Revealing Oral Microbiota Composition and Functionality Associated with Heavy Cigarette Smoking.

Abstract Background: Heavy tobacco smoking, a hallmark feature of lung cancer is drastically predominant in Middle Eastern populations. The precise links between nicotine dependence and the functional contribution of the oral microbiota remain unknown in these populations. Methods: We evaluated the functional capabilities of the oral microbiota with relation to cigarette smoking in 105 adults through shotgun metagenomics. Results: The four major enterotypes initially described in westernized cohorts were retrieved in this population. Differential relative abundance testing unveiled relative abundance of Streptobacillus hongkongensis (Log2FoldChange 4.78, P. adjusted value < 0.00004), Fusobacterium massiliense (Log2FoldChange 4.63, P. adjusted value < 0.00000004), Prevotella bivia (Log2FoldChange 2.46, P. adjusted value < 0.00024) in high nicotine dependent compared to low nicotine dependent profiles based on Fagerström test for Nicotine Dependence. Functional profiling showed marked differences between smokers and non-smokers controls with an enrichment of Tricarballylate utilization (Log2FoldChange 2.52, P. adjusted value < 0.0013) and Lactate racemization (Log2FoldChange 1.003, P. adjusted value < 0.0001) among others in smokers vs . non-smokers group. According to nicotine dependence, we detected enrichment of Xanthosine utilization (Log2FoldChange 3.38, P. adjusted value < 0.00007), p-Aminobenzoyl-Glutamate utilization (Log2FoldChange 1.33, P. adjusted value < 0.00056), and Multidrug efflux pump in Campylobacter jejuni (Log2FoldChange 1.14, P. adjusted value < 0.00007) biosynthesis modules in the high nicotine dependent group. Conclusions: These differences provide a critical insight on how variations in the oral microbiota may predispose to smoke cessation relapse, serious respiratory illnesses, and lung cancer in heavy cigarette smokers. The observed enrichment of Fusobacterium and Prevotella suggest an intriguing linkage to lung and gut cancers. This information may eventually lead to the development of screening biomarkers to predict early cancer development.

Download Full-text

Revealing oral microbiota composition and functionality associated with heavy cigarette smoking

Journal of Translational Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12967-020-02579-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Tahseen Al Bataineh ◽

Nihar Ranjan Dash ◽

Mohammed Elkhazendar ◽

Dua’a Mohammad Hasan Alnusairat ◽

Islam Mohammad Ismail Darwish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Multidrug Efflux Pump ◽

Shotgun Metagenomics ◽

Lung Cancers

Abstract Background Heavy tobacco smoking, a hallmark feature of lung cancer, is drastically predominant in Middle Eastern populations. The precise links between nicotine dependence and the functional contribution of the oral microbiota remain unknown in these populations. Methods We evaluated the composition and functional capabilities of oral microbiota with relation to cigarette smoking in 105 adults through shotgun metagenomics using buccal swabs. Results The oral microbiota composition in our study subjects was dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, in addition to the genera Prevotella and Veillonella, similar to previously described westernized cohorts. Furthermore, the smoker's oral microbiota represented a significant abundance of Veillonella dispar, Leptotrichia spp. and Prevotella pleuritidis when compared to non-smokers. Within the smoking groups, differential relative abundance testing unveiled relative abundance of Streptobacillus hongkongensis, Fusobacterium massiliense, Prevotella bivia in high nicotine dependent compared to low nicotine dependent profiles based on Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Functional profiling showed marked differences between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers exhibited an enrichment of Tricarballylate utilization and Lactate racemization when compared to the non-smokers. According to their nicotine dependence, enrichment of Xanthosine utilization, p-Aminobenzoyl-Glutamate utilization, and multidrug efflux pump in Campylobacter jejuni biosynthesis modules were detected in the high nicotine dependent group. Conclusions These compositional and functional differences may provide critical insight on how variations in the oral microbiota could predispose to respiratory illnesses and smoke cessation relapse in cigarette smokers. In particular, the observed enrichment of Fusobacterium and Prevotella in the oral microbiota possibly suggests an intriguing linkage to gut and lung cancers.

Download Full-text

Revealing oral microbiota composition and functionality associated with heavy cigarette smoking.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32914/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Tahseen Albataineh ◽

Nihar Ranjan Dash ◽

Mohammed Elkhazendar ◽

Dua'a Mohammad Hasan Alnusairat ◽

Islam Mohammad Ismail Darwish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Multidrug Efflux Pump ◽

Shotgun Metagenomics ◽

Lung Cancers

Abstract Background: Heavy tobacco smoking, a hallmark feature of lung cancer, is drastically predominant in Middle Eastern populations. The precise links between nicotine dependence and the functional contribution of the oral microbiota remain unknown in these populations.Methods: We evaluated the composition and functional capabilities of oral microbiota with relation to cigarette smoking in 105 adults through shotgun metagenomics using buccal swabs. Results: The oral microbiota composition in our study subjects was dominated by the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, in addition to the genera Prevotella and Veillonella, similar to previously described westernized cohorts. Furthermore, the smoker's oral microbiota represented a significant abundance of Veillonella dispar, Leptotrichia spp., and Prevotella pleuritidis when compared to non-smokers. Within the smoking groups, differential relative abundance testing unveiled relative abundance of Streptobacillus hongkongensis, Fusobacterium massiliense, Prevotella bivia in high nicotine dependent compared to low nicotine dependent profiles based on Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. Functional profiling showed marked differences between smokers and non-smokers. Smokers exhibited an enrichment of Tricarballylate utilization and Lactate racemization when compared to the non-smokers. According to their nicotine dependence, enrichment of Xanthosine utilization, p-Aminobenzoyl-Glutamate utilization, and multidrug efflux pump in Campylobacter jejuni biosynthesis modules were detected in the high nicotine dependent group. Conclusions: These compositional and functional differences may provide critical insight on how variations in the oral microbiota could predispose to respiratory illnesses and smoke cessation relapse in cigarette smokers. In particular, the observed enrichment of Fusobacterium and Prevotella in the oral microbiota possibly suggests an intriguing linkage to gut and lung cancers.

Download Full-text

Revealing oral microbiota composition and functionality associated with heavy cigarette smoking.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32914/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Tahseen Albataineh ◽

Nihar Ranjan Dash ◽

Mohammed Elkhazendar ◽

Dua'a Mohammad Hasan Alnusairat ◽

Islam Mohammad Ismail Darwish ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Efflux Pump ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Multidrug Efflux Pump ◽

Shotgun Metagenomics ◽

Lung Cancers

Download Full-text

Cigarette smoking and oral microbiota in low-income and African-American populations

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health ◽

10.1136/jech-2019-212474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (12) ◽

pp. 1108-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yaohua Yang ◽

Wei Zheng ◽

Qiu-Yin Cai ◽

Martha J Shrubsole ◽

Zhiheng Pei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Low Income ◽

Large Population ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Former Smokers ◽

Never Smokers ◽

The Impact

BackgroundCigarette smoking is a common risk factor for diseases and cancers. Oral microbiota is also associated with diseases and cancers. However, little is known about the impact of cigarette smoking on the oral microbiota, especially among ethnic minority populations.MethodsWe investigated cigarette smoking in relationship with the oral microbiota in a large population of predominately low-income and African-American participants. Mouth rinse samples were collected from 1616 participants within the Southern Community Cohort Study, including 592 current-smokers, 477 former-smokers and 547 never-smokers. Oral microbiota was profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA gene deep sequencing.ResultsCurrent-smokers showed a different overall microbial composition from former-smokers (p=6.62×10−7) and never-smokers (p=6.00×10−8). The two probiotic genera, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, were enriched among current-smokers when compared with never-smokers, with Bonferroni-corrected p values (PBonferroni) of 1.28×10−4 and 5.89×10−7, respectively. The phylum Actinobacteria was also enriched in current-smokers when compared with never-smokers, with a median relative abundance of 12.35% versus 9.36%, respectively, and with a PBonferroni=9.11×10−11. In contrast, the phylum Proteobacteria was depleted in current smokers (PBonferroni=5.57×10−13), with the relative abundance being almost three times that of never-smokers (7.22%) when compared with that of current-smokers (2.47%). Multiple taxa within these two phyla showed differences in abundance/prevalence between current-smokers and never-smokers at PBonferroni <0.05. The differences in the overall microbial composition and abundance/prevalence of most taxa were observed among both African-Americans and European-Americans. Meanwhile, such differences were not observed between former-smokers and never-smokers.ConclusionSmoking has strong impacts on oral microbial community, which was recovered after smoking cessation.

Download Full-text

Losing the Message? Cigarette Smoking Is Prevalent and Causes Nicotine Dependence, Painful Physical Illness, and DeathLosing the Message? Cigarette Smoking Is Prevalent and Causes Nicotine Dependence, Painful Physical Illness, and Death

PsycCRITIQUES ◽

10.1037/a0004312 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5252 (22) ◽

Author(s):

Michele L. Pergadia

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Nicotine Dependence ◽

Physical Illness

Download Full-text

Investigation into Cigarette Smoking and Atmospheric Pollution in the Aetiology of Lung Cancer

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1636169 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 13-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. Doll

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Atmospheric Pollution ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Retrospective Studies ◽

Common Factor ◽

Animal Experiments ◽

Smoking Habits ◽

Careful Examination ◽

Ancillary Data

The evidence that cigarette smoking and atmospheric pcllution are causes of lung cancer is largely statistical. The first evidence was indirect; that is, i1. was noticed that in many countries the incidence of lung cancer had increased and that the increase could be correlated with changes in the prevalence of cigarette smoking and of certain types of atmospheric pollution.Since then much direct evidence has been obtained. The relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer has been demonstrated retrospectively by comparing the smoking habits of patients with and without lung cancer and prospectively by observing the mortality from lung cancer in groups of persons of known smoking habits. Conclusions can be drawn from these studies only after careful examination of the results. In particular it is important in retrospective studies to test a) the reproducibility of the data, b) the representativeness of the data, and c) the comparability of the special series and their controls. The resul1.s of retrospective studies are all similar and all show a close relationship between cigarette smoking and the disease.The results have been confirmed by pro~pective studies which are lesF. open to bias. The results can be explained if cigarette smoking causes lung cancer or if both are related to some third common factor. Ancillary data (pathological changes in the bronchial mucosa, animal experiments, etc.) support the causal hypothesis.The evidence relating to atmospheric pollution is less definite and it is difficult to get direct evidence of a relationship in the individual. It is clear that pollution has little effect in the absence of smoking, but the mortality associated with a given amount of smoking is generally greater in large towns than in the countryside and among men who have emigrated from Britain than among men who have lived all their lives in less polluted countries.

Download Full-text