scholarly journals Winter Wonderland Cave, Utah, USA: A Natural Laboratory for the Study of Cryogenic Cave Carbonate and Thawing Permafrost

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Munroe ◽  
Kristin Kimble ◽  
Christoph Spötl ◽  
Gabriela Serrato Marks ◽  
David McGee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Thawing Permafrost ◽  
Cryospheric Change ◽  
Perennial Ice ◽  
Natural Laboratory

Abstract Winter Wonderland Cave contains perennial ice associated with two types of cryogenic cave carbonate (CCC) formed during the freezing of water. CCCfine is characterized by relatively enriched δ13C values, whereas CCCcoarse exhibits notably depleted δ18O values indicating precipitation under (semi)closed-system conditions in a pool of residual water beneath an ice lid. Previous work has concluded that CCCcoarse forms during permafrost thaw, making the presence of this precipitate a valuable indicator of past cryospheric change. Available geochronologic evidence indicates that CCC formation in this cave is a Late Holocene or contemporary process, and field observations suggest that the cave thermal regime recently changed in a manner that permits the ingress of liquid water. This is the first documented occurence of CCCcoarse in the Western Hemisphere and one of only a few locations where these minerals have been found in association with ice. Winter Wonderland Cave is a natural laboratory for studying CCC genesis.

scholarly journals Cryogenic cave carbonate and implications for thawing permafrost at Winter Wonderland Cave, Utah, USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Munroe ◽  
Kristin Kimble ◽  
Christoph Spötl ◽  
Gabriela Serrato Marks ◽  
David McGee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Thawing Permafrost ◽  
Cryospheric Change ◽  
Perennial Ice ◽  
Natural Laboratory

AbstractWinter Wonderland Cave contains perennial ice associated with two types of cryogenic cave carbonate (CCC) formed during the freezing of water. CCCfine is characterized by relatively high δ13C values, whereas CCCcoarse exhibits notably low δ18O values indicating precipitation under (semi)closed-system conditions in a pool of residual water beneath an ice lid. Previous work has concluded that CCCcoarse forms during permafrost thaw, making the presence of this precipitate a valuable indicator of past cryospheric change. Available geochronologic evidence indicates that CCC formation in this cave is a Late Holocene or contemporary process, and field observations suggest that the cave thermal regime recently changed in a manner that permits the ingress of liquid water. This is the first documented occurence of CCCcoarse in the Western Hemisphere and one of only a few locations where these minerals have been found in association with ice. Winter Wonderland Cave is a natural laboratory for studying CCC genesis.

scholarly journals Late-Holocene changes in character and behaviour of land-terminating glaciers on James Ross Island, Antarctica

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (212) ◽  
pp. 1176-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Carrivick ◽  
Bethan J. Davies ◽  
Neil F. Glasser ◽  
Daniel Nývlt ◽  
Michael J. Hambrey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Thermal Regime ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Negative Mass ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
Geometric Changes

AbstractVirtually no information is available on the response of land-terminating Antarctic Peninsula glaciers to climate change on a centennial timescale. This paper analyses the topography, geomorphology and sedimentology of prominent moraines on James Ross Island, Antarctica, to determine geometric changes and to interpret glacier behaviour. The moraines are very likely due to a late-Holocene phase of advance and featured (1) shearing and thrusting within the snout, (2) shearing and deformation of basal sediment, (3) more supraglacial debris than at present and (4) short distances of sediment transport. Retreat of ~100 m and thinning of 15–20 m has produced a loss of 0.1 km3 of ice. The pattern of surface lowering is asymmetric. These geometrical changes are suggested most simply to be due to a net negative mass balance caused by a drier climate. Comparisons of the moraines with the current glaciological surface structure of the glaciers permits speculation of a transition from a polythermal to a cold-based thermal regime. Small land-terminating glaciers in the northern Antarctic Peninsula region could be cooling despite a warming climate.

scholarly journals Temporal isotope changes in wet snow layers in association with mass exchange between snow particles and liquid water in between the particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hashimoto ◽  
S. Zhou ◽  
M. Nakawo ◽  
M. Shimizu ◽  
N. Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Mass Exchange ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Isotope Concentration ◽  
Wet Snow

AbstractWe carried out snow-pit observations at Nagaoka, Niigata prefecture, Japan, where the snow layers were at the melting point. It was observed that the water content in the snowpack was nearly constant at approximately 10%, and the coarsening rate of snow particles was about 0.4×10–3mm3 h–1, which was in the range between the rate for dry snow and that for snow soaked in water. The isotope change of snow particles by melting and freezing in a closed system under isothermal conditions at 0˚C was modeled. The temporal change in isotope concentration was calculated for wet snow layers, based on the fractionation between snow particles and liquid water in between the particles, in association with the coarsening of snow particles. The results compared well with field observations. These results suggest that the isotope concentration of the pore water that flows downward from the surface contributed significantly to the isotope change of snow particles.

scholarly journals Positive Platinum anomalies at three late Holocene high magnitude volcanic events in Western Hemisphere sediments

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Barnett Tankersley ◽  
Nicholas P. Dunning ◽  
Lewis A. Owen ◽  
Warren D. Huff ◽  
Ji Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Volcanic Events

A closed system audio helmet for monkeys.

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie W. Dalton ◽  
Wenden W. Henton ◽  
Henry L. Taylor ◽  
James N. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Closed System

On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Voronov ◽  
Nikolay I. Shchepetkov
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Design ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Scientific Methodology ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Production Site ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
Engineering Parameters ◽  
Architectural Lighting ◽  
Candidate Thesis

The article describes content of original and relevant but virtually forgotten thesis of V.V. Voronov on lighting of production site interiors by means of overhead natural (using three types of skylights) and artificial illumination, in order to elaborate scientific methodology for architectural design of more qualitative luminous environment on the basis of comprehensive approach and enhanced criteria framework of its evaluation using light engineering parameters. The thesis is unique in terms of the scope and quality of field and laboratory observations which are reflected not only in the text but also in the graphical attachments, namely photos, figures, schemes, drawings, charts, nomograms, and diagrams accompanied by specific measured or calculated parameters. The first part of the thesis contains theoretical basics and results of field observations conducted by different methods. This second part is the exposition of chapter 3 of the V.V. Voronov’s candidate thesis (1985). It describes the methodology for and the results of the experiments by means of planar and volumetric light simulation using the architectural lighting simulating assembly (chamber) which were conducted in MARKHI in 1970–1985.

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