scholarly journals Dynamic cognitive characteristics of emotional conflict in subthreshold depressed patients: An Event-Related Potential Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhou Wang ◽  
Qi Xie ◽  
Lulu Zhang ◽  
Shuang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Subthreshold Depression ◽  
Incongruent Stimulus ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Emotional Conflict ◽  
Conflict Processing ◽  
Lower Accuracy

Abstract Subthreshold depression (SubD) has a considerable impact on an individual’s subjective well-being and psychosocial functioning, and is a risk factor for Major depression disorder (MDD). The inability to effectively control and resolve emotional conflict is a typical symptom of certain mood disorders, and the aim of this study was to confirm impairments in cognitive processing mechanisms for emotional conflict processing in SubD patients with event-related potential (ERP) recording. The study of the mechanisms of emotional conflict in subthreshold depression may provide an ideal model for understanding the neurophysiological mechanisms and developing preventive strategies in patients with MDD. Methods:The Healthy control (HC) and SubD groups were recruited, with 32 subjects in each group completing the word-face Stroop paradigm, during which ERP amplitudes and latencies were recorded. Results:Compared to HC group, the SubD group had lower accuracy and longer response times in both the "consistent stimulus" and "inconsistent stimulus" conditions. Regardless of the stimulus condition, the SubD group had a greater N2 amplitude in the prefrontal mid-lobe region. In the SubD group, the N450 amplitude was also found to be greater in the prefrontal middle region for the "incongruent stimulus minus congruent stimulus" and the conflict SP amplitude was smaller in the parieto-occipital region for the "incongruent stimulus minus congruent stimulus". Conclusions:The findings suggest that, supported by behavioural and brain evidence, people with SubD have dynamic cognitive deficits in emotional conflict processing, specifically greater sensitivity to early processing of emotional stimuli and sharper detection of emotional conflict, but more delayed adaptation and response options following emotional conflict resolution.

Subjective, neuropsychological, and neural markers of memory in older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Julia L. Sheffler ◽  
Melissa A. Meynadasy ◽  
Diamond T. Taylor ◽  
Dimitris N. Kiosses ◽  
Greg Hajcak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Well Being

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the P300 event-related potential, neuropsychological measures of memory, subjective memory complaints (SMCs), and indicators of psychosocial functioning. Design, setting, and participants: In this cross-sectional study of 79 community-based older adults, aged 60–75 years, participants completed online surveys and in-person neuropsychological and electroencephalogram (EEG) assessments. Measurements: Measures included: the Change subscale of the Metamemory in Adulthood Questionnaire, NIH Toolbox Emotions battery (Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being), Geriatric Depression Scale, Geriatric Anxiety Scale, electrocortical measures (EEG), California Verbal Learning Test, 3rd Edition, and diagnostic ratings for mild and major neurocognitive disorders based on full neuropsychological battery, clinical interview, and two-clinician consensus. Results: P300 amplitude was associated with long-delay verbal memory recall and diagnostic rating. SMCs were not associated with objective memory or diagnostic rating. SMCs were associated with higher perceived stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms and lower psychological well-being. Conclusions: Neural indicators such as the P300 may be useful for early detection of cognitive impairment. SMCs were not a reliable indicator of early memory impairment in relation to neuropsychological or neural indicators, but may be a useful indicator of unreported stress and mood symptoms in clinical settings.

Are Emotions Abstract or Concrete?

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Xu ◽  
Chunyan Kang ◽  
Kaia Sword ◽  
Taomei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Lexical Decision Task ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
N400 Amplitude ◽  
Abstract Nouns ◽  
Concrete Nouns ◽  
Emotion Concepts ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract. The ability to identify and communicate emotions is essential to psychological well-being. Yet research focusing exclusively on emotion concepts has been limited. This study examined nouns that represent emotions (e.g., pleasure, guilt) in comparison to nouns that represent abstract (e.g., wisdom, failure) and concrete entities (e.g., flower, coffin). Twenty-five healthy participants completed a lexical decision task. Event-related potential (ERP) data showed that emotion nouns elicited less pronounced N400 than both abstract and concrete nouns. Further, N400 amplitude differences between emotion and concrete nouns were evident in both hemispheres, whereas the differences between emotion and abstract nouns had a left-lateralized distribution. These findings suggest representational distinctions, possibly in both verbal and imagery systems, between emotion concepts versus other concepts, implications of which for theories of affect representations and for research on affect disorders merit further investigation.

The Relations between Cultural Life Scripts, Individual Life Stories, and Psychological Distress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Anne ◽  
Steve M. J. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Individual Life ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Positive Individual ◽  
Life Scripts

Cultural Life Scripts (CLS) are shared knowledge about personal events expected to be experienced by individuals within a society, and used as a framework for life story narration. Differences in CLS for individuals with depression and trauma, and their relations to anxiety, stress, and well-being, have not been investigated. Malaysian participants (N = 120) described and rated seven significant events most likely to be experienced by a prototypical infant from their culture, and seven significant events they had experienced or expected to experience in their own life. Participants then answered questionnaires about depression and trauma symptoms and about anxiety, stress, and well-being. The subclinical depression group listed less typical CLS events, whereas the subclinical PTSD group listed less positive individual life story events. The findings indicate that, although individuals with depression and trauma possess knowledge of the CLS, there may be small differences in the cognitive processing of CLS and individual life story events.

Neural dynamics of trainee teachers' emotional conflict processing: An event-related potential study

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Li Jin ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Jiamei Lu ◽  
Nianqu Chen ◽  
Lin Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Context ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
The Body ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Congruent Condition ◽  
Slow Potential ◽  
Emotional Conflict ◽  
Trainee Teachers ◽  
Related Potentials

We investigated emotional conflict in an educational context with an emotional body–word Stroop paradigm, examining whether the N450 (a late fronto-central phasic negative event-related potential signature) and slow potential (SP) effects could be evoked in trainee teachers. The N450 effect is characterized by topography and negative polarity of an incongruent minus congruent difference potential, and the SP effect has positive polarity (incongruent minus congruent difference potential). Positive and negative body language examples were obtained from pupils in an actual school context, and emotional words were selected. Compound stimuli were presented, each comprising a congruent or incongruent word displayed across a body image. Event-related potentials were recorded while participants judged body expression valence. Reaction times were longer and accuracies were lower for the incongruent compared to the congruent condition. The N450 component amplitude in the incongruent condition was more negative than in the congruent condition. Results showed a behavioral interference effect and an N450 effect for trainee teachers in this context, thus indicating that the body–word task was efficient in assessing emotional conflict in an educational context, and trainee teachers' perception of body expressions of students could be influenced by emotional signals. The findings further the understanding of emotional conflict in an educational context.

scholarly journals A Behavioral and Electrophysiological Investigation of Effects of Visual Congruence on Olfactory Sensitivity During Habituation to Prolonged Odors

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 845-854
Author(s):  
Nicholas Fallon ◽  
Timo Giesbrecht ◽  
Anna Thomas ◽  
Andrej Stancak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Odor Perception ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
Odor Detection ◽  
Central Processing

Abstract Congruent visual cues augment sensitivity to brief olfactory presentations and habituation of odor perception is modulated by central-cognitive processing including context. However, it is not known whether habituation to odors could interact with cross-modal congruent stimuli. The present research investigated the effect of visual congruence on odor detection sensitivity during continuous odor exposures. We utilized a multimethod approach, including subjective behavioral responses and reaction times (RTs; study 1) and electroencephalography (EEG, study 2). Study 1: 25 participants received 2-min presentations of moderate-intensity floral odor delivered via olfactometer with congruent (flower) and incongruent (object) image presentations. Participants indicated odor perception after each image. Detection sensitivity and RTs were analyzed in epochs covering the period of habituation. Study 2: 25 new participants underwent EEG recordings during 145-s blocks of odor presentations with congruent or incongruent images. Participants passively observed images and intermittently rated the perceived intensity of odor. Event-related potential analysis was utilized to evaluate brain processing related to odor–visual pairs across the period of habituation. Odor detection sensitivity and RTs were improved by congruent visual cues. Results highlighted a diminishing influence of visual congruence on odor detection sensitivity as habituation occurred. Event-related potential analysis revealed an effect of congruency on electrophysiological processing in the N400 component. This was only evident in early periods of odor exposure when perception was strong. For the first time, this demonstrates the modulation of central processing of odor–visual pairs by habituation. Frontal negativity (N400) responses encode the aspects of cross-modal congruence for odor–vision cross-modal tasks.

Event-Related Potential Studies of Cognitive Processing Abnormalities in Autism

2013 ◽  
pp. 61-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estate M. Sokhadze ◽  
Joshua Baruth ◽  
Allan Tasman ◽  
Manuel F. Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential

scholarly journals Assessment of quality of life in transfusion dependent thalassemic children - need to address parents/care givers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Veeraraja B. Sathenahalli ◽  
G. R. Rajashekar Murthy ◽  
Netra Gouda ◽  
Sanjay K. Shivanna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
School Functioning ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Globin Chains ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
The Impact

Background: Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive congenital disease caused by the reduced or absent beta globin chain synthesis of hemoglobin tetramer. The degree of imbalance between alpha and non alpha globin chains determines the severity of clinical manifestations. The disabling nature of the disease and chronic therapy affects the normal life causing psychosocial burden. Overall patient’s life, such as education, free-time, physical activities, skills, capabilities, and family adjustment is affected. The effects of which often result in psychological, emotional and social compromise. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) measurement is a multidimensional concept that focuses on the impact of the disease and its treatment on the well being of an individual.Methods: A descriptive observational hospital based study was conducted over a period of 3 months. Transfusion dependency in thalassemic children aged between 5 years and 18 years was the inclusion criteria. Thalassemic children having debilitating illnesses unrelated to thalassemia were excluded. Quality of life was assessed using Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0)4. The tool assesses the quality of life in five domains: physical functioning (PF: 8 items), psychosocial functioning (sum of emotional, social and school functioning), emotional functioning (EF: 5 items), social functioning (SF: 5 items) and school functioning (SC: 5 items).Results: Total of 125 children were enrolled with a mean age of 9.4±4.6 years (age range 5-18 yrs). According to the PedsQL questionnaire, the quality of life was similarly assessed by both parents and children. The total mean QoL score of the parents was 72.36±11.47 and of the children was 77.63±14.17. Emotional, school and psycho-social function were significantly affected according to both child and parents without statistical significance.Conclusions: Thalassaemia patients and their parents require lifelong psychological support for prevention of mental health issues. By increasing the awareness and knowledge levels of the parents, we can help sick children in developing countries to get the best care locally and to thus improve HRQoL.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document