvae. The combined use showed a higher potential indicating a positive synergistic effect. In addition, treated leaves were sprayed directly with concentrations of 0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mL/L of B. bassiana. The efficacy was higher for the tested concentration of 0.20 mL/L that is higher than the recommended dose. The present study suggests that those bioinsecticides have a good potential in the control of T. absoluta.

scholarly journals Bio-efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against the Cabbage butterfly (Pieris brassicae [L.]) under laboratory conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Kumar Kasi ◽  
Mohinder Singh ◽  
Kanchhi Maya Waiba ◽  
S. Monika ◽  
M. A. Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Cabbage Butterfly ◽  
Local Species

Abstract Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have the potential to supersede larvicidal activity for the management of various insect pests. Result Lab experiments were conducted to test the pathogenicity of 2 EPNs local species; Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora at different (IJs/cm2) concentrations against the cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (L.). The native isolate was obtained from soil samples, collected from Rajgarh, Hamachi Pradesh, India. Petri dish bioassay used the EPNs species (S. feltiae HR1 and H. bacteriophora HR2) at the concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 IJs/cm2). Based on the pathogenicity of the strains, only 2 isolates effectively showed larvicidal activity. The highest (%) (72.08 and 67.42%), at the 2nd instar larval mortality was recorded in the treatments with H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae at160 IJs/cm2, respectively. At the 4th instar larvae, respective larval mortality (85.38, 69.50%) was recorded in treatment with H. bacteriophora, and S. feltiae, respectively, at160 IJs/cm2. In case of pupae, the mortality rates were (62.12, 58.58%) for H. bacteriophora and S. feltiae, respectively, at 160 IJs/cm2; (74 and 12%) for both the tested EPNs, respectively, at 80 IJs/cm2. Percent of P. brassicae larval mortality treated with the tested EPN isolates was significantly higher than the untreated control. Results revealed that the percent of larval mortality significantly increased with the increase in time periods, being maximum at 72 h. S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora, strains showed potent larvicidal activity at low concentration even at 48 and 72 h of exposure. Conclusion This study revealed that the local strains of EPNs (S. feltiae HR1 and H. bacteriophora HR2) were found as a biocontrol agent against P. brassicae.

scholarly journals Larvicidal activity of Bacillus Thuringiensis Kurstaki against Tuta Absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-362
Author(s):  
Abdelkader harizia ◽  
◽  
Abdelkader Benguerai ◽  
Yahia Boukhari ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
L1 And L2

A commercial formulation of Bacillus thurengiensis var Kurstaki (BTK) (IAB Bt) has been shown to be effective in controlling Tutaabsoluta Zeller larvae under laboratory conditions. Five concentrations are tested ((200, .350;500;650et800ppm)by ingestion, on the various larval stages (L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5). The larval mortality caused by BTK swelledwith increasing concentrations. The high concentrations of 650 and 800 ppm give 100% mortality rates for the early stages L1, L2, L3 and L4. Theacute toxicity (LC50) of BTK calculated for all larvae is 517 ppm. The lethal efficacy of BTK is noted 02 days, after the ingestion treatment, for the young stages (L1 and L2) and 04 at 6 days for the older larvae (L3 and L4) with a LT50, all larval stages combined equal to 2.6 days.

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