scholarly journals High genetic diversity and strong genetic structure of Strongyllodes variegatus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) demonstrate the population history of its distribution in oilseed rape production areas in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HaiXia Zhan ◽  
ZhongPing Hao ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
LiNi Zhu ◽  
JingJiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background: Strongyllodes variegatus (Fairmaire) is a major insect pest of oilseed rape in China. Despite its economic importance, the contribution of its population genetics in the development of suitable protection control strategy for oilseed rape crops is poorlys tudied. Using the sequences mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI ) and cytochrome b (Cytb ) as genetic markers, we analyzed population genetic diversity and structure of 437 individuals collected from 15 S. variegates populations located in different oilseed rape production areas in China. In addition, we estimated the demographic history using neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis. Results: The high level of genetic diversity was detected among the COI and Cytb sequences of S. variegates . The population structure analysis strongly suggested three distinct genetic and geographical regions in China with limited gene flow. The Mantel test showed that the genetic distance was greatly influenced by the geographical distance. The demographic analyses showed that S. variegates experienced population fluctuation during the Pleistocene Epoch, which was likely to be related to the climatic changes. Conclusion: Overall, these results demonstrate that the strong population genetic structure of S. variegates in China may is attributed to the isolation through the geographical distance among populations, their weak flight capacity and subsequently adaptation to the regional ecological conditions.

scholarly journals High genetic diversity and strong genetic structure of Strongyllodes variegatus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) demonstrate the genetic mechanism of its distribution in oilseed rape production areas in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HaiXia Zhan ◽  
ZhongPing Hao ◽  
JingJiang Zhou ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
LiNi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Genetics ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background : Strongyllodes variegatus (Fairmaire) is a major insect pest of oilseed rape in China. Despite its economic importance, the population genetics of this pest contributing to the development of suitable management and control strategies is poorly known. To understand the population genetics and assess the geographical patterns and genetic structure of S. variegates in China. Using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b region sequences as genetic markers, we analyzed population genetic diversity and structure from 437 individuals collected in 15 S. variegates populations located in different oilseed rape production areas in China. In addition, we estimated the demographic history using neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis. Results : The high level of genetic diversity was detected among the mtDNA region sequences of S. variegates . The population structure analysis strongly suggested that three genetic and geographical regions occur with limited gene flow. The Mantel test showed that the genetic distance was greatly influenced by geographical distance. The demographic analyses showed that S. variegates experienced population fluctuation during the Pleistocene, which was likely to be related to the climatic changes. Conclusion : Overall, these results demonstrated that the strong population genetic structure of this beetle may attribute to the geographical barriers and subsequently adapt to the regional ecological conditions for the distribution of S. variegates in China. Keywords : Gene flow, Genetic differentiation, Haplotype, Oilseed rape, Population genetic pattern, Strongyllodes variegates

scholarly journals High genetic diversity and strong genetic structure of Strongyllodes variegatus populations in oilseed rape production areas of China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HaiXia Zhan ◽  
ZhongPing Hao ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
LiNi Zhu ◽  
JingJiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background: Strongyllodes variegatus (Fairmaire) is a major insect pest of oilseed rape in China. Despite its economic importance, the contribution of its population genetics in the development of any suitable protection control strategy for the management of oilseed rape crops is poorly studied. It is a much urgent need to prevent its spread to the rest of the world. Results: Using the sequences of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb) as genetic markers, we analyzed the population genetic diversity and structure of 437 individuals collected from 15 S. variegates populations located in different oilseed rape production areas in China. In addition, we estimated the demographic history using neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis. The high level of genetic diversity was detected among the COI and Cytb sequences of S. variegates. The population structure analyses strongly suggested three distinct genetic and geographical regions in China with limited gene flow. The Mantel test showed that the genetic distance was greatly influenced by the geographical distance. The demographic analyses showed that S. variegates had experienced population fluctuation during the Pleistocene Epoch, which was likely to be related to the climatic changes.Conclusion: Overall, these results demonstrate that the strong genetic structure of S. variegates populations in China, which is attributed by the isolation through the geographical distance among populations, their weak flight capacity and subsequent adaptation to the regional ecological conditions.

scholarly journals High genetic diversity and strong genetic structure of Strongyllodes variegatus populations in oilseed rape production areas of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Xia Zhan ◽  
Zhong-Ping Hao ◽  
Rui Tang ◽  
Li-Ni Zhu ◽  
Jing-Jiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Production Areas

Abstract Background Strongyllodes variegatus (Fairmaire) is a major insect pest of oilseed rape in China. Despite its economic importance, the contribution of its population genetics in the development of any suitable protection control strategy for the management of oilseed rape crops is poorly studied. It is a much urgent need to prevent its spread to the rest of the world. Results Using the sequences of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb) as genetic markers, we analyzed the population genetic diversity and structure of 437 individuals collected from 15 S. variegatus populations located in different oilseed rape production areas in China. In addition, we estimated the demographic history using neutrality test and mismatch distribution analysis. The high level of genetic diversity was detected among the COI and Cytb sequences of S. variegatus. The population structure analyses strongly suggested three distinct genetic and geographical regions in China with limited gene flow. The Mantel test showed that the genetic distance was greatly influenced by the geographical distance. The demographic analyses showed that S. variegatus had experienced population fluctuation during the Pleistocene Epoch, which was likely to be related to the climatic changes. Conclusion Overall, these results demonstrate that the strong genetic structure of S. variegatus populations in China, which is attributed by the isolation through the geographical distance among populations, their weak flight capacity and subsequent adaptation to the regional ecological conditions.

scholarly journals Population Genetic Structure of Septoria passerinii in Northern Great Plains Barley

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 938-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Lee ◽  
S. M. Neate
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Differentiation ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Geographical Regions

The genetic structure of Septoria passerinii from nine field populations was examined at several scales (within lesions, among lesions in a leaf, among leaves in a field, and among fields in North Dakota and western Minnesota) by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 390 isolates were sampled from seven barley fields located in North Dakota and two barley fields located nearby in western Minnesota in 2003 and 2004. Based on 57 polymorphic AFLP markers, AFLP DNA fingerprints identified 176 different genotypes among 390 (non-clone-corrected) isolates in nine different fields. In two intensively sampled sites, ND16 (Williston, ND) and ND17 (Langdon, ND), only one to four different genotypes were found within a lesion. A higher level of genetic and genotypic diversity was found within a leaf in which six to nine different genotypes were found from lesions on a leaf. The genetic diversity within a leaf was similar to the genetic diversity within a field. The average genetic diversity (H) within a field across all AFLP loci was approximately 0.3, except at site ND12 (Carrington, ND) where it was 0.16. Genotypic diversity was high in all populations, and with the exception of ND15 (Rothsay, MN), very low multilocus linkage disequilibrium values ( rd) were found in all populations. The population differentiation, GST, was relatively high (GST = 0.238) among the nine populations due to the high GST in ND12, ND14 (Twin Valley, MN), and ND15. Population differentiation without those three populations was 0.09. A lack of correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance was found, suggesting the potential for a high level of gene flow between different geographical regions. The population genetic structure described in this study for S. passerinii in North Dakota and western Minnesota is consistent with that of a sexually reproducing fungus.

scholarly journals Population genetic structure and connectivity of a riparian selfing herb Caulokaempferia coenobialis at a fine-scale geographic level in subtropical monsoon forest

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Fu ◽  
Jie Deng ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Yan Zhong ◽  
Guo-Hui Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Monsoon Forest

Abstract Background Rivers and streams facilitate movement of individuals and their genes across the landscape and are generally recognized as dispersal corridors for riparian plants. Nevertheless, some authors have reported directly contrasting results, which may be attributed to a complex mixture of factors, such as the mating system and dispersal mechanisms of propagules (seed and pollen), that make it difficult to predict the genetic diversity and population structure of riparian species. Here, we investigated a riparian self-fertilizing herb Caulokaempferia coenobialis, which does not use anemochory or zoochory for seed dispersal; such studies could contribute to an improved understanding of the effect of rivers or streams on population genetic diversity and structure in riparian plants. Using polymorphic ISSR and cpDNA loci, we studied the effect at a microgeographic scale of different stream systems (a linear stream, a dendritic stream, and complex transverse hydrological system) in subtropical monsoon forest on the genetic structure and connectivity of C. coenobialis populations across Dinghu Mountain (DH) and Nankun Mountain (NK). Results The results indicate that the most recent haplotypes (DH: H7, H8; NK: h6, h7, h11, h12) are not shared among local populations of C. coenobialis within each stream system. Furthermore, downstream local populations do not accumulate genetic diversity, whether in the linear streamside local populations across DH (H: 0.091 vs 0.136) or the dendritic streamside local populations across NK (H: 0.079 vs 0.112, 0.110). Our results show that the connectivity of local C. coenobialis populations across DH and NK can be attributed to historical gene flows, resulting in a lack of spatial genetic structure, despite self-fertilization. Selfing C. coenobialis can maintain high genetic diversity (H = 0.251; I = 0.382) through genetic differentiation (GST = 0.5915; FST = 0.663), which is intensified by local adaptation and neutral mutation and/or genetic drift in local populations at a microgeographic scale. Conclusion We suggest that streams are not acting as corridors for dispersal of C. coenobialis, and conservation strategies for maintaining genetic diversity of selfing species should be focused on the protection of all habitat types, especially isolated fragments in ecosystem processes.

scholarly journals Managing Genetic Diversity and Representation in Banksia marginata (Proteaceae) Seed Production Areas Used for Conservation and Restoration

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Linda Broadhurst ◽  
David Bush ◽  
Jim Begley
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Landscape Degradation ◽  
Native Seed ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Production Areas

Landscape degradation is a major threat to global biodiversity that is being further exacerbated by climate change. Halting or reversing biodiversity decline using seed-based restoration requires tons of seed, most of which is sourced from wild populations. However, in regions where restoration is most urgent, wild seed sources are often fragmented, declining and producing seed with low genetic diversity. Seed production areas (SPAs) can help to reduce the burden of collecting native seed from remnant vegetation, improve genetic diversity in managed seed crops and contribute to species conservation. Banksia marginata (Proteaceae) is a key restoration species in south-eastern Australia but is highly fragmented and declining across much of its range. We evaluated genetic diversity, population genetic structure and relatedness in two B. marginata SPAs and the wild populations from which the SPA germplasm was sourced. We found high levels of relatedness within most remnants and that the population genetic structure was best described by three groups of trees. We suggest that SPAs are likely to be important to meet future native seed demand but that best practice protocols are required to assist land managers design and manage these resources including genetic analyses to guide the selection of germplasm.

Comparative Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Rhus Gall Aphid Schlechtendalia Chinensis and Its Host-Plant Rhus Chinensis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Ren ◽  
Hong He ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xu Su
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Rhus Chinensis ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Distance Model

Abstract Studying the population genetic structure of both parasites and their host-plants is expected to yield new valuable insights into their coevolution. In this study, we examined and compared the population genetic diversity and structure of 12 populations of the Rhus gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, and its host-plant, Rhus chinensis, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variance of the aphid and its host-plant were both higher within populations compared to that among them, suggesting that a co-evolutionary history has yielded similar patterns of population genetic structure. We did not detect significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance for either the aphid or host-plant populations, therefore rejecting an isolation by distance model for the demographic histories of the two species. However, our results appeared to suggest that genetically diverse host -plant Rhus populations correlated to similarly genetically diverse populations of gall aphid parasites.

scholarly journals Geographical range size and latitude predict population genetic structure in a global survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20170566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara A. Pelletier ◽  
Bryan C. Carstens
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Learning Framework

While genetic diversity within species is influenced by both geographical distance and environmental gradients, it is unclear what other factors are likely to promote population genetic structure. Using a machine learning framework and georeferenced DNA sequences from more than 8000 species, we demonstrate that geographical attributes of the species range, including total size, latitude and elevation, are the most important predictors of which species are likely to contain structured genetic variation. While latitude is well known as an important predictor of biodiversity, our work suggests that it also plays a key role in shaping diversity within species.

scholarly journals Population genetic structure of Marbled Rockfish, Sebastiscus marmoratus (Cuvier, 1829), in the northwestern Pacific Ocean

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 830 ◽  
pp. 127-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Liu ◽  
Xiumei Zhang ◽  
Chunhou Li ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Takashi Yanagimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Recent Population Expansion

Sebastiscusmarmoratus is an ovoviviparous fish widely distributed in the northwestern Pacific. To examine the gene flow and test larval dispersal strategy of S.marmoratus in Chinese and Japanese coastal waters, 421 specimens were collected from 22 localities across its natural distribution. A 458 base-pair fragment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region was sequenced to examine genetic diversity and population structure. One-hundred-six variable sites defined 166 haplotypes. The populations of S.marmoratus showed high haplotype diversity with a range from 0.8587 to 0.9996, indicating a high level of intrapopulation genetic diversity. Low non-significant genetic differentiation was estimated among populations except those of Hyogo, Behai, and Niiigata, which showed significant genetic differences from the other populations. The demographic history examined by neutrality tests, mismatch distribution analysis, and Bayesian skyline analysis suggested a sudden population expansion dating to the late Pleistocene. Recent population expansion in the last glacial period, wide dispersal of larvae by coastal currents, and the homogeneity of the environment may have important influences on the population genetic pattern. Knowledge of genetic diversity and genetic structure will be crucial to establish appropriate fishery management of S.marmoratus.

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