scholarly journals A Design Process for a 3D Printed Patient-Specific Applicator for HDR Brachytherapy of the Orbit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ergys David Subashi ◽  
Corbin Jacobs ◽  
Rodney Hood ◽  
David Kirsch ◽  
Oana Craciunescu
Keyword(s):  
Target Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Hdr Brachytherapy ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Body Contour ◽  
Tumor Bed ◽  
Varying Length ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract BACKGROUND: This report describes a process for designing a 3D printed patient-specific applicator for HDR brachytherapy of the orbit. CASE PRESENTATION: A 34-year-old man with recurrent melanoma of the orbit was referred for consideration of re-irradiation. An applicator for HDR brachytherapy was designed based on the computed tomography (CT) of patient anatomy. The body contour was used to generate an applicator with a flush fit against the patient’s skin while the planning target volume (PTV) was used to devise channels that allow for access and coverage of the tumor bed. An end-to-end dosimetric test was devised to determine feasibility for clinical use. The applicator was designed to conform to the volume and contours inside the orbital cavity. Support wings placed flush with the patient skin provided stability and reproducibility, while 16 source channels of varying length were needed for sufficient access to the target. A solid sheath, printed as an outer support-wall for each channel, prevented bending or accidental puncturing of the surface of the applicator. CONCLUSIONS: Quality assurance tests demonstrated feasibility for clinical use. Our experience with available 3D printing technology used to generate an applicator for the orbit may provide guidance for how materials of suitable biomechanical and radiation properties can be used in brachytherapy.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Patient-Specific Applicator for HDR Brachytherapy of the Orbit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ergys David Subashi ◽  
Corbin Jacobs ◽  
Rodney Hood ◽  
David Kirsch ◽  
Oana Craciunescu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
The Body ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Hdr Brachytherapy ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Body Contour ◽  
Tumor Bed ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract BACKGROUND This report describes a process for designing a 3D printed patient-specific applicator for HDR brachytherapy of the orbit. CASE PRESENTATION A 34-year-old man with recurrent melanoma of the orbit was referred for consideration of re-irradiation. An applicator for HDR brachytherapy was designed based on the computed tomography (CT) of patient anatomy. The body contour was used to generate an applicator with a flush fit against the patient’s skin while the planning target volume (PTV) was used to devise channels that allow for access and coverage of the tumor bed. An end-to-end quality assurance test was devised to determine feasibility for clinical use. The applicator was designed to conform to the volume and contours inside the orbital cavity. Support wings placed flush with the patient skin provided stability and reproducibility, while 16 source channels of varying length were needed for sufficient access to the target. A solid sheath, printed as an outer support-wall for each channel, prevented bending or accidental puncturing of the surface of the applicator. CONCLUSIONS Quality assurance tests demonstrated feasibility for clinical use. Our experience with available 3D printing technology used to generate an applicator for the orbit may provide guidance for how materials of suitable biomechanical and radiation properties can be used in brachytherapy.

scholarly journals A design process for a 3D printed patient-specific applicator for HDR brachytherapy of the orbit

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ergys Subashi ◽  
Corbin Jacobs ◽  
Rodney Hood ◽  
David G. Kirsch ◽  
Oana Craciunescu
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hdr Brachytherapy ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Clinical validation of a commercially available deep learning software for synthetic CT generation for brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Lerner ◽  
Joakim Medin ◽  
Christian Jamtheim Gustafsson ◽  
Sara Alkner ◽  
Carl Siversson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Organs At Risk ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pass Rate ◽  
Geometric Distortion ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Body Contour ◽  
Mean Values

Abstract Background Most studies on synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation for brain rely on in-house developed methods. They often focus on performance rather than clinical feasibility. Therefore, the aim of this work was to validate sCT images generated using a commercially available software, based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm, to enable MRI-only treatment planning for the brain in a clinical setting. Methods This prospective study included 20 patients with brain malignancies of which 14 had areas of resected skull bone due to surgery. A Dixon magnetic resonance (MR) acquisition sequence for sCT generation was added to the clinical brain MR-protocol. The corresponding sCT images were provided by the software MRI Planner (Spectronic Medical AB, Sweden). sCT images were rigidly registered and resampled to CT for each patient. Treatment plans were optimized on CT and recalculated on sCT images for evaluation of dosimetric and geometric endpoints. Further analysis was also performed for the post-surgical cases. Clinical robustness in patient setup verification was assessed by rigidly registering cone beam CT (CBCT) to sCT and CT images, respectively. Results All sCT images were successfully generated. Areas of bone resection due to surgery were accurately depicted. Mean absolute error of the sCT images within the body contour for all patients was 62.2 ± 4.1 HU. Average absorbed dose differences were below 0.2% for parameters evaluated for both targets and organs at risk. Mean pass rate of global gamma (1%/1 mm) for all patients was 100.0 ± 0.0% within PTV and 99.1 ± 0.6% for the full dose distribution. No clinically relevant deviations were found in the CBCT-sCT vs CBCT-CT image registrations. In addition, mean values of voxel-wise patient specific geometric distortion in the Dixon images for sCT generation were below 0.1 mm for soft tissue, and below 0.2 mm for air and bone. Conclusions This work successfully validated a commercially available CNN-based software for sCT generation. Results were comparable for sCT and CT images in both dosimetric and geometric evaluation, for both patients with and without anatomical anomalies. Thus, MRI Planner is feasible to use for radiotherapy treatment planning of brain tumours.

scholarly journals Development of Patient Specific Conformal 3D-Printed Devices for Dose Verification in Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8657
Author(s):  
Antonio Jreije ◽  
Lalu Keshelava ◽  
Mindaugas Ilickas ◽  
Jurgita Laurikaitiene ◽  
Benas Gabrielis Urbonavicius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Target Volume ◽  
Dose Assessment ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Dose Verification ◽  
3D Printed

In radiation therapy, a bolus is used to improve dose distribution in superficial tumors; however, commercial boluses lack conformity to patient surface leading to the formation of an air gap between the bolus and patient surface and suboptimal tumor control. The aim of this study was to explore 3D-printing technology for the development of patient-specific conformal 3D-printed devices, which can be used for the radiation treatment of superficial head and neck cancer (HNC). Two 3D boluses (0.5 and 1.0 cm thick) for surface dose build-up and patient-specific 3D phantom were printed based on reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images of a patient with HNC. The 3D-printed patient-specific phantom indicated good tissue equivalency (HU = −32) and geometric accuracy (DSC = 0.957). Both boluses indicated high conformity to the irregular skin surface with minimal air gaps (0.4–2.1 mm for 0.5 cm bolus and 0.6–2.2 mm for 1.0 cm bolus). The performed dose assessment showed that boluses of both thicknesses have comparable effectiveness, increasing the dose that covers 99% of the target volume by 52% and 26% for single field and intensity modulated fields, respectively, when compared with no bolus case. The performed investigation showed the potential of 3D printing in development of cost effective, patient specific and patient friendly conformal devices for dose verification in radiotherapy.

scholarly journals An industrial oriented workflow for 3D printed, patient specific orthopedic cast

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Formisano ◽  
Luigi Iuppariello ◽  
Antonio Casaburi ◽  
Pasquale Guida ◽  
Fabrizio Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Medical Device Design ◽  
Voluntary Standards ◽  
3D Printed

AbstractThe clinical use of 3D printed patient specific orthopaedic cast is of wide interest. However, design and production have problems such as production time, which can take up to 35 h, and standardized procedure considering that there are medical devices that must comply mandatory and/or voluntary standards. Moreover, the proposed procedures do not fully consider the traceability of this innovative medical device design to comply with standards and industrial proposes. The aim of this work is to propose a semi-automatic workflow for the production of the 3D printed orthopaedic casts. The procedure is oriented towards a reduction time in different phases (as scan setting, designing technique, printing orientation) of the production flow. The workflow is compliant with recognized quality standards for the production of additive manufactured medical devices. This approach offers the possibility to introduce new 3D printed medical devices in clinical practice as well as to design an optimized industrial workflow.

Preoperative and Postoperative Management of the Body Contour Patient

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
R. Rohrich ◽  
P. B. Fodor ◽  
J. J. Petry ◽  
P. Vash
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Contour

Vorklinische Untersuchung zur Organverteilung und Strahlenbelastung von Radiojod-Jodlisurid

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
H. Flade ◽  
B. Johannsen ◽  
V. Pink ◽  
U. Herold ◽  
R. Harhammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Isolated Organs

The distribution in rats of 125l-iodolisuride was studied. Three rats each were sacrificed at fixed intervals between 5 min and 24 h p. i., and the radioactivity was measured in isolated organs and parts of the body. The organ distribution and biexponential blood disappearance were similar to values for unlabeled lisuride. The radiation dose was estimated for man assuming a 123l label. The resulting doses were comparable to those from other radiopharmaceuticals in clinical use.

Scaffolds for Drug Delivery in Tissue Engineering

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas V. Gaikwad ◽  
Abasaheb B. Patil ◽  
Madhuri V. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
Heart Muscle Cells

Scaffolds are used for drug delivery in tissue engineering as this system is a highly porous structure to allow tissue growth.  Although several tissues in the body can regenerate, other tissue such as heart muscles and nerves lack regeneration in adults. However, these can be regenerated by supplying the cells generated using tissue engineering from outside. For instance, in many heart diseases, there is need for heart valve transplantation and unfortunately, within 10 years of initial valve replacement, 50–60% of patients will experience prosthesis associated problems requiring reoperation. This could be avoided by transplantation of heart muscle cells that can regenerate. Delivery of these cells to the respective tissues is not an easy task and this could be done with the help of scaffolds. In situ gel forming scaffolds can also be used for the bone and cartilage regeneration. They can be injected anywhere and can take the shape of a tissue defect, avoiding the need for patient specific scaffold prefabrication and they also have other advantages. Scaffolds are prepared by biodegradable material that result in minimal immune and inflammatory response. Some of the very important issues regarding scaffolds as drug delivery systems is reviewed in this article.

Incipient Separation Near Corners

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly I. Ruban
Keyword(s):  
Corner Point ◽  
Analytic Form ◽  
The Body ◽  
Recirculation Region ◽  
Body Contour ◽  
Concave Corner ◽  
Attached Flow ◽  
Surface Deflection ◽  
Interaction Problem ◽  
Incipient Separation

Chapter 4 analyses the transition from an attached flow to a flow with local recirculation region near a corner point of a body contour. It considers both subsonic and supersonic flow regimes, and shows that the flow near a corner can be studied in the framework of the triple-deck theory. It assumes that the body surface deflection angle is small, and formulates the linearized viscous-inviscid interaction problem. Its solution is found in an analytic form. It also presents the results of the numerical solution of the full nonlinear problem. It shows how, and when, the separation region forms in the boundary layer. In conclusion, it suggests that in the subsonic flow past a concave corner, the solution is not unique.

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