scholarly journals How concerned significant others experience Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) – a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Hellum ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gallus Bischof ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Concerned Significant Others ◽  
Group Sessions

Abstract Introduction Heavy drinking causes serious harm, not only to the drinker but also to relationships and concerned significant others (CSOs). Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is an intervention developed to help the CSOs of substance users. The aim of this study was to investigate the drivers and aims underlying CSO participation in CRAFT, as well as their experience of the intervention itself and their module preferences. Method This is a qualitative study based on data from semi-structured interviews with 11 female help-seeking CSOs of individuals with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from an RCT study of a variety of CRAFT delivery formats (group sessions + written material, individual sessions + written material or self-delivered CRAFT with written material only). The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results CSOs reported CRAFT helpful when both delivered by means of individual sessions or group sessions. The “Communication Element” in CRAFT, the module focusing on positive reinforcement and acquiring a clearer understanding of AUD, appeared to be particularly helpful elements of CRAFT. Furthermore, being met with acceptance and non-judgmental attitudes seemed to count highly for the CSOs. The written material a helpful supplement to the face-to-face interventions. The written material a helpful supplement to the face-to-face interventions. Conclusion CSOs who participated in the CRAFT intervention felt helped by its components, irrespective of delivery format.

scholarly journals How do concerned significant others experience Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) – a qualitative study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikke Hellum ◽  
Randi Bilberg ◽  
Gallus Bischof ◽  
Anette Søgaard Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Positive Reinforcement ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Concerned Significant Others

Abstract Introduction: In the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence that heavy drinking causes serious harm, not only to the person who drinks but also to the person’s relations and concerned significant others (CSOs). Several interventions have been developed to help CSOs of persons with substance abuse e.g., Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT). The aim of this study was to investigate what the CSOs who participated in a CRAFT intervention aimed for, when they sought help, what they found helpful from the intervention, and which elements of the interventions they utilized. Furthermore, we wanted to investigate how the CSOs managed to apply the components to their life.Method: This is a qualitative study is based on data from 11 interviews with help-seeking CSOs of individuals with alcohol problems. The participants were recruited from an RCT study of various formats for delivering CRAFT (by means of group sessions + written material, individual sessions + written material or self-delivered CRAFT with written material only). Semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, and transcribed. The analysis was based on the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.Results: The results describe how the CSOs experienced the intervention and the format that CRAFT in which was delivered, what they felt they gained, and, lastly, how the CSO experienced that it affected their life after the intervention.Conclusion: CSOs who participated in CRAFT intervention, felt helped by the CRAFT components, regardless of the format through which the intervention was delivered. Written material on CRAFT was considered helpful alongside the interventions and may, even for some, function as a useful intervention, albeit probably not as effective. The “Communication-element” from CRAFT, positive reinforcement, and knowledge about the disorder seemed particularly helpful.

Healthcare and Terrorism: The Lebanese Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Nooreddine Iskandar ◽  
Tatiana Rahbany ◽  
Ali Shokor
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Due to the common instability caused by political and security issues, Lebanese hospitals have experienced acts of terrorism multiple times. The most recent Beirut Explosion even forced several hospitals to cease operations for the first time in decades—but studies show the preparedness levels for such attacks in similar countries are low. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the experience of Lebanese hospitals with terrorist attacks. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders to assess their experience with terrorist bombings. Data was analyzed using the thematic analysis method. Results: The researchers found that Lebanese hospitals vary greatly in their structures and procedures. Those differences are a function of 3 contextual factors: location, culture, and accreditation status. Hospitals found near ‘dangerous zones’ were more likely to be aware and to have better response to such events. A severe lack of communication, unity of command, and collaboration between stakeholders has made the process fragmented. Conclusion: The researchers recommend a larger role for the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) in this process, and the creation of a platform where Lebanese organizations can share their experiences to improve preparedness and resilience of the Lebanese healthcare system in the face of terrorism.

scholarly journals Nurses perception of pharmaceutical care practice: A qualitative approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-892
Author(s):  
Zelal Kharaba ◽  
Rozina Kousar ◽  
Yassen Alfoteih ◽  
Saira Azhar ◽  
Shujaat Ali Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Patient Counseling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Awareness Programs

Purpose: To evaluate the perception of nurses regarding pharmaceutical care services in the healthcare system of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Province of Pakistan.Methods: This qualitative study was implemented by conducting semi-structured interviews. For data collection, interviews (face-to-face) were conducted after developing an interview guide. The interviewees were 18 nurses and were interviewed at their nursing stations in hospitals.  Interviews were continued until the data reached a saturation point. The respondents signed a written consent form before the start of the interview.Results: From the thematic content analysis, five major themes were extracted as stated here: (a) incognizance of pharmaceutical care; (b) collaboration of nurses and pharmacists; (c) improper distribution system; (d) lack of provision of patient counseling; and (e) pharmacist’s role in reducing prescribing errors.Conclusion: Based to the findings, Pakistani nurses have poor knowledge of pharmaceutical care, thus highlighting the need for organizing pharmaceutical care awareness programs for nurses. On the other hand, nurses have a positive perception of pharmacists’ roles in the healthcare system and want to work with them. Keywords: Perception, Pharmaceutical care, Qualitative study, Nurse, Patient care

scholarly journals Aspects associated with waterpipe smoking in Iranian youths: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Jafaralilou ◽  
Arman Latifi ◽  
Mehdi Khezeli ◽  
Atefeh Afshari ◽  
Farahnaz Zare
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Second Category

Abstract Background Waterpipe is one of the oldest methods of tobacco smoking, which has become the public health challenge, especially in the Eastern Mediterranean countries such as Iran. This study aimed to investigate the waterpipe smoking (WPS) in the young people of Kermanshah in 2020, using a qualitative method. Methods This was a qualitative study conducted with the approach of content analysis. Participants were young waterpipe user aged 17 to 25 years selected by purposeful sampling method in Kermanshah city, located in the west of Iran. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews in face-to-face and audio-recorded methods based on an interview guideline during June to August 2020. Then researchers transcribed verbatim and analyzed the content of the interviews thematically. Results In this study, 23 young people who were waterpipe users at the time of the study participated. The results showed that social aspects in three sub-categories were involved in WPS including “socio-cultural aspects”, “socio-environmental aspects”, and “social relations”. Individual aspects of waterpipe use as second category also consisted of two sub-categories including “motivational aspects” and “lack of psycho-protective aspects”. Conclusions It seems that the implementation of the policy of reducing access to waterpipe in public environments is effective in reducing waterpipe consumption. It is suggested that educational and interventions, based on targeted models and theories be implemented in order to increase young people’s belief and perception on dangers of WPS, and to improve their self-efficacy to smoking cessation.

scholarly journals Clinical Research in Neonates: Redesigning the Informed Consent Process in the Digital Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelien De Sutter ◽  
Birte Coopmans ◽  
Femke Vanendert ◽  
Marc Dooms ◽  
Karel Allegaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
The Face ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

Background: Currently, many initiatives are devoted to optimizing informed consent for participation in clinical research. Due to the digital transformation in health care, a shift toward electronic informed consent (eIC) has been fostered. However, empirical evidence on how to implement eIC in clinical research involving neonates is lacking.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 31 health care professionals active in Belgium or the Netherlands. All health care professionals had experience in conducting clinical research involving neonates. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the framework method.Results: Interviewees generally supported the use of eIC in clinical research involving neonates. For example, eIC could enable parents to receive study feedback via the eIC system. Requirements were expressed for parental involvement to decide on which feedback would be appropriate to return. Moreover, experts specialized in presenting information and designing electronic systems should be involved. Broad consensus among health care professionals indicates that the face-to-face-interaction between parents and the research team is vital to establish a relationship of trust. Therefore, it is necessary that the use of eIC runs alongside personal interactions with the parents. Concerns were raised about the accessibility of eIC to parents. For this reason, it was suggested that parents should always be given the possibility to read and sign a paper-based informed consent form or to use eIC.Conclusions: Health care professionals' views indicate that the use of eIC in clinical research with neonates may offer various opportunities. Further development and implementation will require a multi-stakeholder approach.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study Using Semi-Structured Interviews: Comparing the Views of Palliative Care Unit Patients and Clinicians on Corneal Donation Discussions

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag Patel ◽  
Gregory B Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Corneal Opacity ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Palliative Care Unit ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Corneal Donation

Abstract Background: Blindness from corneal opacity accounts for 12% of cases of blindness worldwide. There is a severe shortage of corneas for donation worldwide for transplantation and research purposes. One group of individuals who could potentially be donors are those who die within the inpatient palliative care unit. The aims of the study were to 1. determine the frequency of corneal donation discussion; 2. determine whether inpatient palliative care unit patients and clinicians were aware of the potential for corneal donation discussions and 3. explore the attitudes and beliefs of inpatient palliative care unit patients and clinicians about corneal donation. Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was designed where inpatient palliative care unit patients and clinicians were invited to a semi-structured interview. A total of 46 face to face interviews were undertaken involving inpatient palliative care unit patients (20) and clinicians (26) in three major inpatient palliative care units in South Australia. Results: Very few patient participants were asked about corneal donations during their time in palliative care. Most inpatient palliative care unit clinicians did not bring up the topic as they felt other areas of care took precedence. Inpatient palliative care unit patients thought if inpatient palliative care unit clinicians did not raise the topic, then it was not important. Conclusions: Findings suggest that patients are receptive to discussing corneal donations, but few discussions are occurring. There were some differences between patient and clinician views, such as preference about who raises the possibility of donation and when the discussion might occur.

The ethics of incomprehensibility

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Stanghellini
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Karl Jaspers ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols ◽  
Decision Making Criteria

What can psychiatrists learn today from Karl Jaspers, who at the dawn of XX Century, held that the future of medicine was in binding philosophy to science ? How can young psychiatrists, who are so hungry for handbook knowledge, structured interviews, decision-making criteria, and therapeutic protocols be so patient as to listen to such a hybrid clinician-philosopher arguing for a kind of knowledge which is stubbornly aware of its limits, and breathlessly revolting against all sorts of objectification and dogmatism? How can those who are looking for ‘expert knowledge’ be satisfied with a kind of knowledge which conceives of itself as an ‘unlimited task’ which takes place in the face-to-face, here-and-now encounter between two persons? How can they be happy with a mentor whose main teaching can be condensed into one sentence: ‘[Q]uestions are more essential than answers, and every answer becomes a new question’? To respond to these interrogations, we need to tackle another more fundamental one: On what kind of knowledge can we rely to establish the foundations of psychiatry? Jaspers’ answer can be condensed in one single word: Psychopathology.

The psychosocial impact of congenital hand and upper limb differences on children: a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
pp. 175319342096752
Author(s):  
Lucy McDougall ◽  
Joanne Kennedy ◽  
Christopher Coombs ◽  
Anthony Penington
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Psychosocial Concerns ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
Guided Questioning

This qualitative study explored the psychosocial concerns of children born with congenital hand and upper limb differences (CHULDs) from the point of view of these children and their parents. Qualitative, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with eight parent–child dyads. Open format questions allowed spontaneous emergence of relevant themes, followed by guided questioning. Thematic analysis of audio-recorded and transcribed interviews found that children as young as 5 years old had unique and meaningful opinions about their CHULD, of which parents were sometimes unaware. Children reported that unsolicited questions from peers caused significant stress, and this increased around the time of surgery. All children used planned responses to peers as an effective coping mechanism. Children also identified positive aspects of their difference, including an increased sense of determination and an appreciation for being unique. Strategies that may improve psychosocial outcomes for children with CHULDs are discussed. Level of evidence: IV

Organizational resilience as response to a crisis: case of COVID-19 crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bechir Mokline ◽  
Mohamed Anis Ben Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Organizational Resilience ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Face

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the contribution of organizational resilience to the capacity of companies to cope with the COVID-19 crisis in a real organizational context through an empirical study of 16 Tunisian companies affected by the crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a qualitative study based on 16 semi-structured interviews to describe better the functioning of the processes of resilience in a real organizational context.FindingsThe real contribution consists in confirming a positive contribution of resilience to resistance in the face of the COVID-19 crisis in a Tunisian context through exceptional measures that have not previously been adopted by the companies concerned by this study.Originality/valueThe authors believe that they are the first to study the theme of resilience as a resistance mechanism in the face of the COVID-19 crisis in a Tunisian context. From this comes the originality of the research.

Mothers’ Perspectives on Effective Assistance With Breastfeeding Problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Mahurin-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Face ◽  
Breastfeeding Problems ◽  
Face Support

Purpose: This qualitative study investigated maternal views on effective support strategies in the face of breastfeeding difficulties.Methods: In semistructured interviews, 15 women who had encountered breastfeeding problems reflected on their experiences.Results: Participants reported that managing breastfeeding problems was complex and that the level of provider competence in addressing these difficulties was variable. Social media emerged as a highly prevalent source of support among women facing breastfeeding problems.Discussion: Virtual and face-to-face support strategies are compared; implications for providers are reviewed.

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