scholarly journals Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions In 100 Patients Hospitalized For Covid-19: Sex Differences and Recovery Time In Real-Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Meini ◽  
Lorenzo Roberto Suardi ◽  
Michele Busoni ◽  
Anna Teresa Roberts ◽  
Alberto Fortini
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Phone Interview ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose. COVID-19 displays a variety of clinical manifestations; in pauci-symptomatic patients olfactory (OD) and gustatory dysfunctions (GD) may represent the first or only symptom. To date, literature addressing these disorders is scarce. Aim of this study is to investigate the timing of recovery from OD and GD in a real-life COVID-19 population.Methods. We followed up by a phone interview the first 100 patients discharged a month earlier from three Italian non-intensive care wards.Results. All patients were Caucasian, mean age was 65 years, 60% were males. OD and GD were early symptoms reported by 29% and 41% of patients, respectively. Among the 42 symptomatic patients, the male/female ratio was 2:1; 83% reported an almost resolved dysfunction at follow-up. The recovery rate was not significantly different between males and females. The mean duration of OD and GD was 18 and 16 days, respectively. The mean recovery time from OD or GD resulted significantly longer for females than for males (26 vs 14 days, p=0.009). Among the 42 symptomatic, the mean age of males was significantly higher than that of females (66 vs 57 years, p=0.04), while the opposite was observed in the 58 asymptomatic patients (60 vs 73 years, p=0.0018).Conclusions. Recovery from OD or GD was rapid, occurring within 4 weeks in most patients. Chemosensory dysfunctions in women was less frequent, but longer lasting. The value of our study is its focus on a significantly older population than those previously described, and to add further data on gender differences.

scholarly journals Clinical features and outcomes of adrenal schwannoma: a study of 13 cases from a single center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henghai Huang ◽  
Qijian Ding ◽  
XiaoCao Lin ◽  
DeLin Li ◽  
Jingjing Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operative Management ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Computed Tomography Imaging ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tomography Imaging ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: Adrenal schwannomas (AS) are extremely rare neoplasms. This study shares our experience regarding the diagnosis and operative management of AS. Methods: Clinical details, radiologic, laboratory, and pathologic findings as well as follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively for 13 AS patients who accepted surgery at a tertiary referral hospital in China between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2017. Results: The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 44.7 ± 13.7 years (range 19–62 years; male: female ratio, 1:1.16), of whom 7 patients had unilateral AS on the right side, and the remaining 6 on the left side. None of the cases were hormonally active. None of the 13 cases were diagnosed as AS by computed tomography imaging before the operation. Among the patients, 10 were asymptomatic. The mean preoperative size was 7.1 ± 3.2 cm (range 1.6–12.6 cm). All patients underwent surgery, with open adrenalectomy in 5 patients and laparoscopy in 8 patients. The mean tumor size on pathologic examination was 6.8 ± 3.0 cm (range 3.0–11.7 cm). The surgical specimens were confirmed by pathological examination. During a median follow-up of 60.8 ± 17.7 months, no patients showed recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: The preoperative diagnosis of AS remains difficult despite the advances in imaging examinations. After complete resection, the prognosis of AS is excellent.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cryosurgery in Patients With Sebaceous Hyperplasia of the Face

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Ataş ◽  
Müzeyyen Gönül
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Excellent Response ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Background: Cryosurgery is an effective treatment for sebaceous hyperplasia, but there have been few clinical studies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryosurgery in the treatment of sebaceous hyperplasia. Methods: Cryosurgery was performed 6 times, at 2-week intervals, with liquid nitrogen, and evaluated in 40 patients with 517 lesions ranging from 2 to 9 mm over the forehead, cheeks, and chin. All of the lesions were measured before and after the treatment. Results: The mean age of the participants was 54.7 ± 8.9 years, and the male/female ratio was 21/19 (1.1). The mean time of the disease duration was 4.2 ± 3.0 years. After 6 cooling cycles, an excellent response (76%-100%) was seen in 341 patients (65.9%), a very good response (51%-75%) was seen in 102 (19.7%), a good response (26%-50%) was seen in 57 (11.1%), a poor response (1%-25%) was seen in 15 (2.9%), and no response (0%) was seen in 2 (0.4%). Age ( P = .004) and sex ( P < .0001) were independent predictors of an excellent response. The excellent response rates were 71.4% for males, 61.8% for females, 70.4% for ages older than 55 years, and 61.8% for ages younger than 55 years. Temporary hyperpigmentation was found in 5 lesions (0.96%), and recurrence was not seen at the 4-month follow-up. Conclusions: The well-aimed and controlled used of cryosurgery is an effective method for treating significant cosmetic disfigurement in patients with sebaceous hyperplasia. It is a low-cost therapy without scarring, hypopigmentation, or recurrence.

scholarly journals Screening household members of shepherds in brucellosis endemic areas in China and reporting follow-up results of asymptomatic infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Hu ◽  
Huixin Yang ◽  
Xiangyi Zhang ◽  
Siwen Zhang ◽  
Taijun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Brucella Infection ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Asymptomatic Infections ◽  
Endemic Areas

Abstract Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by brucella, patients often show obvious clinical manifestation, however, many cases of asymptomatic brucella infection were reported. Previous scholars have described or screened the asymptomatic infection, but little attention has been paid to the results. This research focused on the short-term results in patients with asymptomatic brucella infectionMethods: 595 household members of shepherds in brucellosis endemic areas were included, all of them have questionnaires and laboratory tests. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for the cohort, 15 asymptomatic infections were included and followed-up for 18months.Results: Among 595 subjects, 34(5.7%) were asymptomatic infections, 460(77.3%) were healthy, 58patients (9.7%) were diagnosed as brucellosis, 13(2.2%) suspected cases, 19(3.2%) cured cases and 11(1.8%) unclear diagnosis. Among 15 asymptomatic infections, the median age was 34 [12, 50] years, there were 40%cases <18 years old and the male-female ratio was 1.5:1, 60% cases were farmers and herdsmen, 11(73.3%) cases had a history of possible exposure to brucella. Average follow-up time was 10.47 ± 8.47 months. A total of 7 asymptomatic infections developed into brucellosis, of which five patients turned in the first month of follow-up, one patient in the second month, and one minor case turned in the seventh month. Remaining asymptomatic infections showed negative outcomes after 7 months of follow-up, among them, SAT titer decreased in two cases, no changes in SAT titer and clinical manifestations in six cases.Conclusions: Continued exposure to brucella may be a major risk factor for asymptomatic infection turn to brucellosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Selected Outcomes of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: Yemen Cohort Retrospective Descriptive Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayada Faisal Nabih ◽  
Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh ◽  
Amrizal Muhammad Nur
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
The Mean

AbstractIn 2007, HIV treatment services were established in five main governorates out of twenty-two which resulted in low access to services and poor treatment outcomes. The main goal of this study was to evaluate and analyse the selected treatment outcomes of eight cohorts of PLHIV who were treated with cART during 2007–2014. The method used was a retrospective descriptive study of 1,703 PLHIV who initiated cART at five public health facilities. The results: Retention rate was less than 80%, male: female ratio 1.661, with a mean age of 35 years (±9.2 SD), 85% had been infected with HIV via heterosexual contact. 65% of patients presented with clinical stages 3 and 4, and 52% of them were initiated cART at a CD4 T-cell count ≤200 cells/mm. 61% of cART included Tenofovir and Efavirenz. TB treatment started for 5% of PLHIV, and 22% developed HIV-related clinical manifestations after cART initiation. 67% of PLHIV had experienced cART substitution. The mean AIDS-mortality rate was 15% and the mean LTFU rate was 16%. Conclusion: Although cART showed effectiveness in public health, mobilization of resources and formulation of better health policies are important steps toward improving access to cART and achieving the desired treatment outcomes.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAIN CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN MALES AND FEMALES WITH EARLY AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
D. G. Rumyantseva ◽  
T. V. Dubinina ◽  
A. B. Demina ◽  
A. V. Smirnov ◽  
Sh. Erdes
Keyword(s):  
Disease Duration ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Radiological Progression ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Currently, there have been a small number of works on differences between males and females with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and there have been no studies estimating a gender difference in radiographic sacroiliitis progression in axSpA.Objective: to compare the main clinical manifestations of sacroiliitis and its radiological progression in axSpA in men and women over time during a 2-year follow-up period.Subjects and methods. The investigation was conducted using the Moscow cohort from the early SpondyloArthritis (CoRSAr) study, which currently consisted of 175 patients. The analysis included 68 patients followed up for ≥2 years. Their mean age at the time of inclusion in the cohort was 28.5±5.8 years; the mean disease duration was 24.1±15.4 months. 92.6% of patients were HLA-B27-positive.Results and discussion. Among the 68 patients followed up over 2 years, there were 33 (48.5%) men and 35 (51.5%) women. At baseline, the females were older than the males (p<0.01), while the disease duration was the same and averaged about 2 years. Among the males, there were more patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) than those among the females (75.5 and 42.8%, respectively; p<0.05), and the men had a higher total score of radiological sacroiliitis (tsrSI) than the women. The level of C-reactive protein (CRP) was also higher in the men than in the women (12.8 and 4.3 mg/l, respectively; p<0.05). Two years later, AS was present in 90.9% of the males and in 60.0% of the females (p<0.05).Conclusion. Women fall ill with axSpA later than men, and the latter are more frequently observed to have HLA-B27, higher tsrSI and elevated CRP levels. Progression from non-radiological axSpa to AS was more common in men.

Analysis of Fracture Midshaft Clavicle Treated by Intramedullary Device Versus Conservative

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2615-2629
Author(s):  
Swapnil Date ◽  
Kiran Saoji ◽  
Kushal Surana
Keyword(s):  
Clavicle Fracture ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Intramedullary Device ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Clinical And Radiological Outcome ◽  
The Mean

Clavicle fractures account for about 2.6 to 4 % of all fractures. The best method to treat the displaced midshaft fracture of the clavicle remains a topic of debate. Although there is a large number of studies published about this topic, it is still relatively unknown as to which modality provides better long term functional outcomes and low complications rates. In our study, we have analyzed midshaft clavicle fracture treated with intramedullary device versus conservatively in terms of clinical, functional and radiological outcomes. The mean age of the patients in our study was 35.766 years. Male: Female ratio was 5.0:1.0.  The mean time interval between injury and intervention was 2.1 days. Out of 30 patients, 11 patients (36.666%) had left sided fractures, while 19 patients (63.333%) had right sided fractures. Out of 30 patients, 12 patients (40%) had type 2B1 fracture according to Robinson's classification, followed by type 11 patients (36.666%) type 2B2, 6 patients (20%) type 2A1 and 1 patient (3.333%) type 2A2 fracture. Inoperative group, the mean Constant and Murley score before the intervention, at 1 month follow up, 3 months follow up and at 6 months follow up were 47.46, 76.73, 82.8 and 90.73, while in a conservative group, it was 47.53, 71.66, 79.2 and 89.46 respectively. Inoperative group, the mean Q-DASH score before the intervention, at 1 month follow up, 3 months follow up and at 6 months follow up were 29.33, 19.33, 16.86 and 13.8, while in a conservative group, it was 31.266, 22.533, 18.8 and 15.66 respectively. The final outcome, on the basis of the final Constant and Murley score in 13 patients (43.33%), was excellent, 11 patients (36.66%) was good and 6 patients (20%) was fair. Inoperative group, complications were seen in 6 patients (40%), while in the conservative group, complications were seen in 10 patients (66.66%). Thus, the functional, clinical and radiological outcome of the patients managed surgically with an intramedullary device was significantly better when compared with patients treated conservatively.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Efficacy of Methotrexate and Sulphasalazine in Spondyloarthropathies

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
NS Afsar ◽  
MMN Khan ◽  
MMH Chowdhury ◽  
SA Haq ◽  
M Khalilur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Active Disease

Background: Spondyloarthropathies include a wide spectrum of disease. The study was conducted with the aim of observing the efficacy of SSZ and MTX in different subclasses of spondyloarthropathies and to compare the treatment response of the two drugs. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine and Rheurnatology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) between January 1999 and July 2001.A total number of one hundred twenty five patients was included in the study. Patients with active disease more than three months, regularly taking NSAIDs and not on DMARD in the last three months were included in the study. Monthly follow up of the patients was done for 6 months. Result: One hundred twenty five patients were included in this study. Male female ratio was 11.5:1. Mean age of patients was 24.17±7.15 years. The mean disease duration was 47.8±32.8 months. The present study categorized the patients into responder and non responder. Among the 78 patients in AS subclass, after completion of 6 month trial 55.6% patients in SSZ group and 39.4% patients in MTX group were categorized responder. The difference of response between drug groups was not significant (p=0.158). In the JCA subclass 81.82% in SSZ and 50% in MTX group were responder. The numbers of patient in Reiter's/Reactive Arthritis in our study were too small to make a definite comment. Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that both the SSZ and MTX are effective DMARDs for spondyloarthropathies. Statistical analysis did not prove superiority of one drug over another, though the response rates were numerically higher in SSZ group. TAJ 2011; 24(1): 43-47

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Ivermectin as add-on Therapy in COVID-19 Management (Pilot Trial)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiq I. Gorial ◽  
Sabeeh Mashhadani ◽  
Hend M Sayaly ◽  
Basim Dhawi Dakhil ◽  
Marwan M AlMashhadani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Measuring Time ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Background: To date no effective therapy has been demonstrated for COVID-19. In vitro, studies indicated that ivermectin (IVM) has antiviral effect. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of ivermectin (IVM) as add-on therapy to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZT) in treatment of COVID-19. Methods: This Pilot clinical trial conducted on hospitalized adult patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 diagnosed according to WHO interim guidance. Sixteen Patients received a single dose of IVM 200Mcg /kg on admission day as add on therapy to hydroxychloroquine ( HCQ)and Azithromycin (AZT) and were compared with 71 controls received HCQ and AZT matched in age, gender, clinical features, and comorbidities. The primary outcome was percentage of cured patients, defined as symptoms free to be discharged from the hospital and 2 consecutive negative PCR test from nasopharyngeal swabs at least 24 hours apart. The secondary outcomes were time to cure in both groups and evaluated by measuring time from admission of the patient to the hospital till discharge. Results: Of 87 patients included in the study,t he mean age ± SD (range) of patients in the IVM group was similar to controls [44.87 ± 10.64 (28-60) vs 45.23 ± 18.47 (8-80) years, p=0.78] Majority of patients in both groups were male but statistically not significant [11(69%) versus 52 (73%), with male: female ratio 2.21 versus 2.7-, p=0.72) All the patients of IVM group were cured compared with the controls [ 16 (100 %) vs 69 (97.2 %)]. Two patients died in the controls. The mean time to stay in the hospital was significantly lower in IVM group compared with the controls (7.62 ±2.75 versus 13.22 ±.90 days, p=0.00005, effect size= 0.82). No adverse events were observed Conclusions : Add-on use of IVM to HCQ and AZT had better effectiveness, shorter hospital stay, and relatively safe compared with controls. however, a larger prospective study with longer follow up may be needed to validate these results.

CLINICAL FEATURES, INDICATIONS AND RESULT OF TRACHEOTOMY

2017 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Duc Luu Ngo ◽  
Tu The Nguyen ◽  
Manh Hung Ho ◽  
Thanh Thai Le
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Tube Obstruction ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Level I

Background: This study aims to survey some clinical features, indications and results of tracheotomy at Hue Central Hospital and Hue University Hospital. Patients and method: Studying on 77 patients who underwent tracheotomy at all of departments and designed as an prospective, descriptive and interventional study. Results: Male-female ratio was 4/1. Mean age was 49 years. Career: farmer 44.2%, worker 27.2%, officials 14.3%, student 7.8%, other jobs 6.5%. Respiratory condition before tracheotomy: underwent intubation 62.3%, didn’t undergo intubation 37.7%. Period of stay of endotracheal tube: 1-5 days 29.2%, 6-14 days 52.1%, >14 days 18.7%. Levels of dyspnea before tracheotomy: level I 41.4%, level II 48.3%, level III 0%, 10.3% of cases didn’t have dyspnea. Twenty cases (26%) were performed as an emergency while fifty seven (74%) as elective produces. Classic indications (37.7%) and modern indications (62.3%). On the bases of the site, we divided tracheostomy into three groups: high (0%), mid (25.3%) and low (74.7%). During follow-up, 44 complications occurred in 29 patients (37.7%). Tracheobronchitis 14.3%, tube obstruction 13%, subcutaneous empysema 10.4%, hemorrhage 5%, diffcult decannulation 5.2%, tube displacement 3.9%, canule watery past 2.6%, wound infection 1.3%. The final result after tracheotomy 3 months: there are 33 patients (42.9%) were successfully decannulated. In the 33 patients who were successfully decannulated: the duration of tracheotomy ranged from 1 day to 90 days, beautiful scar (51.5%), medium scar (36.4%), bad scar (12.1%). Conclusions: In tracheotomy male were more than female, adult were more than children. The main indication was morden indication. Tracheobronchitis and tube obstruction were more common than other complications. Key words: Tracheotomy

Aflibercept in real-life for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration using a treat and extend protocol: The Armada study

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110057
Author(s):  
Pierre Gascon ◽  
Prithvi Ramtohul ◽  
Charles Delaporte ◽  
Sébastien Kerever ◽  
Danièle Denis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Treat And Extend ◽  
Treatment Interval ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To report the visual and anatomic outcomes in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients treated with aflibercept under a standardized Treat and Extend (T&E) protocol for up to 3 years of follow-up in “real-life” practice. Methods: This retrospective, observational, multicenter study included patients with treatment-naïve nAMD and at least 12 months of follow-up. T&E regimen adjustment was initiated after loading phase. At each visit best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography parameters were performed. Results: One hundred and thirty-six eyes of 115patients had at least 1 year of follow-up with 114 and 82 eyes completing at least 2 and 3 years of follow-up, respectively (mean follow-up duration: 2.7 ± 1.3 years). Mean age was 78.6 ± 8.6 years old and 52% were women. Mean BCVA increased from 60.6 ± 18.7 letters at diagnosis to 66.9 ± 16.2 letters at 1 year (+6.3 letters, p = 0.003) and remained stable throughout the follow-up period (63.1 ± 20.3 letters (+2.5, p = 0.1) and 64.0 ± 20.1 letters (+3.4, p = 0.27) at 2 and 3 years, respectively). The mean central retinal thickness decreased significantly from 358.2 ± 87.9 µm at baseline to 302 ± 71.7 µm at 12 months and maintained stable after 36 months of follow-up (297.1 ± 76 µm, p < 0.0001). Mean number of injections was 6.6 ± 2.2, 4.8 ± 1.9, and 5.6 ± 1.7 at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Mean cumulative number of 16.4 ± 5.6 injections after 3 years. Mean treatment interval was 6.8 ± 2.5 weeks at 1 year. Eight-week and 12-week treatment interval were achieved in 59.5% and 19.1%, 65.8%, and 36.8% and 69.5% and 41.5% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that intravitreal injections of aflibercept initiated under a standardized T&E for patients with treatment-naïve nAMD allow for significant visual improvement at 12 months, which was maintained over a 3-year follow-up period.

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