scholarly journals Long-term epigenetic memory of jasmonic acid-dependent immunity against herbivory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Wilkinson ◽  
Robert Wilson ◽  
Amos Muench ◽  
Michael Henderson ◽  
Emma Moffat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Epigenetic Memory ◽  
Dna Methylome ◽  
Defence Genes ◽  
Methylome Analysis ◽  
Acting Mechanism ◽  
Biotrophic Pathogens

Abstract Stress exposure can have long-lasting impacts on ecologically relevant life-history traits in plants. Here, we have investigated the long-term impacts of the stress hormone jasmonic acid (JA) on the defence phenotype, transcriptome and DNA methylome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Three weeks after transient JA signalling activity in seedlings, 5-week-old plants retained induced resistance (IR) against herbivory but showed enhanced susceptibility to necrotrophic and biotrophic pathogens. Transcriptome analysis revealed that JA seedling treatment causes prolonged priming and/or up-regulation of JA-dependent defence genes but repression of ethylene- and salicylic acid-dependent genes. Long-term JA-IR against herbivory was dependent on MYC2/3/4 transcription factors and DNA (de)methylation pathways. Although DNA methylome analysis did not reveal consistent changes in DNA methylation near MYC2/3/4-controlled defence genes, plants from JA-treated seedlings showed enrichment of differentially methylated regions at ATREP2 transposable elements (TEs). Our study points to a trans-acting mechanism whereby hypomethylated TEs mediate long-lasting epigenetic memory of JA-dependent immunity.

scholarly journals An integrated platform for bovine DNA methylome analysis suitable for small samples

BMC Genomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib A Shojaei Saadi ◽  
Alan M O’Doherty ◽  
Dominic Gagné ◽  
Éric Fournier ◽  
Jason R Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Samples ◽  
Dna Methylome ◽  
Integrated Platform ◽  
Methylome Analysis

scholarly journals Decline in the frequency and benefits of multiple brooding in great tits as a consequence of a changing environment

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1663) ◽  
pp. 1845-1854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arild Husby ◽  
Loeske E.B. Kruuk ◽  
Marcel E. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Life History Traits ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Double Brooding ◽  
First Clutch ◽  
Second Clutch ◽  
Reproductive Events

For multiple-brooded species, the number of reproductive events per year is a major determinant of an individual's fitness. Where multiple brooding is facultative, its occurrence is likely to change with environmental conditions, and, as a consequence, the current rates of environmental change could have substantial impacts on breeding patterns. Here we examine temporal population-level trends in the proportion of female great tits ( Parus major ) producing two clutches per year (‘double brooding’) in four long-term study populations in The Netherlands, and show that the proportion of females that double brood has declined in all populations, with the strongest decline taking place in the last 30 years of the study. For one of the populations, for which we have data on caterpillar abundance, we show that the probability that a female produces a second clutch was related to the timing of her first clutch relative to the peak in caterpillar abundance, and that the probability of double brooding declined over the study period. We further show that the number of recruits from the second clutch decreased significantly over the period 1973–2004 in all populations. Our results indicate that adjustment to changing climatic conditions may involve shifts in life-history traits other than simply the timing of breeding.

scholarly journals Long-term changes in the susceptibility of corals to thermal stress around Phuket, Thailand

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalita Putchim ◽  
Niphon Phongsuwan ◽  
Chaimongkol Yaemarunpattana ◽  
Nalinee Thongtham ◽  
Claudio Richter
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Pocillopora Damicornis ◽  
Rapid Adaptation ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Line Intercept

The bleaching susceptibility of 28 coral taxa around southern Phuket was examined in four natural major bleaching events, in 1991, 1995, 2010, and 2016. Surveys were conducted by line intercept and belt transect methods. All coral colonies were identified to genus or species-level and their pigmentation status was assessed as: (1) fully pigmented (i.e. no bleaching), (2) pale (loss of colour), (3) fully bleached, and (4) recently dead as a result of bleaching-induced mortality. Bleaching and mortality indices were calculated to compare bleaching susceptibility among coral taxa. In 2016 some of the formerly bleaching susceptible coral taxa (e.g. Acropora, Montipora, Echinopora, and Pocillopora damicornis) showed far greater tolerance to elevated sea water temperature than in previous years. In P. damicornis the higher bleaching resistance encompassed all sizes from juveniles (<5cm) to adults (>30cm). In contrast, some of the formerly bleaching-resistant corals (e.g. the massive Porites, Goniastrea, Dipsastraea, and Favites) became more susceptible to bleaching over repeated thermal stress events. Our results support the hypothesis that some of the fast-growing branching corals (Acropora, Montipora, and Pocillopora) may have life-history traits that lead to more rapid adaptation to a changed environment than certain growing massive species.

Laying date of marsh tits Parus palustris in relation to climate change

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravko Dolenec
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Laying Date ◽  
Bird Breeding ◽  
Spring Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Marsh Tit ◽  
Term Data

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that climate change affects bird breeding phenology and other life-history traits of wildlife. This study is based on the mean spring temperatures (February, March, April) and laying dates of first eggs of the marsh tit Parus palustris. We collected data from 1984 to 2004 for the Mokrice area in NW Croatia. Correlation between laying date and mean spring temperatures was significant. The relationship between mean laying date (y) and air temperature (x) can be expressed as y = 44.69 − 2.08x. Results indicate that spring temperatures are a good predictor of timing of laying eggs. Such long-term data could than be used in order to assess the effects on biological systems if human activities influence climate.

Calcium effects on life-history traits in a wild population of the great tit (Parus major): analysis of long-term data at several spatial scales

Oecologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Albert Wilkin ◽  
Andrew G. Gosler ◽  
Dany Garant ◽  
S. James Reynolds ◽  
Ben C. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Calcium Effects ◽  
Term Data

scholarly journals Comprehensive Whole DNA Methylome Analysis by Integrating MeDIP-seq and MRE-seq

2017 ◽  
pp. 209-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Xing ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Daofeng Li ◽  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylome ◽  
Methylome Analysis

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Epigenetic Preservation of Genetic Sex Identity in Estrogen-feminized Male Chicken Embryonic Gonads

Endocrinology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Shioda ◽  
Junko Odajima ◽  
Misato Kobayashi ◽  
Mutsumi Kobayashi ◽  
Bianca Cordazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Germline Cell ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Dna Methylome ◽  
Methylome Analysis ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Relative Mrna Expression

Abstract Whereas in ovo exposure of genetically male (ZZ) chicken embryos to exogenous estrogens temporarily feminizes gonads at the time of hatching, the morphologically ovarian ZZ-gonads (FemZZs for feminized ZZ gonads) are masculinized back to testes within 1 year. To identify the feminization-resistant “memory” of genetic male sex, FemZZs showing varying degrees of feminization were subjected to transcriptomic, DNA methylome, and immunofluorescence analyses. Protein-coding genes were classified based on their relative mRNA expression across normal ZZ-testes, genetically female (ZW) ovaries, and FemZZs. We identified a group of 25 genes that were strongly expressed in both ZZ-testes and FemZZs but dramatically suppressed in ZW-ovaries. Interestingly, 84% (21/25) of these feminization-resistant testicular marker genes, including the DMRT1 master masculinizing gene, were located in chromosome Z. Expression of representative marker genes of germline cells (eg, DAZL or DDX4/VASA) was stronger in FemZZs than normal ZZ-testes or ZW-ovaries. We also identified 231 repetitive sequences (RSs) that were strongly expressed in both ZZ-testes and FemZZs, but these RSs were not enriched in chromosome Z. Although 94% (165/176) of RSs exclusively expressed in ZW-ovaries were located in chromosome W, no feminization-inducible RS was detected in FemZZs. DNA methylome analysis distinguished FemZZs from normal ZZ- and ZW-gonads. Immunofluorescence analysis of FemZZ gonads revealed expression of DMRT1 protein in medullary SOX9+ somatic cells and apparent germline cell populations in both medulla and cortex. Taken together, our study provides evidence that both somatic and germline cell populations in morphologically feminized FemZZs maintain significant transcriptomic and epigenetic memories of genetic sex.

scholarly journals Jasmonic acid causes short- and long-term alterations to the transcriptome and the expression of defense genes in sugarbeet roots

Plant Gene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 50-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Klotz Fugate ◽  
Lucilene Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Jocleita Perruzo Ferrareze ◽  
Melvin D. Bolton ◽  
Edward L. Deckard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Defense Genes ◽  
Short And Long Term
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