scholarly journals Impact of Common Mental Disorders on Food Insecurity among Women in Butajira, Ethiopia: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
bilal shikur endris ◽  
Seifu Hagos Gebreyesus ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
Atalay Alem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Time Points ◽  
South Central ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Background: There is a growing body of evidence for an association between common mental disorders and food insecurity. However, since most studies have been cross-sectional, it has not been possible to differentiate the direction of the association. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of common mental disorders on food insecurity using a prospective cohort study design. Methods: The study was carried out in Butajira, south-central Ethiopia among mothers who were enrolled in the CMaMiE cohort. A total of 1815 enrolled women were evaluated for symptoms of CMD using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) at two time points; August 2012 (time 1, T1) and in August 2014 (time 2, T2). Probable CMD was defined when mothers reported six or more affirmative (yes) responses to the SRQ-20. Household food insecurity was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) in December 2017 (time 3, T3). Zero inflated negative binomial regression was used to determine the independent effects of CMDs at T1 and T2 on food insecurity score at T3. A Poisson working model was used to determine the risk of being severely food insecure associated with CMD. Results : About two thirds of women (67.0%) were living in food insecure households.The prevalence of CMD was 4.8% at T1 and 10.0% at T2 and only 1.2 % (n=22) women had CMD at both time points. After controlling for potential confounders, women with CMD at T2 only (RR=1.14; 95%CI: 1.02, 1,29) had higher HFIAS scores at T3; Women with CMD at T1 only were not significantly associated with HFIAS score at T3. Women with CMD at T1 only had 4 times higher risk of severe food insecurity (RR=3.96, 95% CI: 2.15-7.27) and women with CMD at T2 only had 2.2 times higher risk of severe food insecurity (RR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.27-3.95) at follow-up. Conclusion : Common mental disorders among mothers were prospectively associated with increased risk of household food insecurity in this rural Ethiopian population. Possible mechanisms such as increased cost for health care, lost productivity and decreased self-efficacy warrant further investigation for their potential to prevent future food insecurity.

scholarly journals Food insecurity and common mental disorders in perinatal women living in low socio-economic settings in Cape Town, South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfa Abrahams ◽  
Crick Lund
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Perinatal Women

Abstract Objective: Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety are highly prevalent during the perinatal period, and are associated with food insecurity, domestic violence and lack of social support. This study explores the relationship between household food insecurity, mental health status and several adverse social and economic factors experienced by perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design: Cohort study, using telephonic interviews at two time-points, three months apart. Logistic regression analysis was used to model the associations of several baseline risk factors with the occurrence of household food insecurity at follow-up as the outcome.Setting: Midwife obstetric units or basic antenatal care units in Cape Town, South Africa.Participants: The sample comprised of 880 perinatal women at baseline and 660 women at follow-up. Results: At baseline 23% were pregnant, 54% were unemployed, 13% had a probable CMD, 43% were severely food insecure and 21% experienced domestic abuse in the past year. Of the 660 women interviewed at follow-up, 71% were unemployment, 3.5% were pregnant, 7% had a probable CMD, and 32% were severely food insecure. In the multivariate regression model, after controlling for ethnicity, number of children, being HIV-infected, and having a planned pregnancy, the odds of being food insecure were greater in women who were unemployed (OR=1.88; p=0.001) or had probable CMD (OR=2.20; p=0.019) at baseline. Conclusions: This study highlights a range of socio-demographic and mental health related variables that predict food insecurity among perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals The association of household food insecurity and HIV infection with common mental disorders among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Botswana

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Mbatshi Dima ◽  
Ari Ho-Foster ◽  
Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽  
Chawangwa Modongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Objective: To determine the association between food insecurity and HIV infection with depression and anxiety among new tuberculosis (TB) patients. Design: Our cross-sectional study assessed depression, anxiety and food insecurity with Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Zung Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale (ZUNG) and Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, respectively. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to examine correlates of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) and anxiety (ZUNG ≥ 36). Setting: Gaborone, Botswana. Participants: Patients who were newly diagnosed with TB. Results: Between January and December 2019, we enrolled 180 TB patients from primary health clinics in Botswana. Overall, 99 (55·0 %) were HIV positive, 47 (26·1 %), 85 (47·2 %) and 69 (38·5 %) indicated depression, anxiety and moderate to severe food insecurity, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, food insecurity was associated with a higher prevalence of depression (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 2·30; 95 % CI 1·40, 3·78) and anxiety (aPR = 1·41; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·91). Prevalence of depression and anxiety was similar between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected participants. Estimates remained comparable when restricted to HIV-infected participants. Conclusions: Mental disorders may be affected by food insecurity among new TB patients, regardless of HIV status.

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence, common mental disorders and household food insecurity: an analysis using path analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 2965-2974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leite de Moraes ◽  
Emanuele Souza Marques ◽  
Michael Eduardo Reichenheim ◽  
Marcela de Freitas Ferreira ◽  
Rosana Salles-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Household Food

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the direct and indirect associations between psychological and physical intimate partner violence and the occurrence of common mental disorders (CMD) and how they relate to the occurrence of household food insecurity (HFI).DesignThis was a population-based cross-sectional study. Intimate partner violence was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) and HFI was assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The propositional analytical model was based on a review of the literature and was tested using path analysis.SettingDuque de Caxias, Greater Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (April–December 2010).SubjectsWomen (n 849) who had been in a relationship in the 12 months preceding the interview.ResultsBoth psychological and physical violence were found to be major risk factors of HFI. Psychological violence was associated with HFI indirectly via physical violence and CMD, and directly by an unidentified path. The effects of physical violence seemed to be manifested exclusively through CMD. Most of the variables in the propositional model related to socio-economic position, demographic characteristics, degree of women’s social support and partner alcohol misuse were retained in the ‘final’ model, indicating that these factors contribute significantly to the increased likelihood of HFI.ConclusionsThe results reinforce the importance of considering domestic violence and other psychosocial aspects of family life when implementing interventions designed to reduce/eradicate HFI.

scholarly journals The association of household food insecurity and HIV infection with common mental disorders among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Botswana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Mbatshi Dima ◽  
Ari Ho-Foster ◽  
Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽  
Chawangwa Modongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Objective: To determine the association between food insecurity and HIV-infection with depression and anxiety among new tuberculosis patients. Design: Our cross-sectional study assessed depression, anxiety, and food insecurity with Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9), Zung Anxiety Self-Assessment Scale (ZUNG), and Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, respectively. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used to examine correlates of depression (PHQ9 ≥ 10) and anxiety (ZUNG ≥ 36). Setting: Gaborone, Botswana. Participants: Patients who were newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. Results: Between January and December 2019, we enrolled 180 TB patients from primary health clinics in Botswana. Overall, 99 (55.0%) were HIV-positive, 47 (26.1%), 85 (47.2%), and 69 (38.5%) indicated depression, anxiety, and moderate to severe food insecurity, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, food insecurity was associated with a higher prevalence of depression (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40, 3.78) and anxiety (aPR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.91). Prevalence of depression and anxiety were similar between HIV-infected and -uninfected participants. Estimates remained comparable when restricted to HIV-infected participants. Conclusions: Mental disorders may be affected by food insecurity among new tuberculosis patients, regardless of HIV status.

scholarly journals Impact of maternal common mental disorders on child educational outcomes at 7 and 9 years: a population-based cohort study in Ethiopia

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e018916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Mekonnen ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Atalay Alem ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
South Central ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Academic Year

ObjectivesTo examine the association between exposure to maternal common mental disorders (CMD) in preschool and early school age children and subsequent child educational outcomes.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingThe study was undertaken in the Butajira health and demographic surveillance site (HDSS), a predominantly rural area of south central Ethiopia.ParticipantsInclusion criteria are women aged between 15 and 49 years, able to speak Amharic, in the third trimester of pregnancy and resident of the HDSS. 1065 women were recruited between July 2005 and February 2006 and followed up. When the average age of children was 6.5 years old, the cohort was expanded to include an additional 1345 mothers and children who had been born in the 12 months preceding and following the recruitment of the original cohort, identified from the HDSS records. Data from a total of 2090 mother–child dyads were included in the current analysis.MeasuresMaternal CMD was measured when the children were 6–7 (6/7) and 7–8 (7/8) years old using the Self-reporting Questionnaire, validated for the setting. Educational outcomes (dropout) of the children at aged 7/8 years (end of 2013/2014 academic year) were obtained from maternal report. At age 8/9 years (end of 2014/2015 academic year), educational outcomes (academic achievement, absenteeism and dropout) of the children were obtained from school records.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, exposure to maternal CMD at 7/8 years was associated significantly with school dropout (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.13, P=0.043) and absenteeism (incidence rate ratio 1.01; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.02 P=0.026) at the end of 2014/2015 academic year. There was no association between maternal CMD and child academic achievement.ConclusionFuture studies are needed to evaluate whether interventions to improve maternal mental health can reduce child school absenteeism and dropout.

scholarly journals Child Dietary Diversity, Household Food Insecurity, Child Stunting and Maternal Mental Health Symptoms in Vakinankaratra, Madagascar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Christine Walters ◽  
Joel Komakech ◽  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Barbara Stoecker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Child Stunting ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to determine the association between child dietary diversity, household food insecurity, child stunting, and maternal mental health symptoms in the Vakinankaratra region of Madagascar. Methods This cross-sectional study included 391 mother-child dyads. The World Health Organization (WHO) standards were used for defining child dietary diversity and child stunting and the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used for food insecurity scores. Maternal symptoms of common mental disorders were assessed using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), which was translated into Malagasy and pre-tested; a cutoff of seven was used to indicate the occurrence of symptoms of common mental disorders. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models adjusted for strata, cluster, and confounding variables were conducted with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results More than half (56.8%) of the mothers reported symptoms of common mental disorders and more than half of the children (69.4%) were stunted. The mean HFIAS score was 10.3 (±5.6) and mean child dietary diversity score was 3.0 (±1.31). Symptoms of common mental disorders were significantly associated with child dietary diversity score in the bivariate analysis but became nonsignificant in the final adjusted model (β = –0.22, P = 0.06, R2 = 0.07). In the adjusted model, having symptoms of common mental disorders was significantly associated with higher HFIAS score (β = 3.45, P < 0.0001, R2 = 0.13) and HFIAS scores were significantly associated with having symptoms of common mental disorders (AOR = 1.31 [1.09–1.17], P < 0.0001). Maternal symptoms of common mental disorders were significantly associated with stunting (AOR = 1.68 [1.02–2.78], P < 0.05). Conclusions Maternal mental health and household food insecurity were significantly associated in this rural area of the Vakinankaratra region in Madagascar. Furthermore, assessing maternal symptoms of common mental disorders and referring mothers for mental health care appears to be an important consideration for improving child stunting in the region. Funding Sources Oklahoma State University.

Household food insecurity among people living with HIV in Sagamu, Nigeria: A preliminary study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwafolahan O Sholeye ◽  
Victor J Animasahun ◽  
Albert A Salako ◽  
Bankole K Oyewole
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: Household food insecurity has been associated with increased risk of transmission of HIV infection and poor treatment outcomes. This study therefore determined the prevalence of household food insecurity and its associated factors among people living with HIV in Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 244 adult clients accessing care and support at the teaching hospital in Sagamu, Nigeria, selected via systematic sampling. Data was collected with the aid of a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.0. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Informed consent was obtained and strict confidentiality was ensured. Results: The mean age of respondents was 38.8 ± 9.2 years; 84% of respondents were female; 69.3% were married, 12.9% had lost their partners. About 12% spent more than three-quarters of the household income on food. The prevalence of household food insecurity was 71.7%. Food insecurity was associated ( p < 0.05) with educational status; occupation; type of housing; availability of toilet facilities; benefiting from food assistance; delaying drugs to prevent hunger; skipping drugs; vegetable consumption pattern; and exchanging sex for food. Conclusion: The prevalence of household food insecurity in this study was high. Living conditions were significantly associated with food insecurity. Socio-economic conditions need to be improved, to optimize the health and food security status of people living with HIV in Sagamu.

scholarly journals Life Beyond the Home: Nutritional, Occupational, Social and Environmental Predictors of Common Mental Disorders Among Indian Mothers with 6- to 23-Month-old Infants (P11-026-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Scott ◽  
Alejandra Arrieta ◽  
Neha Kumar ◽  
Purnima Menon ◽  
Agnes Quisumbing
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Objectives The mental wellbeing of mothers with young children has been shown to positively affect child development. Little, however, is known about which factors are related to optimal maternal mental health in high poverty rural contexts where women face a broad array of challenges at multiple levels daily. Methods Data were from 1644 mother-infant pairs in five Indian states as part of the Women Improving Nutrition through Group-based Strategies study. Common mental disorders (CMD) were assessed through the 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire. We report on factors spanning nutritional (women's weight, fertility, food security, child illness), occupational (self-reported type of work, time spent in labor, domestic and caretaking activities), social (group membership, decision-making, gender attitudes, household dependents) and environmental (shocks, water, sanitation) aspects of life. Logistic regression models with district controls were used to examine associations between these factors and CMD. Results On average, women were 26 years old and their children were 15 months old. CMD was present in 262 (16%) of the mothers. Risk factors for CMD included having a failed pregnancy (AOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.01-1.93), and food insecurity (1.13, 1.07-1.20). Protective factors included being engaged in agricultural labor as a main occupation relative to being a housewife (0.20, 0.11-0.35) more time working (AOR associated with 1 more hour of work: 0.88, 0.81-0.97), higher decision-making (0.91, 0.86-0.96), group membership (non-significant trend; 0.76, 0.56-1.02), and having an improved toilet (0.51, 0.35-0.73). Conclusions In a sample of rural and mostly tribal Indian households, we found a moderate prevalence of poor mental wellbeing among mothers with young children. We also found that the determinants span a range of factors. Future research should aim to better understand the ways in which working outside the home, albeit in rigorous agricultural work, appears to protect the wellbeing of women in this context. It is plausible that agricultural work mitigates food insecurity, connects women with others and generates income, but these pathways need empirical and ethnographic examination. Funding Sources Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health.

scholarly journals Effects of family income and conditional cash transfers on household food insecurity: evidence from a longitudinal study in Northeast Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 756-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana A Palmeira ◽  
Rosana Salles-Costa ◽  
Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfers ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:Food insecurity (FI) is a challenge to policy makers worldwide, who need to understand which polices and programmes are effective at overcoming FI. The present study aimed to examine the impact of family income and conditional cash transfers on changes in household FI status in a highly vulnerable municipality in Northeast Brazil.Design:A population-based longitudinal cohort study among families in a municipality in the semi-arid area in Northeast Brazil (2011 and 2014). FI was estimated with the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale (EBIA). The effects of family income and cash transfer on changes in FI were estimated using logistic regression models and the population-attributable risk fraction.Setting:Households in Cuité, Paraíba, Brazil.Participants:Household respondents interviewed in 2011 (n 358) and 2014 (n 326).Results:There was a reduction in FI prevalence of 17·5 % across time; 24·5 % of families who were food insecure in 2011 became food secure in 2014. After adjustment, families that did not experience an increase in their total household income or a reduction in the cash transfer amount were at increased risk of persistent FI across time. If the cash transfer programme had not been in place, about 10 % of the families that switched from food insecure to food secure across time would have remained in FI instead.Conclusions:The decrease of FI occurred in an area of extreme climatic and social vulnerability. These changes were more related to the cash transfer than the increase in family income over time.

Coping through a drought: the association between child nutritional status and household food insecurity in the district of iLembe, South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Roisin E Drysdale ◽  
Urmilla Bob ◽  
Mosa Moshabela
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Household Food Insecurity ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Child Nutritional Status

Abstract Objective: To assess and compare the association between household food insecurity and child nutritional status over two time-points taking into consideration the effects of a severe drought. Design: The study used two cross-sectional household surveys during and after a severe drought, consistent with a natural experiment design. Setting: The study took place in the district of iLembe, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Participants: Households with children aged <5 years were invited to participate in the survey. Anthropometric measures were taken for the respective children in each of the participating households. Results: The results indicated that all forms of poor nutritional status increased over the two time-points, with the most significant increases being for stunting (P < 0·016) and obesity (P < 0·001). There was evidence of an association between increasing food insecurity and stunting (P < 0·003) at the end of the drought, but not wasting, underweight or overweight. The results indicated a strong link between chronic food insecurity and chronic undernutrition. The results also showed stronger evidence of an association between food insecurity and stunting for urban households (P < 0·001) compared to their rural counterparts (P < 0·019). Conclusions: The negative effects of drought appear to contribute to increased rates of child stunting through higher levels of household food insecurity. Future research should assess this relationship through longitudinal studies. Interventions aimed at improving food security may assist in reducing child malnutrition, but policymakers should consider urban–rural differences as well as climatic and environmental events.

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