scholarly journals An Investigation Into the Livelihoods Strategies of Informal Women Traders in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Takaza ◽  
Chipo Chitereka
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Approach ◽  
Flea Markets ◽  
And Control

Abstract This article investigated the livelihoods strategies used by various informal women traders doing business in the Hare Business Districts of the Harare Province. The study was informed by the Sustainable Livelihood Approach proffered by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency Division (SIDA, 2001) for Policy and Socio-Economic Analysis. A quantitative and qualitative research design was utilized and data was gathered through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and direct observations during transect walks. The objectives of the study was to; identify micro-credit schemes used by the informal women traders doing business at flea markets, explore the livelihoods of microcredit schemes as pathways towards poverty eradication and finally determine possible interventions and sustainable strategies that could be used for the informal women traders. The study revealed that women informal traders engaged in diverse activities for sustainable livelihoods strategies that eradicate poverty. Numerous informal women traders face staid livelihoods challenges, resulting in them living in dire poverty. The study calls on Government and financing institutions to finance them for local empowerment as well as gain access and control of available livelihoods resources in a meaningful way. Thus comprehensive policy interventions and sustainable strategies would enable informal women traders doing business at flea markets to eradicate poverty in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals An Investigation Into The Livelihoods Strategies Of Informal Women Traders In Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Takaza ◽  
Chipo Chitereka
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Flea Markets ◽  
Flea Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gain Access

Abstract This article investigated the livelihoods strategies of informal women traders doing business at flea markets in Zimbabwe. The study was conducted in Harare Province at a flea market near the Harare Central Business District. The study was informed by the Sustainable Livelihood Approach proffered by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency Division (SIDA, 2001) for Policy and Socio-Economic Analysis. A qualitative design was utilised and data was gathered through interviews, focus group discussions and observations during transect walks. The specific objectives of the study included the following; to discover micro credit schemes used by the informal women traders doing business at this particular flea market, to explore the impact of microcredit schemes as pathways towards poverty eradication amongst informal women traders; to examine the survival and coping challenges experienced by women doing business under socio-economic environment hardships and finally, to determine possible interventions and sustainable strategies that could be used to out-scale and throw a lifeline to the informal women traders. The study revealed that while women informal traders engaged in diverse activities for their sustainable livelihoods strategies that eradicate poverty, vast majority of informal women traders encountered numerous challenges, resulting in them employing unpleasant survival and tough coping techniques. The study concluded that if financing institutions and Non Governmental Organizations could give them small funds for capacity building for local empowerment; this would help them to gain access and control of their sustainable livelihoods resources in a meaningful way. The study is therefore proposing sound policy interventions and sustainable strategies that could be used to empower informal women traders doing business at flea markets for them to gain access and full control over livelihoods resources in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals KAZAKHSTAN’S NUCLEAR GOVERNANCE AS A FOREIGN POLICY ASSET

2022 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
K. Velichkov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Free Zone ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Enriched Uranium ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Kazakhstan’s nonproliferation initiatives are recognized worldwide. Kazakhstan is a party to almost all major nuclear treaties, a key driver in the creation of a Central Asian nuclear-weapon-free zone, initiated the Universal Declaration on Building a World Free of Nuclear Weapons, established a low-enriched uranium bank under the auspices of the IAEA in Ust-Kamenogorsk to be used for peaceful purposes in the event of a disruption in the supply of fuel for nuclear power plants.While the foreign policy acts of Kazakhstan in non-proliferation are well known and internationally appreciated, the transfer of Kazakh experience in the governance of the nuclear sector is lesser known asset. For example, the experience of the Committee for Atomic and Energy Supervision and Control and KAZATOMPROM in uranium mining and transport was shared with countries from the Southern African Development Community, under an EU project, implemented by the International Science and Technology Center. This example reveals the great potential this themes have for the further input of Kazakhstan in international development cooperation.

TICAD: The Context of Japan’s Development Aids to Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayokunle Olumuyiwa Omobowale
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
And Control

Most of the discourse on development aid in Africa has been limited to assistance from Western countries and those provided by competing capitalist and socialist blocs during the Cold war era. Japan, a nation with great economic and military capabilities; its development assistance for Africa is encapsulated in the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) initiative. The TICAD started in 1993 and Japan has so far held 5 TICAD meetings between 1993 and 2013 during which Africa’s development challenges and Japan’s development assistance to the continent were discussed. The emphasis on “ownership”, “self-help” and “partnership” are major peculiar characteristics of Japan’s development aid that puts the design, implementation and control of development projects under the control of recipient countries. This is a major departure from the usual practice in international development assistance where recipient countries are bound by clauses that somewhat puts the control of development aid in the hands of the granting countries. Such binding clauses have often been described as inimical to the successful administration of the aids and development in recipient countries. Though Japan’s development aid to Africa started only in 1993, by the 2000s, Japan was the topmost donor to Africa. This paper examines the context of Japan’s development aid to Africa by analyzing secondary data sourced from literature and secondary statistics.

A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA ECOLOGIA POLÍTICA E DO SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS APPROACH NOS ESTUDOS AMBIENTAIS NO MEIO RURAL DO BRASIL: UM OLHAR SOBRE OS REASSENTADOS DE PETROLÂNDIA

GEOgraphia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (40) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Guilherme José Ferreira Araújo ◽  
Edvânia Torres Aguiar Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Approach

A ecologia política e o sustainable livelihood approach são respectivamente abordagens teórica e metodológica voltadas para o debate sobre temas relacionados a desigualdade social e o estabelecimento de metas para o combate à pobreza. Ambas são recentes no campo da pesquisa científica. A ecologia política foi germinada no período das grandes conferências ambientais da ONU e o sustainable livelihood approach foi concebido durante a década de 1980 com vistas a entender os principais fatores que contribuem com a pobreza em áreas rurais de países africanos.  Este artigo tem o objetivo de desenvolver uma aproximação teórica entre as abordagens estudadas e dessa forma contribuir com as discussões sobre as desigualdades no acesso aos recursos naturais e os desdobramentos para a pequena produção agrícola no Brasil. Para o estabelecimento deste trabalho foi realizado um amplo levantamento bibliográfico para identificar os pontos que unem a teoria da ecologia política e a prática metodológica do sustainable livelihood approach. Em seguida foram elencados os principais problemas identificados nas pesquisas de campo em Petrolândia e estabelecida relações com as abordagens em questão.  Neste quesito foram analisados pequenos produtores de coco dos Perímetros Irrigados de Apolônio Sales e Icó-Mandantes. Nesses perímetros encontram-se agricultores com diferentes contextos socioeconômicos, porém com a mesma origem de reassentamento e subsídio estatal. Todos são oriundos de uma transferência forçada em função da construção da Usina Hidrelétrica Luiz Gonzaga. Neste sentido, o estudo pretende iniciar um debate sobre as principais razões dessas diferenças e visualizar prováveis soluções.     

Delegation and Control Revisited

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Honig
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
International Development ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Country Ownership ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Workplace Experience ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces the relationship between political authorizing environments, international development organization (IDO) management, and IDO field agents, drawing on the empirics presented in chapters 6 and 7. It digs into the experience of working for USAID as compared to DFID. It also extends the discussion of delegation to implementing contractors and brings this book’s theorizing of Navigation by Judgment into conversation with other foreign aid solutions aimed at incorporating local knowledge, such as establishing country offices or ensuring projects have country ownership. This chapter connects Part II’s empirics more tightly to the mechanisms theorized in Part I , particularly the role of authorizing environment insecurity and the need to “manage up” (Chapter 4) and their implications for the workplace experience of agents (Chapter 3) and the entry and exit of personnel.

scholarly journals The Role of Donor Agencies in Promoting Standardized Project Management in the Spanish Development Non-Government Organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Agustín Moya-Colorado ◽  
Nina León-Bolaños ◽  
José L. Yagüe-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
International Development ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Donor Agencies

Project management is an autonomous discipline that is applied to a huge diversity of activity sectors and that has evolved enormously over the last decades. International Development Cooperation has incorporated some of this discipline’s tools into its professional practice, but many gaps remain. This article analyzes donor agencies’ project management approaches in their funding mechanisms for projects implemented by non-governmental organizations. As case study, we look at the Spanish decentralized donor agencies (Spanish autonomous communities). The analysis uses the PM2 project management methodology of the European Commission, as comparison framework, to assess and systematize the documentation, requirements, and project management tools that non-governmental organizations need to use and fulfill as a condition to access these donors’ project funding mechanisms. The analysis shows coincidence across donors in the priority given to project management areas linked to the iron triangle (scope, cost, and time) while other areas are mainly left unattended. The analysis also identifies industry-specific elements of interest (such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals) that need to be incorporated into project management practice in this field. The use of PM2 as benchmark provides a clear vision of the project management areas that donors could address to better support their non-governmental organization-implemented projects.

scholarly journals Livelihood Improvement through Agroforestry Compared to Conventional Farming System: Evidence from Northern Irrigated Plain, Pakistan

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Shahzad Ahmad ◽  
Zhang Caihong ◽  
E. M. B. P. Ekanayake
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
International Development ◽  
Natural Capital ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Livelihood Improvement

The concept of sustainable livelihood garnered a prominent status in humanitarian and international development organizations that aim to calculate and build a livelihood for agroforestry farmers. However, it is difficult to measure and analyze as well as visualize the data of livelihood improvement from agroforestry (AF). This paper comparatively assessed 400 smallholder farmers’ livelihood through AF and conventional farming (CF) systems in the Northern Irrigated Plain of Pakistan. The findings showed that AF has a mixed impact on farmers’ livelihood capital, including human, physical, natural, financial and social capital. Specifically, AF significantly improved financial capital in terms of timber, non-timber and fuel wood income. Furthermore, the physical capital (buffalo plough, generators and sprinklers), natural capital (the extent of cultivated land and land ownership; the number of households (HHs) growing vegetables, fruit crops and medicinal crops) and social capital (the number of social groups that HHs involved and number of HHs sharing crop seeds) of AF farmer HHs were significantly improved compared to those of CF farmers. However, the results show that financial capital gain through crop income, HHs owning high-value vehicles (tractors) and farmers trust and collective activities were significantly higher in CF farmers than AF ones. Therefore, to enhance the contribution of AF to rural livelihood, advanced extension services and government involvement on research planning and implementing are needed.

An Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Measures and Sustainable Livelihood Capability of Farm Households in Rural China: A Sustainable Livelihood Approach

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Fang Su ◽  
Nini Song ◽  
Nannan Ma ◽  
Altynbek Sultanalive ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Approach ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to identify effective mechanisms for government poverty alleviation measures based on the livelihood sustainability of farm households in Southern Shaanxi province, China. The paper utilizes data from 414 farm households, collected through field observations and in-depth interviews in 24 rural communes in Qinba Mountain Area of Shaanxi province, China. Using theoretical research methods and employing the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) framework, this paper analyzes poverty alleviation measures as well as the impact of varied capital availability on sustainable livelihood. The study shows that developing local industries and governmental financial support improve the sustainable livelihood of farmers and eradicate absolute poverty. The findings of this study further indicate that there is a positive correlation between poverty alleviation measures and natural and social capital for sustainable livelihood. The paper provides empirical and quantitative evidence on alleviation of poverty, and the findings will help improve the sustainability of livelihood capability of farming households. This study suggests impactful approaches to stabilizing mechanisms for poverty alleviation in rural areas over the longer term.

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