Clival Metastases in Cancer Patients

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to describe clinical features, radiotherapy (RT), and symptom outcomes in cancer patients with cranial nerve palsies associated with clival metastases. Methods A retrospective record review for the period in between 2000 and 2020 was conducted for patients with primary metastatic cancers, who developed distal clival metastases, or were treated with RT at the Karmanos Cancer Institute (Detroit, Michigan). The patients’ demographics and clinical characteristics, including their symptoms and improvement of symptoms after RT are described. Results Forty-four patients were identified who met inclusion criteria. The most common primary cancers were breast cancer, prostate cancer, and multiple myeloma. Magnetic resonance images and computed tomography scans were used for the diagnosis of clival metastasis, as well as for the evaluation after RT. Thirty-two patients (73%) with clival metastases also had cervical spine metastases. Prevailing neurologic symptoms were headache, diplopia, lateral gaze paralysis, blurry vision, chin numbness, and tongue deviation. Fifteen of 23 RT-treated patients (65%) received clivus only RT, and 8 patients (35%) were given whole brain RT. Post-RT symptom improvement was observed in patients with diplopia (5/6; 83%), headache (8/10; 80%), chin numbness (2/4; 50%), blurry vision (2/5; 40%), lateral gaze deficit (2/6; 33%), and tongue deviation (1/4; 25%). Conclusions These results suggest that early detection and rigorous cranial nerve examination, in addition to RT treatment, should be considered in patients with breast cancer, prostate cancer, and multiple myeloma, who developed bone metastasis, especially cervical spine metastasis.

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Safety and Pain Palliation of Zoledronic Acid in Patients with Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, or Multiple Myeloma Who Previously Received Bisphosphonate Therapy

The Oncologist ◽

10.1634/theoncologist.9-6-687 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 687-695 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Charles L. Vogel ◽

Ronald H. Yanagihara ◽

Albert J. Wood ◽

Frederick M. Schnell ◽

Charles Henderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Zoledronic Acid ◽

Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽

Pain Palliation ◽

Cancer Prostate

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Prevalence of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Patients with Breast Cancer, Prostate Cancer, and Multiple Myeloma

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj4040032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 32 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Petra Rugani ◽

Christian Walter ◽

Barbara Kirnbauer ◽

Stephan Acham ◽

Yvonne Begus-Nahrman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽

Cancer Prostate

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Factors Associated with “Survivor Identity” in Men with Breast Cancer

Current Oncology ◽

10.3390/curroncol28030158 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 1696-1705

Author(s):

Kathryn L. Dalton ◽

Sheila N. Garland ◽

Peggy Miller ◽

Bret Miller ◽

Cheri Ambrose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Disease Type ◽

Cancer Stage ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Term Survivor ◽

Diagnosis Age ◽

Time Since Diagnosis

Cancer patients vary in their comfort with the label “survivor”. Here, we explore how comfortable males with breast cancer (BC) are about accepting the label cancer “survivor”. Separate univariate logistic regressions were performed to assess whether time since diagnosis, age, treatment status, and cancer stage were associated with comfort with the “survivor” label. Of the 70 males treated for BC who participated in the study, 58% moderately-to-strongly liked the term “survivor”, 26% were neutral, and 16% moderately-to-strongly disliked the term. Of the factors we explored, only a longer time since diagnosis was significantly associated with the men endorsing a survivor identity (OR = 1.02, p = 0.05). We discuss how our findings compare with literature reports on the comfort with the label “survivor” for women with BC and men with prostate cancer. Unlike males with prostate cancer, males with BC identify as “survivors” in line with women with BC. This suggests that survivor identity is more influenced by disease type and treatments received than with sex/gender identities.

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Lesion-Based Bone Metastasis Detection in Chest Bone Scintigraphy Images of Prostate Cancer Patients Using Pre-Train, Negative Mining, and Deep Learning

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11030518 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 518

Author(s):

Da-Chuan Cheng ◽

Te-Chun Hsieh ◽

Kuo-Yang Yen ◽

Chia-Hung Kao

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Bone Metastasis ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Bone Scintigraphy ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Location Detection ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Sensitivity

This study aimed to explore efficient ways to diagnose bone metastasis early using bone scintigraphy images through negative mining, pre-training, the convolutional neural network, and deep learning. We studied 205 prostate cancer patients and 371 breast cancer patients and used bone scintigraphy data from breast cancer patients to pre-train a YOLO v4 with a false-positive reduction strategy. With the pre-trained model, transferred learning was applied to prostate cancer patients to build a model to detect and identify metastasis locations using bone scintigraphy. Ten-fold cross validation was conducted. The mean sensitivity and precision rates for bone metastasis location detection and classification (lesion-based) in the chests of prostate patients were 0.72 ± 0.04 and 0.90 ± 0.04, respectively. The mean sensitivity and specificity rates for bone metastasis classification (patient-based) in the chests of prostate patients were 0.94 ± 0.09 and 0.92 ± 0.09, respectively. The developed system has the potential to provide pre-diagnostic reports to aid in physicians’ final decisions.

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Assessment of vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 diagnosis in patients with breast or prostate cancer using electronic medical records.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.6589 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 6589-6589

Author(s):

Aaron Galaznik ◽

Emelly Rusli ◽

Vicki Wing ◽

Rahul Jain ◽

Sheila Diamond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Electronic Medical Records ◽

Medical Records ◽

Research Database ◽

Breast Cancer Cohort ◽

Icd 10

6589 Background: While patients with cancer are known to be at increased risk of infection in part due to the immunocompromising nature of cancer treatments, recent data indicate a particularly high risk for COVID-19 infection and poor outcomes (Wang et al., 2020). A recent study (Meltzer et al., 2020) demonstrated Vitamin D deficiency may increase risk of COVID-19 infection, and a small randomized controlled trial in Spain reported significant improvement in mortality among hospitalized patients treated with calcifediol. Vitamin D deficiency has been reported in two leading causes of cancer deaths: breast and prostate. In this study, we performed a retrospective cohort analysis on nationally representative electronic medical records (EMR) to assess whether Vitamin D deficiency affects risk of COVID-19 among these patients. Methods: Patients with breast (female) or prostate (male) cancer were identified between 3/1/2018 and 3/1/2020 from EMR data provided pro-bono by the COVID-19 Research Database ( covid19researchdatabase.org ). Patients with an ICD-10 code for Vitamin D deficiency or < 20ng/mL 20(OH)D laboratory result within 12 months prior to 3/1/2020 were classified as Vitamin D deficient. COVID-19 diagnosis was defined using ICD-10 codes and laboratory results for COVID-19 at any time after 3/1/2020. Logistic regressions, adjusting for baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, were conducted to estimate the effect of Vitamin D deficiency on COVID-19 incidence in each cancer cohort. Results: A total of 16,287 breast cancer and 14,919 prostate cancer patients were included in the study. The average age was 68.9 years in the breast cancer cohort and 73.6 years in the prostate cancer cohort. The breast cancer cohort consisted of 85% Whites, 13% Black or African Americans, and less than 5% of other races. A similar race distribution was observed in the prostate cancer cohort. Unadjusted analysis showed the risk of COVID-19 was higher among Vitamin D deficient patients compared to non-deficient patients in both cohorts (breast: OR = 1.60 [95% C.I.: 1.15, 2.20]; prostate: OR = 1.59 [95% C.I.: 1.08, 2.33]). Similar findings were observed when assessed in subgroups of patients with newly diagnosed cancer in the dataset, as well as after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Conclusions: Our study suggests breast and prostate cancer patients may have an elevated risk of COVID-19 infection if Vitamin D deficient. These results support findings by Meltzer et al., 2020 demonstrating a relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 infection. While a randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm the role for Vitamin D supplementation in preventing COVID-19, our study underscores the importance of monitoring Vitamin D levels across and within cancer populations, particularly in the midst of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

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Magnetic resonance images of patients with acute isolyted cranial nerve palsies

Turkish Neurosurgery ◽

10.5137/1019-5149.jtn.24775-18.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hakan Baybora ◽

Kaya Faruk ◽

Ibrahim Kocak ◽

Yunus Karabela

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Cranial Nerve ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Cranial Nerve Palsies

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Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and extrahepatic cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16707/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shou-Sheng Liu ◽

Xue-Feng Ma ◽

Jie Zhao ◽

Shui-Xian Du ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Gastric Cancer ◽

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Colorectal Adenomas ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Esophagus Cancer ◽

Cancer Prostate

Abstract Background: NAFLD is tightly associated with various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer. Previous studies had investigated the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers, but the available data to date is not conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers comprehensively. Methods: Searches were conducted of various electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and the Cochrane Library) to identify observational studies published between 1996 and January 2020 which investigated the association between NAFLD and extrahepatic cancers. The pooled OR/HR/IRR of the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers were analyzed. Results: A total of 26 studies were included to investigate the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers. As the results shown, the pooled OR values of the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomas in patients with NAFLD were 1.72 (95%CI: 1.40-2.11) and 1.38 (95%CI: 1.22-1.56), respectively. The pooled OR values of the risk of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in patients with NAFLD were 2.40 (95%CI: 1.75-3.31) and 2.24 (95%CI: 1.58-3.17), respectively. The pooled OR value of the risk of breast cancer in patients with NAFLD was 1.68 (95%CI: 1.44-1.97). In addition, NAFLD was also tightly associatied with the risk of gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and esophagus cancer. Conclusions: NAFLD could significantly increase the development risk of colorectal adenomas and cancer, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and esophagus cancer.

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Current use of bisphosphonates in oncology. International Bone and Cancer Study Group.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1998.16.12.3890 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. 3890-3899 ◽

Cited By ~ 250

Author(s):

J J Body ◽

R Bartl ◽

P Burckhardt ◽

P D Delmas ◽

I J Diel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Bone Pain ◽

Objective Response ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Analgesic Effects ◽

Metastatic Bone Pain

PURPOSE The purpose of this article is to review the recent data on bisphosphonate use in oncology and to provide some guidelines on the indications for their use in cancer patients. DESIGN The group consensus reached by experts on the rationale for the use of bisphosphonates in cancer patients and their current indications for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia and metastatic bone pain in advanced disease and for the prevention of the complications of multiple myeloma and of metastatic bone disease are reviewed. RESULTS Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of tumor-induced osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. They now constitute the standard treatment for cancer hypercalcemia, for which we recommend a dose of 1,500 mg of clodronate or 90 mg of pamidronate; the latter compound is more potent and has a longer lasting effect. Intravenous bisphosphonates exert clinically relevant analgesic effects in patients with metastatic bone pain. Regular pamidronate infusions can also achieve a partial objective response by conventional International Union Against Cancer criteria and enhance the objective response rate to chemotherapy. In breast cancer, the prolonged administration of oral clodronate 1,600 mg daily reduces the frequency of morbid skeletal events by more than one fourth, whereas monthly pamidronate infusions of 90 mg for only 1 year in addition to chemotherapy reduce by more than one third the frequency of all skeletal-related events. The use of bisphosphonates to prevent bone metastases remains experimental. Last, bisphosphonates in addition to chemotherapy are superior to chemotherapy alone in patients with stages II and III multiple myeloma and can reduce the skeletal morbidity rate by approximately one half. CONCLUSION Bisphosphonate use is a major therapeutic advance in the management of the skeletal morbidity caused by metastatic breast cancer or multiple myeloma, although many questions remain unanswered, notably regarding the optimal selection of patients and the duration of treatment.

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Spatio-temporal mapping of breast and prostate cancers in South Iran from 2014 to 2017

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-020-07674-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mahdieh Montazeri ◽

Benyamin Hoseini ◽

Neda Firouraghi ◽

Fatemeh Kiani ◽

Hosein Raouf-Mobini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

High Risk ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Cancer Cluster ◽

Natural Break ◽

Prostate Cancers ◽

North Western

Abstract Background The most common gender-specific malignancies are cancers of the breast and the prostate. In developing countries, cancer screening of all at risk is impractical because of healthcare resource limitations. Thus, determining high-risk areas might be an important first screening step. This study explores incidence patterns of potential high-risk clusters of breast and prostate cancers in southern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the province of Kerman, South Iran. Patient data were aggregated at the county and district levels calculating the incidence rate per 100,000 people both for cancers of the breast and the prostate. We used the natural-break classification with five classes to produce descriptive maps. A spatial clustering analysis (Anselin Local Moran’s I) was used to identify potential clusters and outliers in the pattern of these cancers from 2014 to 2017. Results There were 1350 breast cancer patients (including, 42 male cases) and 478 prostate cancer patients in the province of Kerman, Iran during the study period. After 45 years of age, the number of men with diagnosed prostate cancer increased similarly to that of breast cancer for women after 25 years of age. The age-standardised incidence rate of breast cancer for women showed an increase from 29.93 to 32.27 cases per 100,000 people and that of prostate cancer from 13.93 to 15.47 cases per 100,000 during 2014–2017. Cluster analysis at the county level identified high-high clusters of breast cancer in the north-western part of the province for all years studied, but the analysis at the district level showed high-high clusters for only two of the years. With regard to prostate cancer, cluster analysis at the county and district levels identified high-high clusters in this area of the province for two of the study years. Conclusions North-western Kerman had a significantly higher incidence rate of both breast and prostate cancer than the average, which should help in designing tailored screening and surveillance systems. Furthermore, this study generates new hypotheses regarding the potential relationship between increased incidence of cancers in certain geographical areas and environmental risk factors.

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