scholarly journals Association of Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic Dysfunction With Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seogsong Jeong ◽  
Yun Hwan Oh ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Jooyoung Chang ◽  
Sung Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
National Health ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cvd Risk

Abstract Background/purpose: Metabolic dysfunction (MD)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is new clearer nomenclature with positive diagnostic criteria on the basis of hepatic steatosis and MD, involving exclusion criteria for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 333,389 participants who received health examination between 2009 and 2010 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Hepatic steatosis was defined using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey-derived NAFLD scoring system. Participants were followed over 5-6 years from the index date of health examination to 31 December 2015 for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The Cox proportional hazards regression was adopted to determine adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD according to the presence of hepatic steatosis, MD, and MAFLD.Results: This study included 179,437 men and 153,952 women with a median age of 57 years. Hepatic steatosis with MD (aHR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.89-2.13) and without MD (aHR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.54) significantly increased the risk of CVD compared to no steatosis without MD (reference). However, steatosis revealed no significant difference in the risk of CVD compared to no steatosis among participants with one metabolic dysfunction (aHR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.91-1.30). In participants with steatosis, the presence of one and ≥2 metabolic dysfunctions had aHR of 1.25 (95% CI, 0.87-1.79) and 1.71 (95% CI, 1.22-2.41) compared to no MD, respectively.Conclusion: MAFLD was significantly associated with increased CVD risk and had better predictive performance for CVD risk compared to hepatic steatosis or metabolic dysfunction alone.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Health Metrics in the Development and Regression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Eun-Hee Jang ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Seungho Ryu ◽  
Seolhye Kim ◽  
Young Hwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nafld Fibrosis Score

Cardiovascular Health (CVH) metrics scores are associated with cardiovascular disease but whether CVH scores are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is uncertain. Our aim was to investigate associations between CVH scores and development or regression of NAFLD. A cohort study was performed in Korean adults who underwent a comprehensive health examination. The CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 metrics, ranging from 0 (all metrics considered unhealthy) to 7 (all metrics considered healthy). Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasound, and liver fibrosis assessed using NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). Among 93,500 participants without NAFLD or fibrosis at baseline, 15,899 developed NAFLD, and 998 developed NAFLD plus intermediate/high NFS. Healthy CVH metrics were inversely associated with NAFLD and also NAFLD with fibrosis. In time-dependent models after updating the CVH score and confounders as time-varying covariate, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD plus intermediate/high NFS participants with CVH metrics score 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6–7 to those with score 0–1 were 0.86 (0.59–1.25), 0.51 (0.36–0.73), 0.44 (0.31–0.62), 0.20 (0.14–0.29) and 0.09 (0.05–0.14), respectively. Regression of NAFLD occurred in 9742/37,517 participants who had NAFLD at baseline with positive association with CVH metrics. Higher CVH scores were significantly associated with both (a) decreased incidence of NAFLD, and (b) regression of existing NAFLD. Promoting adherence to ideal CVH metrics can be expected to reduce the burden of NAFLD as well as cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Fatty Liver Index as a Simple and Useful Predictor for 10-year Cardiovascular Disease Risks Determined by Framingham Risk Score in the General Korean Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226
Author(s):  
Tae-Ha Chung ◽  
Jong-Koo Kim ◽  
Ji-Hye Kim ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Framingham Risk Score ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Fatty Liver Index ◽  
Framingham Risk

Background and Aims: The fatty liver index (FLI) is a simple and non-invasive method for the diagnosis of fatty liver disease with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as liver-related mortality. We examined the association between FLI and 10-year CVD risk as determined by the Framingham risk score. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 7,240 individuals aged 30 to 69 years who underwent a health examination between 2015 and 2017. The FLI was calculated using an algorithm based on triglyceride, γ-glutamyltransferase, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess independent relationships between the FLI and Framingham risk score after adjusting for confounding variables. Results: The overall prevalence of fatty liver disease among study participants as assessed by an FLI ≥ 60 was 19.7%. Compared with non-hepatic steatosis (FLI < 30), the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for a high Framingham 10-year CVD risk ≥ 10% in individuals with hepatic steatosis (FLI ≥ 60) was 2.56 (1.97–3.33) after adjusting for age, gender, fasting plasma glucose, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, regular exercise, alcohol-drinking, and current smoking. Conclusions: The FLI was positively and independently associated with a Framingham 10-year CVD risk in the general Korean population. Our findings suggest that the FLI, a simple, useful, and economical index, may be an indicator of CVD events.

scholarly journals The prevalence of hepatic steatosis and metabolic associated fatty liver disease among breast cancer survivors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Tian ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Ren-hua Li ◽  
Liang Ran ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

Abstract Background and aimsAn international expert consensus statement was released on 2020 that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) should be replaced by metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and hepatic steatosis (HS) is fundamental for the diagnosis of MAFLD in the new set of criteria. While female breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor and shares the same risk factors with HS and MAFLD, but their prevalence in breast cancer survivors (BCS) is unknown. Herein, we employed the liver ultrasound elastography (USE), a more sensitive detector for HS diagnosis, to explore the more accurate prevalence of HS and MAFLD among BCS.MethodA total of 263 BCS with conventional liver ultrasonography (US) and USE tests, followed up in the clinic of the Breast Cancer Center of Chongqing, as well as age and sex matching controls (1:10) with US test, from 135,436 healthcare population in the Quality Control Center of Health Examination of Chongqing of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, were enrolled. Both US and USE were implemented to diagnose HS. Afterwards the anthropology information and relative laboratory test results were collected to estimate the prevalence of MAFLD based on USE and US according to the 2020 international consensus.ResultsThe prevalence of HS detected by US in BCS was significantly higher than that in healthcare population (41.8% vs. 22.4%, P<0.001), and it rose to 69.6% when the BCS were screened by USE. Accordingly, the prevalence of MAFLD based on US in BCS was also significantly higher than that in healthcare population (39.5% vs. 21.2%, P<0.001) and it rose to 63.5% when the BCS were screened by USE. The prevalence of HS and MAFLD based on US in elderly BCS (≥60 yr) were obviously higher than those in healthcare population (56.7% & 56.7 % vs. 31.3% & 30.7%, P<0.001), respectively, and they rose to 80.0% and 73.3%, respectively when the BCS were screened by USE.ConclusionHS and MAFLD prevail in breast cancer survivors, especially in most of the elderly breast cancer survivors (≥60 yr). Their prevalence are much higher than in the general population. Early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HS and MAFLD in breast cancer survivors should be implemented.

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Novel Nonhuman Primate Model of Age-Related Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A287-A288
Author(s):  
Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees ◽  
Juan Pablo Palavicini ◽  
Xianlin Han ◽  
Adam Salmon ◽  
Amrita Kamat
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Lipid Species

Abstract The objective of the proposed study is to investigate the feasibility of the marmoset as an animal model to study age-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This chronic liver disease includes a spectrum of disorders ranging from increased triglyceride accumulation in the liver or hepatic steatosis to the more severe inflammatory form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis that can lead to cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma in individuals who do not have a history of alcohol abuse. Aging increases the prevalence of NAFLD and is strongly associated with the progression and severity of this disease. End-stage hepatic failure and liver cancer resulting from advanced NAFLD are leading indications for liver transplantation enhancing the burden on our healthcare systems. Accumulating clinical evidence also suggests that patients with NAFLD have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the development and progression of NAFLD are poorly understood and as such, there is a lack of effective therapies. The common marmoset is a relatively short-lived non-human primate that recapitulates many of the physiological changes that occur in human aging. We hypothesized an age-associated increase in hepatic steatosis and alterations in serum lipid profile in the marmoset model. An increase in triglyceride levels and oil red o staining in liver tissues of old marmosets compared to young animals was observed suggesting an age-associated increase in hepatic steatosis in marmosets as observed in humans. Lipidomic studies were also performed using blood samples from male and female marmosets to investigate age-associated changes in specific lipid species, which are characteristic of aberrant lipid metabolism. Analysis of the results revealed significant decreases in several phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and sphingomyelin species in the plasma of old marmosets compared to young marmosets. We are now performing studies to determine whether the observed changes in different lipid species could influence the development of cardiovascular disease and provide new insights underlying the mechanisms of NAFLD development with aging.

scholarly journals Risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with fatty liver disease as defined from the metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease point of view: a retrospective nationwide claims database study in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Yoneda ◽  
Takuma Yamamoto ◽  
Yasushi Honda ◽  
Kento Imajo ◽  
Yuji Ogawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Claims Database

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have important associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The main objective of this study was to compare the frequency of incidence rate of CVD in the NAFLD or MAFLD patients utilizing a large claims database. Methods Using the JMDC database from April 2013 to March 2019, we retrospectively analyzed data for 1,542,688 and 2,452,949 people to estimate the relationship between CVD and NAFLD, MAFLD, respectively. Results The incidence rates of CVD were 0.97 (95% CI 0.94–1.01) and 2.82 (95% CI 2.64–3.01) per 1000 person-years in the non-NAFLD and NAFLD groups, respectively, and 1.01 (95% CI 0.98–1.03) and 2.69 (95% CI 2.55–2.83) per 1000 person-years in the non-MAFLD and MAFLD groups, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) was 13.1, and 4.2%, respectively, in the non-NAFLD group and 63.6, and 20.2%, respectively, in the NAFLD group. The overall prevalenceof hypertriglyceridemia and DM was 13.6 and 4.3%, respectively, in the non-MAFLD group and 64.1, and 20.6%, respectively, in the MAFLD group. HRs for CVD increased with hypertriglyceridemia and DM. Conclusions Results indicated that incident rate of CVD increased with NAFLD/MAFLD; the complication rate of DM and hypertriglyceridemia among NAFLD/MAFLD patients is high and may affect the development of CVD.

scholarly journals Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Better Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Gut and Liver ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seogsong Jeong ◽  
Yun Hwan Oh ◽  
Seulggie Choi ◽  
Jooyoung Chang ◽  
Sung Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease
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