scholarly journals Determination of Phytoextraction and Hyperaccumulating Capacity of Artemisa Dracunculus L and Erigeron Canadensis Plants of The Asteraceae Family.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ayhan kocaman
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Plant Extraction ◽  
Erigeron Canadensis ◽  
End Use ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Hyperaccumulator Plant

Abstract One of its key aspects is the performance of plant extraction, the end-use of by-products and the recognition of its overall economic viability. Overall, phytoextraction seems to be a very promising technology for the removal of metallic pollutants from the environment and is being commercialized. In genetic engineering, support for the current plant phytoremedetion list plays a major role. Because it makes it possible to insert which genes in genetically modified plants the plant to metabolize a specific pollutant. In the sequence to be used for phytoremediation. In Turkey, the steel industry and its subindustries operate intensively in Karabuk province. It is located in the western region of the Black Sea and grew rapidly. For this reason, plants that grow in areas and soil samples around their roots are with anthropogenic pollution were taken in connection with the steel industry and the building industry where the waste is discharged. For guidance, samples of plants and soils of the same species were collected from orchards where industrial pollution and agricultural activity have not occurred, in order to worth comparing them. Thus, the properties of the hyperaccumulator and accumulation were investigated. These are Artemisa Dracunculus L (AD) and Erigeron Canadensis (EC) in the Asteraceae family. As the BAF shoot values of the AD plant are Pb and Se > 1, this is an accumulator plant for Pb and Se. At the EC plant, this is an accumulator for Pb, as only Pb>1. Since Cr, Hg, Sn and Cl <1, these elements are presumed to be exclusionary. Also, the two plants can be classified as potentially Ni-hyperaccumulatory plants because Ni is greater than 10 (Ni>10). BAF root of both plants has high phytostabilization capacity for CD from CD>1. The concentrations of Cd TF >1 in the leaf, stem and root indicate high phytoextraction efficiency and it can be said that it will exhibit high activity in soils contaminated by the CD. In addition, due to the fact that the Cd concentrations of both plants are close to the hyperaccumulator plant BAF, studies can be carried out to evaluate them as Cd-hyperaccumulator plant in future studies.

scholarly journals Reveal appraisement level of anthropogenic pollution on the basis of geochemistry studying the interstitial waters of marine and freshwater sediments

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Gursky
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Interstitial Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Place Studies ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Secondary Contamination ◽  
Interstitial Waters

The chemical composition of interstitial waters from several of inland seas and NPWS, exposed to anthropogenic pollution. The regularities of distribution of pollution in the Dnieper-Bug estuary and Gelendzhik Bay of the Black sea in the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria Mediterranean Sea. Most of the contamination confines to the upper layers of sediments and near mouth zones. A significant role is played by secondary contamination related to the dissolution and accumulation of metals and nutrients in the interstitial water and their migration in the water column. When factor analysis for the aggregate impact of potentially mobile forms of metals in the Diepr-Bug estuary factor of anthropogenic pollution came in first place. Studies pollution in the Pjasino Lake near town Norilsk.

Is Deep Learning more effective in detecting natural oil slicks? A comparison of semi-automated and AI techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Vrinceanu ◽  
Stephen Grebby ◽  
Stuart Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Dark Spot ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Natural Oil ◽  
Sar Imagery ◽  
Study Sites

&lt;p&gt;Marine pollution has been traditionally addressed in Earth Observation studies through the use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. In operational processes, the contrast between the dark oil surfaces, characterized by a low backscatter return, and the rough, bright sea surface with higher backscatter has been exploited for decades.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Many of the processing techniques involve the use of semi-automatic workflows. Dark spot segmentation and feature classification are, undisputedly, common computational tasks. However, effective discrimination between oil slicks and other ocean phenomena (e.g. biogenic slicks, wind streaks, greasy ice) remains a challenge. To complete this task, a trained human operator is often employed in the final validation step. Thus, the process is time and resource consuming over large expanses, while the results are highly subjective. Automating this process and reducing computation and analysis time is the ultimate goal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;New algorithms based on the use of artificial intelligence for oil slick detection have recently emerged. While there are studies proving their effectiveness in successfully segmenting and classifying oil slicks, questions regarding their operational feasibility remain. Do they improve the quality of the detection? Are they more capable of discriminating between the various dark formations? What are the computational and data resources required for training, validation, and deployment of such an algorithm?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This project focusses on the development of a new customized algorithm for natural oil slicks detection. As part of this development, we analyzed the state-of-the-art methods and performed a comparison of the latest deep learning methods and classic semi-automatic techniques. Here, we present an in-depth analysis of selected segmentation and convolutional neural networks algorithms and various frameworks. The primary objective is to evaluate their effectiveness and expose their deficiencies for the detection and classification of natural oil slicks against anthropogenic pollution and other dark formation caused by &amp;#8216;look-alikes&amp;#8217;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This presentation centers on the results that have been obtained by utilizing high-resolution open SAR data acquired by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites. The evaluation is based on study sites located in the Black Sea, where two known oil seepage areas are actively generating consistent productive slicks as well as underdeveloped oil traces.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Tracing biogeochemical processes and pollution sources with stable isotopes in river systems: Kamniška Bistrica, North Slovenia

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 9711-9757 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kanduč ◽  
M. Šturm ◽  
S. Žigon ◽  
J. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
River Water ◽  
River System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
State Equations ◽  
River Water Chemistry ◽  
Carbon Dissolution

Abstract. Biogeochemical processes were investigated in the Kamniška Bistrica River (Slovenia), which represents an ideal natural laboratory for studying pollution sources in catchments with high weathering capacity. The Kamniška Bistrica River water chemistry is dominated by HCO3−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ and Ca2+/Mg2+ molar ratios indicate that calcite weathering is the major source of solutes to the river system. The Kamniška Bistrica River and its tributaries are oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. pCO2 concentrations were on average up to 25 times over atmospheric values. δ18O values in river water ranged from −10.4 to −7.7‰ and plotted near the local meteoric water line, δ13CDIC values ranged from −12.7 to −2.7‰, controlled by biogeochemical processes in the catchment and within the stream; carbon dissolution is the most important biogeochemical process affecting carbon isotopes in the upstream portions of the catchment, while carbon dissolution and organic matter degradation control carbon isotope signatures downstream. Contributions of DIC from various biogeochemical processes were determined using steady state equations for different sampling seasons at the mouth of the Kamniška Bistrica River; results indicate that: (1) 1.9 to 2.2% of DIC came from exchange with atmospheric CO2, (2) 0 to 27.5% of DIC came from degradation of organic matter, (3) 25.4 to 41.5% of DIC came from dissolution of carbonates, and (4) 33 to 85% of DIC came from tributaries. δ15N values of nitrate ranged from −5.2‰ at the headwater spring to 9.8‰ in the lower reaches. Higher δ15N values in the lower reaches of the river suggest anthropogenic pollution from agricultural activity.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton adaptation strategies under the influence of climatic changes and anthropogenic pressure on the Black Sea coastal ecosystems on the example Sevastopol Bay

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Liudmila Stelmakh ◽  
Nela Kovrigina ◽  
Tatiana Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Total Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Total Phytoplankton

Some ways of the Black Sea coastal waters phytoplankton community adaptation to changes in water temperature, nutrients concentration and anthropogenic pollution have been identified on the example of the Sevastopol Bay. The increase in water temperature and decrease in nutrient content in the studied waters during 2000 – 2014 caused a gradual decrease in the chlorophyll a concentrations, total phytoplankton biomass and its re-composition, predominantly in the summer and autumn periods. The phytoplankton restructuring was predominantly reflected by a decrease in relative diatoms contribution in the total phytoplankton biomass and an increase in dinoflagellates contribution. Among the dominant diatoms species, the share of resistant species to high temperatures, pollution, low nitrate content in the water and microzooplankton grazing was increasing. An increase in nitrate concentration in the studied waters in 2020 led to increase in total phytoplankton biomass and a predominance of diatoms species, which under the stated conditions did not lead to bloom emergence as were regularly observed earlier in the Sevastopol region.

scholarly journals Soft-bottom crustacean fauna from the Turkish coast of the Black and Marmara seas with new records

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Aysegul Mulayim
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marmara Sea ◽  
Soft Bottom ◽  
Crustacean Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract It is becoming increasingly important to monitor zoobenthic biodiversity in seas that are under industrial and anthropogenic pollution pressure, such as the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea. This study covers crustacean species in the Turkish waters of the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea, both of which are closed systems. Sampling was carried out in July–August 2019 and yielded 32 crustacean species from the Black Sea and 77 species from the Marmara Sea. In the Marmara Sea, two species [Kupellonura mediterranea and Leucon (Macrauloleucon) siphonatus] represent new records for the Turkish waters, and 12 species [Cirolana cranchii, Cumella (Cumella) pygmaea, Cyathura carinata, Cymodoce truncata, Eurydice pulchra, Gammaropsis sophiae, Harpinia truncata, Iphinoe serrata, Iphinoe trispinosa, Liocarcinus pusillus, Nebalia strausi and Synchelidium maculatum] are new to the Marmara Sea. The following species: Gammaropsis palmata, Pontocrates arenarius, and Synchelidium haplocheles are new records for the Black Sea. The order Amphipoda dominated in both seas in terms of the number of species and the number of individuals.

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