scholarly journals How do concerned significant others experience Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) – a qualitative study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Hellum ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gallus Bischof ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Concerned Significant Others

Abstract Introduction: In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm, not only to the person who drinks but also to the person’s relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). Several interventions have been developed to help CSOs of persons with substance abuse e.g., Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). The aim of this study was to investigate what the CSOs who participated in a CRAFT intervention aimed for, when they sought help, what they found helpful from the intervention, and which elements of the interventions they utilized. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate how the CSOs managed to apply the components to their life.Method: This is a qualitative study is based on data from 11 interviews with help-seeking CSOs of individuals with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from an RCT study of various formats for delivering CRAFT (by means of group sessions + written material, individual sessions + written material or self-delivered CRAFT with written material only). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Results: The results describe how the CSOs experienced the intervention and the format that CRAFT in which was delivered, what they felt they gained, and, lastly, how the CSO experienced that it affected their life after the intervention.Conclusion: CSOs who participated in CRAFT intervention, felt helped by the CRAFT components, regardless of the format through which the intervention was delivered. Written material on CRAFT was considered helpful alongside the interventions and may, even for some, function as a useful intervention, albeit probably not as effective. The “Communication-element” from CRAFT, positive reinforcement, and knowledge about the disorder seemed particularly helpful.

scholarly journals How concerned significant others experience Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) – a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Hellum ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gallus Bischof ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Concerned Significant Others ◽  
Group Sessions

Abstract Introduction Heavy drinking causes serious harm, not only to the drinker but also to relationships and concerned significant others (CSOs). Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is an intervention developed to help the CSOs of substance users. The aim of this study was to investigate the drivers and aims underlying CSO participation in CRAFT, as well as their experience of the intervention itself and their module preferences. Method This is a qualitative study based on data from semi-structured interviews with 11 female help-seeking CSOs of individuals with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from an RCT study of a variety of CRAFT delivery formats (group sessions + written material, individual sessions + written material or self-delivered CRAFT with written material only). The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results CSOs reported CRAFT helpful when both delivered by means of individual sessions or group sessions. The “Communication Element” in CRAFT, the module focusing on positive reinforcement and acquiring a clearer understanding of AUD, appeared to be particularly helpful elements of CRAFT. Furthermore, being met with acceptance and non-judgmental attitudes seemed to count highly for the CSOs. The written material a helpful supplement to the face-to-face interventions. The written material a helpful supplement to the face-to-face interventions. Conclusion CSOs who participated in the CRAFT intervention felt helped by its components, irrespective of delivery format.

scholarly journals “He is lovely and awful”: The challenges of being close to an individual with alcohol problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 145507252110448
Author(s):  
Rikke Hellum ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Heavy Drinker ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Long Time

Introduction: In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm not only to the person who drinks but also to the person's relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). A relationship with a heavy drinker is often full of conflicts, and CSOs are frequently exposed to aggression, psychological, and sometimes physical violence from the heavy drinker. Despite their struggles, CSOs often feel it is difficult to seek professional help for these problems. The aim of this study was to investigate what problems CSOs of people with alcohol problems experience prior to seeking professional help to handle these issues. Moreover, to investigate what led to seeking professional help at all. Methods: This is a qualitative study with 12 female help-seeking CSOs of persons with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) on Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Three overall themes and one sub-theme emerged from the analysis: (1) The CSO’s feelings and experiences of the situation prior to help-seeking, (2) The relationship with the drinker, (3) Reasons for help-seeking and its trajectory; and the sub-theme, What the CSOs hoped to gain from help-seeking. Conclusion: The present study showed that female CSOs of people with alcohol problems had suffered for a long time before seeking professional help. They felt their daily lives were unpredictable and stressful. They were often exposed to verbal and mental abuse and their relationships with the drinking relative were often characterised by frequent rowing. The CSOs had tried to cope for a long time using a number of different strategies; seeking help seemed to be the last option considered. Despite all the struggles and pain, the CSOs also felt a lot of love for their drinking relative and hoped for the return of their once sober relative. Our findings can be viewed as a support to the stress-strain-coping-support (SSCS) model proposed by Orford and colleagues.

scholarly journals Caring for a Dying Partner: The Male Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Judd ◽  
Helen Guy ◽  
Ruth A. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Conflicting Demands ◽  
Seeking Help ◽  
Male Experience

Objective: Caring for someone close who is dying, such as a spouse, is an emotive experience; however, there is little research examining the phenomenon of caregiving for a spouse at the end of life and of men’s experiences specifically. Existing literature suggests that men who are providing care are less likely to seek help than women, especially psychological and emotional support for themselves. The aim of the current study was to explore the lived experiences of men caring for a dying spouse or partner and their help-seeking for themselves during this time. Methods: Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with men caring for their partner, who was receiving palliative care. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Three superordinate themes emerged from the data, “Illness Questions Everything,” “Constructing the Caring Role,” and “Help-Seeking at the Limit.” The arrival of a terminal illness into a partnership is traumatic, and while it can deepen relationships, it can also create distance. The carer role has conflicting demands and carers need to make sense of their experience in order for the carer role to be constructed as a source of purpose or meaning. Finally, the idea of seeking help for oneself as a carer during this time is seen as “incompatible,” unmanageable, and can only be considered if constructed as a “last resort.” Significance of Results: Men care too; however, they can feel confused by this role and unsure as to how this fits with their identity as a man. They make sense of this by identifying as a partner whose “duty” or “responsibility” is to provide care. Although this is an understandable stance, it puts them at risk of further emotional, psychological, and physiological difficulties if their own needs are not met. Men need to be supported during this time and their caring qualities need to be destigmatized and demystified so that they can feel more able to identify with the role and look after themselves while caring for their dying partner.

The Insider's Experience of Long-Term Peer Victimisation

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham J. Mackay ◽  
Timothy A. Carey ◽  
Bruce Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Year ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Peer Victimisation ◽  
Being Bullied

AbstractBullying in schools continues to be a problem despite the best efforts of educators, researchers, and clinicians. Of most concern for the present study is that some children experience long-term victimisation by their peers. To improve our understanding in this area, the phenomenology of being bullied over the course of the school year was investigated with three participants aged from 11 to 15 years. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Two superordinate themes with associated subthemes were identified: ‘experience of victimisation’ (‘being different’, ‘dynamics of bullying’, ‘school’, and ‘social network’) and ‘strategies’ (‘help-seeking’, ‘behaviour’, ‘response to bullying’, ‘personal coping’, and ‘solutions’). Through these interviews some of the factors that may contribute to long-term peer victimisation were identified. The implications of these results for prevention and intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals The role of social support in the experience of abortion: A qualitative study of women’s personal accounts

Sociologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-192
Author(s):  
Milica Skocajic ◽  
Biljana Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Personal Accounts

Even though the experience of abortion is a relatively common experience among women in Serbia, personal accounts in relation to abortion are rarely examined. International findings show that having social support is crucial in coping with this experience. The main objective of this research was to examine the ways in which women rely on social support and the ways in which this shapes their experiences. After six semi-structured interviews with women who terminated their first pregnancy, their personal accounts were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The role of significant others remains important during the whole experience but with qualitative shifts throughout the phases. In the earliest phases, other people could be perceived as a double threat - they could cause the feeling of shame or be an obstacle in the pregnancy termination. During and after the medical procedure, the need for social support becomes stronger and more complex, although in some cases it remains unmet. Most prominent social figures are mothers and romantic partners. Participants with responsive and supportive social surroundings coped more easily than others whose support is nonexistent or overly normalizing. Research contribution of this study is the analysis of personal accounts of women who had abortion. Practical contribution is raisin awareness of the importance of legitimization of complex and ambiguous feelings during abortion, both by significant others and health psychologists.

scholarly journals The experiences of older adults living with an appearance altering burn injury: An exploratory qualitative study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Alice Jones ◽  
Heather Buchanan ◽  
Diana Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Burn Survivors

Advances in medical treatment mean more older people are living with burn injuries. However, little is known about experiences and support needs of this group. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of semi-structured interviews with 10 burn survivors aged 51–71 years identified four themes: time and adjusting to an altered appearance; living with a visible difference in the eyes of others; me, myself and I; importance of maintaining appearance. Adjusting to burns was a long process. Participants discussed feeling isolated, needing information about how ageing impacts on scars and maintaining a socially acceptable appearance. Implications for care and further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring the experience of using music and creative mark-making as a reflective tool during coaching supervision: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Beth McManus
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Supervision

Coaching supervision is still an emergent profession with a limited body of research to support its credibility and practice. This qualitative study is the first to explore the use of music and mark-making as a creative tool within coaching supervision and highlights information about both coach and coach supervisor experience. The research explores the question, ‘How does using mark-making in response to music within coaching supervision affect coaches’ experience of reflective practice?’ through semi-structured interviews, analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) methodology. Findings revealed that using music and mark-making as a creative tool within coaching supervision enhances reflective practice and supports the client-supervisor relationship, enabling highly effective supervision to take place. The results offer coaches, coaching supervisors, coach educators and researchers and other professionals in other contexts where supervision forms an integral part of professional support and development insights into using music and other creative tools in supervision sessions and the impact on reflective practice. Keywords: coaching supervision, music, creativity, coaching psychology, reflective practice

Therapists' Experience of Loss: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kouriatis ◽  
Dora Brown
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Therapeutic Work ◽  
The Impact

This qualitative study aimed to explore therapists' experiences of loss. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 therapists and the data were subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three master themes emerged from the analysis: (a) the grieving therapist, (b) hindrances in grieving, and (c) the impact of loss on therapeutic work. Therapists talked about their grief and elaborated on how they coped with their bereavement. Hindrances in their grief were reported, emerging both from others' stance and from their own. Participants found that their experience of loss was related to both challenges and advancements in their therapeutic work.

A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of the Male Dietitian from Student to Professional

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon JF Gheller ◽  
Phillip Joy ◽  
Daphne Lordly
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Professional Identity ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Nova Scotian ◽  
Predominately Female

Purpose: In Canada, dietitians serve a sex-diverse population despite the profession being predominately female (>95%). It is unknown why there are so few male dietitians. The objective of the present study was to explore the experience of the male dietitian, as a minority, in female-dominated dietetics.Methods: Two semi-structured interviews were conducted, approximately 6 weeks apart, with Nova Scotian male dietitians. The interviews prompted participants to reflect on their experience of being a male dietitian. Interviews were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Results: Male dietitians with between 1 and 17 years of experience participated (n = 6). Participant experiences were expressed as 4 themes: (i) feelings of difference and otherness, (ii) adapting to the female-dominated culture, (iii) constructing a professional identity, and (iv) passion as the driver for success. A theoretical framework for understanding the male dietitian’s experience was outlined.Conclusion: The experience of the male dietitian is unique and is a consequence of training and practicing in a female-dominated space. The effect of adaptation and construction of a professional identity that is a response to female-dominated cultural norms is wide ranging and may be constraining for male practitioners thereby affecting their contributions to the field.

STUDI KUALITATIF : KEBUTUHAN IBU HAMIL DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR JAWA TENGAH

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Arista Apriani ◽  
M Mufdlilah ◽  
Menik Sri Daryanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

ABSTRAK GDM dapat berpotensi menimbulkan komplikasi serius yang dapat mengakibatkan risiko kesehatan jangka pendek dan jangka panjang bagi ibu dan bayinya. diagnosis GDM menimbulkan efek emosional yang negatif. Persepsi ibu hamil tentang GDM dapat memengaruhi perubahan gaya hidup. Garis pertama penatalaksanaan DMG yaitu dengan perubahan gaya hidup. Tujuan menggali secara mendalam kebutuhan ibu dengan diagnosis diabetes melitus gestasional. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan  fenomenologi. Lokasi di Kabupaten Karanganyar yaitu Puskesmas Jaten I, Puskesmas Matesih dan RSUD Kabupaten Karanganyar, pada bulan Oktober 2019 - Januari 2020. Sampel secara criterion sampling Pengumpulan data dengan semistructure interview dengan one on one interview. Uji Keabsahan Data dengan Credibility pada penelitian ini menggunakan strategi validitas triangulasi, Tranferability, Dependability, Confirmability. Analisis data dengan Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Hasil penelitian kebutuhan ibu hamil dengan DMG teridentifikasi empat tema, yaitu dukungan keluarga dalam hal mengontrol pola makan, mengatarkan periksa ke tenaga kesehatan, dan mengingatkan untuk aktifitas olah raga. Dukungan sosial, yaitu cara mengontrol gula darah. Dukungan tenaga kesehatan, yaitu saran dan motivasi untuk mengontrol gula darah. Informasi mendapat saran atau perawatan DMG dalam kehamilan adalah dari tenaga kesehatan yaitu bidan, dokter, serta selain tenaga kesehatan dari teman dan internet. Kesimpulannya kebutuhan ibu hamil dengan DMG teridentifikasi empat tema, yaitu dukungan keluarga, dukungan sosial, dukungan tenaga kesehatan dan informasi.   Kata kunci: diabetes melitus gestasional, kehamilan, kebutuhan.   ABSTRACT GDM can overcome serious problems that can overcome short-term and long-term health problems for mother and baby. a diagnosis of GDM has a negative emotional effect. Pregnant women 's perception of GDM can affect lifestyle changes. The first line of management of DMG is lifestyle changes. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Qualitative research methods by studying phenomenology. Locations in Karanganyar Regency are Jaten I Health Center, Matesih Health Center and Karanganyar District Public Hospital, in October 2019 - January 2020. Sample sampling criteria Data collection by semi-structured interviews with one-on-one interviews. Data Validity Test with Credibility in this study using the triangulation validity strategy, Transparency, Dependability, Confirmability. Data analysis with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results of the study of the needs of pregnant women with DMG identified four themes, namely supporting the family in terms of controlling diet, sending check to health workers, and reminding for sports activities. Social support, which is a way to control blood sugar. Support of Health Workers, namely advice and motivation to control blood sugar. The information obtained from DMG advice or treatment in the assessment is from health workers, namely midwives, doctors, and also health workers from friends and the internet. In conclusion, the needs of pregnant women with DMG identified four themes, namely family support, social support, support of health workers and information.  

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