scholarly journals Anatomical Patterns of the Nasopalatine Canal and Incisive Foramen in an African Setting – a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishan Sarna ◽  
Merna Akram Estreed ◽  
Khushboo Jayant Sonigra ◽  
Thomas Amuti ◽  
Florence Opondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Anterior Nasal Spine ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose: Surgical procedures revolving around the anterior maxilla are of great interest due to their debilitating facial aesthetics and nerve injury effects if complications arise. Hence, sufficient knowledge concerning the morphology and morphometry of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) and incisive foramen (IF) is necessary to prevent such complications from arising. Materials and Methods: Measurements of the NPC and the IF were carried out on 150 CBCT scans. The maxillary bone thickness anterior to the NPC was measured at 3 levels. Independent t-test and chi-square test were performed to determine the presence of sexual dimorphism. Results: The presence of one Stenson’s foramen was most prevalent. The mean length of NPC was 13.21 ± 3.25 mm with significantly longer canals in males. The most prevalent shape of NPC was cylindrical in sagittal view and a single canal in coronal view. The mean angulation of NPC was 118.42° to the horizontal plane. The average dimensions of the IF were 3.53 mm and 3.07 mm in the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter respectively while the most common shape was round. The anterior maxillary bone was thicker in males and generally reduced in thickness from the anterior nasal spine superiorly towards the alveolar crest inferiorly. Conclusion: This study highlights the anatomical characteristics of the NPC and IF, with significant sexual dimorphism observed regarding the number of Stenson’s foramina, length of NPC, shapes of the NPC and IF as well as alveolar bone thickness anterior to NPC.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Assessment of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Surrounding Bone Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Salemi ◽  
Fazele Atarbashi Moghadam ◽  
Zahra Shakibai ◽  
Maryam Farhadian
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Anterior Nasal Spine ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Labial Surface

Background and aims. Because of increasing concerns about surgeries in the anterior maxilla, including implant placement, it is necessary to examine the morphology of the nasopalatine canal and its surrounding bones. This study aimed to analyze the shape and position of the nasopalatine canal and incisive foramen using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods. CBCT images of 110 patients referred to Hamadan School of Dentistry were examined. The size and shape of the nasopalatine canal and incisive foramen, the distance between the incisive foramen and the anterior nasal spine, and the distance between the anterior border of the nasopalatine canal and the labial surface of the buccal plate were recorded. Results. The nasopalatine canal length decreased and its diameter increased with aging. The canal was found to be longer and wider in men. Patients without incisors had longer and thicker nasopalatine canals. The distance from the nasopalatine canal to the labial surface of the buccal plate was not gender-related but decreased with age. The distance to the labial cortical surface decreased significantly with loss of incisors. Conclusion. Given the diversities in the size and shape of nasopalatine canals, it is highly important to perform CBCT to prevent neurovascular damage.

scholarly journals Assessment of Labial Alveolar Bone Thickness in Maxillary Central Incisor using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Shaili Pradhan ◽  
Rejina Shrestha ◽  
Ranjita Shrestha Gorkhali ◽  
Pramod Kumar Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: The maxillary anterior region is becoming a major concern due to its aesthetic relevance. The buccal bone thickness is important for implant placement, orthodontic treatment and restorative treatment. Objective: To assess the thickness of alveolar bone in the maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Department of Dental Surgery, Bir Hospital where CBCT of 53 samples from July 2019 till December 2019, the archived CBCT images was assessed retrospectively. The thickness of the labial bone in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface of the tooth root was measured at a distance of 2 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The measurement was taken thrice and the mean measurement was considered. Results: The labial alveolar bone thickness in maxillary central incisor was found to be 0.55±0.27 mm at a distance of 2 mm from the CEJ. Only 2 (3.8%) of the samples had an alveolar thickness of >1 mm. No statistically significant difference was found with respect to gender and age. Conclusion: The average thickness of the labial alveolar bone in maxillary central incisor using cone beam computed tomography was found to be thin. 

scholarly journals Interradicular distance and alveolar bone thickness for miniscrew insertion: a CBCT study of Persian adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Golshah ◽  
Mahya Salahshour ◽  
Nafiseh Nikkerdar
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cortical Plate ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Maxilla ◽  
Skeletal Pattern

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the interradicular distance and alveolar bone thickness of Persian adults with different sagittal skeletal patterns for miniscrew insertion using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on maxillary and mandibular CBCT scans of 60 patients (18–35 years) in three groups (n = 20) of class I, II and III sagittal skeletal pattern. Anatomical and skeletal parameters were measured at 2, 4 and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) by one examiner. The intra- and inter-class correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the intra, and interobserver reliability. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (alpha = 0.05). Results The intra- and interobserver reliability were > 0.9 for all parameters. The largest inter-radicular distance in the maxilla was between the central incisors (1–1) in classes I and III, and between premolars (4–5) in class II patients. The largest inter-radicular distance in the mandible was between molar teeth (6–7) in all three classes. The buccal cortical plate thickness was maximum at the site of mandibular first and second molars (6–7). The posterior maxilla and mandible showed the maximum thickness of cancellous bone and alveolar process. Wide variations were noted in this respect between class I, II and III patients. Conclusions The area with maximum inter-radicular distance and optimal alveolar bone thickness for miniscrew insertion varies in different individuals, depending on their sagittal skeletal pattern.

scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of palatal bone thickness to guide miniscrews insertion: a CBCT assessment

HU Revista ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Rodrigo César Santiago ◽  
Carolina De Sá Werneck ◽  
Fernanda Ramos de Faria ◽  
Robert Willer Farinazzo Vitral ◽  
Marcio José Da Silva Campos
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Part ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Palatal Bone ◽  
A Site

Introduction: The use of mini-implants has become common in orthodontic practice as it has increased the possibility of skeletal anchorage. The palate constitutes a site of choice for the insertion of miniscrews purposes because it is a site with relatively safety with appropriate bone thickness and less suitability for inflammation. Aim: To quantitatively evaluate the thickness of the palatal bone for miniscrews insertion. Material and Methods: Forty-seven sets of cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images were selected. The sample consisted of cone beam computed tomography from 47 patients (20 male, 27 female; mean age 22.4 years old/± 3.01 years). Palatal bone thickness (PBT) was measured in millimeters (mm) with 5 regions of interest (ROIs) which were determined used the coronal reconstructions of the patatal area: 4, 6, 8 and 10 mm posterior to the incisive foramen were evaluated. A total of 940 ROIs were evaluated. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed for PBT between various palatal sections (p<.01). The thickest area (6.31-7.03 mm) was found in the anterior part of the palate. The mean bone thicknesses in the 6, 8 and 10 mm sections were significantly less than those observed at 4 mm from the incisive foramen. Conclusions: The thickness of the palatal bone is progressively thinner from the palatine foramen to the posterior region. Transversally, the bone was thicker in the palatine suture than in paramedian areas, mainly in the coronal reconstructions located more laterally.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Morphological Characteristics of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Anterior Maxillary Bone - CBCT Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Variations

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the gender differences in anatomical and morphometric characteristics of the nasopalatine canal–NPC and horizontal dimensions of the anterior maxilla by CBCT, which could be of interest for clinicians who perform implant surgery in this region. A retrospective quantitative study was conducted using CBCT images from the radiological database of the Department of Dentistry (Kragujevac) on a total of 113 participants (63 male and 50 female). The results of our study confirmed no gender difference in the distribution of NPC type, while the most frequent NPC type confirmed gender variations (cylindrical in females, funnel in males), but the lowest incidence of NPC type in both males and females was banana-type. The NPC length was significantly increased in males with no significant gender impact on medio-lateral (M-L) and antero-posterior (A-P) dimensions of the incisive foramen, as well as the A-P dimension of the nasal foramen. Linear regression analysis revealed the significant correlation between the M-L dimension of incisive foramen and the anterior maxilla diameter at all bone levels for males, and between the NPC length and the anterior maxilla diameter only in females at the level D. Also, both NPC type and gender significantly affected the correlations between the estimated parameters (females showed significant correlation only in funnel NPC type at the level D, while males showed significant correlation in both funnel NPC type at the level A, but also in hourglass-type at the level D). Those results imply significant gender impact in planning of various surgical interventions in the anterior maxilla region.

scholarly journals Assessing bone thickness in the infrazygomatic crest area aiming the orthodontic miniplates positioning: a tomographic study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rode Santos ◽  
Marcelo Castellucci ◽  
Iêda Margarida Crusoé-Rebello ◽  
Márcio Costa Sobral
Keyword(s):  
Computerized Tomography ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the increasing use of miniplates for anchorage purposes in orthodontics, it is very important to know more about infrazigomatic crest anatomy (thickness), in adult patients. Objectives: Evaluate the infrazygomatic crest region thickness, in adult (male and female) patients. Methods: Cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) images from 40 patients were used to assess cross-sectional measurements of the infrazygomatic crest region. Measurement 1 considered thickness 2 mm above the distobuccal root of the permanent maxillary first molar, while measurement 2 was taken 2 mm above the first measurement. Results: The mean thickness of the infrazygomatic crest in males was 3.55 mm for measurement 1 and 2.84 mm for measurement 2, while in females these were 2.37 mm and 2.24 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The authors concluded that the overall mean thickness of the infrazygomatic crest was 2.49 mm with respect to measurement 1, and 2.29 mm for measurement 2, with no statistically significant differences between gender.

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Relationship with the Anterior Maxillary Bone—A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Dragica Selakovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic ◽  
Nemanja U. Jovicic ◽  
Dragan Milovanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incisive Foramen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interconnection between the type of nasopalatine canal (NPC) and morphometric characteristics of the anterior maxilla. The investigation involved 113 subjects, and the morphometric parameters were obtained using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). NPC shapes were classified into four types: banana-, hourglass-, cylindrical-, and funnel-shaped (distribution of approximately 9, 25, 31, and 35%, respectively). The analysis revealed that the NPC shape was significantly connected with the morphometric properties of anterior maxilla horizontal dimensions. In general, a banana-shaped NPC was accompanied with an overall reduction in anterior maxilla diameters when compared to other NPC shapes, with no significant difference between the other three NPC shapes. Furthermore, the morphometric characteristics that depend on NPC shape at the sagittal cross-section were significantly correlated with diameters of the incisive foramen, nasal foramen, and NPC length. According to the results of our study, it seems that the presented analyses of morphometric data may allow useful insight into the algorithms of various interconnections between the measures obtained in the region of the anterior maxilla, which could be of interest for a time rationale approach when planning some surgical procedures, such as immediate dental implant placement planning.

scholarly journals Assessment of Condition of Prescription of Panoramic Radiography According to the FDA Guidelines by General Dentists in Yazd in 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Esmaeili ◽  
Moein Soltanzade ◽  
Motahareh Kaboodsaz Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Questions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mean ◽  
General Dentists

Introduction: Panoramic radiography is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of maxillofacial lesions, due to the visibility of all the teeth, alveolar bone and TMJ. This study was performed to evaluate the status of panoramic radiography in accordance with FDA rules in general dentists in Yazd in 2019. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 170 general dentists (86 women and 84 men) working in Yazd in 2019 were completed questionnaires, including two parts: the first part consisted of demographic information( age, gender, number of years of graduation, university of Education), and the second part was specific questions in three areas: survey (28 questions), case introduction (6 cases) and diagnostic value (6 questions) about panoramic radiography. The collecting data were entered into SPSS software version 18 and analyzed using t-test and linear regression. Results: The mean score of the survey questions was 103/05±12/86, the mean score of case questions was 5/76±2/22 and the mean score of diagnostic value questions was 8/12±2/56, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of diagnostic value questions in terms of participation in radiology retraining courses (p=0.016). There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean score of diagnostic value questions with the age of dentists (p=0.015) and the mean score of survey questions (p=0.029) and mean score of case questions (p=0.039) with the university of study. Conclusion Panoramic radiography prescriptions in general dentists working in Yazd, in some cases, do not comply with the FDA guidelines for prescribing panoramic radiography, and further training in this field seems necessary.

scholarly journals Anatomical consideration for optimal position of orthodontic miniscrews in the maxilla: a CBCT appraisal

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-337
Author(s):  
Maha S. Al Amri ◽  
Hanadi M. Sabban ◽  
Doaa H. Alsaggaf ◽  
Fahad F. Alsulaimani ◽  
Ghassan A. Al-Turki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Insertion Angle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Orthodontic miniscrews are commonly used as temporary anchorage devices. Bone thickness and bone depth are important factors when placing miniscrews. There are no studies to assess the maxillary bone thickness for optimum miniscrew placement in a Saudi population. OBJECTIVE: Assess the proximity of the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity in areas where miniscrews are usually inserted using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional. SETTING: Department of maxillofacial radiology in a Saudi dental school. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Using CBCT images, we measured the distance between the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity to the palatal bone, buccal intra-radicular and infrazygomatic crest areas. Mean values (SD) were compared at various locations, including by gender, and correlation with age was calculated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Mean bone thickness at commonly used sites for orthodontic miniscrew placements in the maxilla. Secondary outcome was the insertion angle in the infrazygomatic crest area. SAMPLE SIZE: CBCT images of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females). RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation) age for the sample was 25.4 (6.5) years with no significant difference between males and females. In the palate, the distance to the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus was greater anteriorly and decreased significantly posteriorly ( P <.001). Buccally, the interdental bone depth was significantly greater between the second premolar and first molar (11.96 mm) compared to between the central and lateral incisors (7.53 mm, P <.001). The mean bone thickness of the infrazygomatic crest area at a 45° insertion angle was 4.94 mm compared to 3.90 at a 70° insertion angle ( P <.001). No correlation was found between age and bone thickness. CONCLUSION: The distance to the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus was greater in the anterior than posterior areas. There is minimal risk of injuring the maxillary sinus or nasal cavity using the buccal approach. Caution is needed when placing miniscrews in the infrazygomatic crest area. LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional study from one center; hence, findings cannot be generalized to other populations. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

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