Microbiological Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Outcome Among Patients Admitted to Addis Ababa Intensive Care Units; a Cross-sectional Study.
Abstract Background: ICU infections are major health care problems affecting millions globally each year. ICU mortality of infectious patients is increasing and as high as 14.31% to 45.4%. The objective of this study was to determine microbiological culture profile, their antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment outcome of patients admitted to intensive care units.Methods and materials: An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in all patients with microbiological culture and susceptibility results after admission to intensive care units from January 2019 to December 2019. A modified, pretested questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Correlation and regression analysis was done for association. P value of <0.05 with CI of 95% was taken as clinically significant.Results: A total of 106 patients with 173 culture results were analyzed. Majority 68(64.2%) were males and the mean age of the patients were 35.08 ± 1.6 years. The most common source of infection was the pulmonary system 84(54.5%) followed by urinary tract infection 26(16.9%). Forty-four (25.43%) of cultures had growth. Gram negative microorganisms were identified in 35(68.63%) of isolates and Acinetobacter species accounts for 10(28.57%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia and E. coli 7(13.725%) each. Generally, higher resistance was observed with cephalosporins and penicillins, whereas sensitivity to carbapenems, PIP/TAZ, and amikacin was satisfactory. The mortality associated with intensive care infections was found to be 32.1%.Conclusion: This study revealed that the mortality rate associated with ICU infection was 32.1%. Early identification, targeted provision of antimicrobials based on microbiological culture and susceptibility result has to be implemented to have better outcome. Designs of future multicenter and large studies are crucial to improve outcome of critically ill patients.
