Effects of Early-Life Exposure to Topsoil on the Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Gene Expression of Weaned Piglets

Abstract Background: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of early exposure to topsoil on the muscle fiber characteristics and transcription related myogenesis, intramuscular fat metabolism, muscle fiber types, and mTOR signaling pathway of weaned pigs.Methods: A Total of 180 piglets were separately assigned to No soil, Antibacterial soil, and Normal soil group (each group, n=60), and were fed ad libitum with common antibiotic-free corn-soybean meal diets until day-31. Ten pigs from each group with similar body weight were selected to be slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were collected for histological analysis and measurements of genes and proteins expression levels.Result: In the present study, the muscle fiber diameter and the area of Normal soil and Antibacterial soil group were significantly higher than No soil group (P < 0.05). The Normal soil significantly upregulated the gene expression of MyoG compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05). The gene expression of CD36 and CPT-1 of Normal soil group was significantly lower than No soil group (P < 0.05), while HSL expression of Normal soil group was significantly higher than Antibacterial and No soil groups (P < 0.05). The MyHC I of Normal soil group was significantly higher than No soil group (P < 0.05), but the expression MyHC IIa was lower than No soil group (P < 0.05). The protein expression expressed the similar result with gene expression. In addition, the Normal soil significantly increased the AMPK and mTOR phosphorylation compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05).Conclusion: These data suggest that early exposure to topsoil regulates the muscle fiber growth, modulates the expression pattern related to myogenesis, muscle fiber type, intramuscular fat metabolism, and increases the phosphorylation of mTOR and AMPK pathways.

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Effects of early-life exposure to topsoil on the muscle fiber characteristics and gene expression of weaned piglets

10.21203/rs.3.rs-544070/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yongjie Wang ◽

Tsung Cheng Tsai ◽

Palika Morse ◽

Shilei Zhang ◽

Charles Maxwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Fat Metabolism ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Muscle Fiber Types ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Early Exposure ◽

Soil Group ◽

Normal Soil ◽

Soil Groups

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of early exposure to topsoil on the muscle fiber characteristics and transcription related myogenesis, intramuscular fat metabolism, muscle fiber types, and mTOR signaling pathway of weaned pigs. A Total of 180 piglets were separately assigned to No soil, Antibacterial soil, and Normal soil group (each group, n=60), and were fed ad libitum with common antibiotic-free corn-soybean meal diets until day-31. Ten pigs from each group with similar body weight were selected to be slaughtered, and the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were collected for histological analysis and measurements of genes and proteins expression levels. In the present study, the muscle fiber diameter and the area of Normal soil and Antibacterial soil group were significantly higher than No soil group (P < 0.05). The Normal soil significantly upregulated the gene expression of MyoG compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05). The gene expression of CD36 and CPT-1 of Normal soil group was significantly lower than No soil group (P < 0.05), while HSL expression of Normal soil group was significantly higher than Antibacterial and No soil groups (P < 0.05). The MyHC I of Normal soil group was significantly higher than No soil group (P < 0.05), but the expression MyHC IIa was lower than No soil group (P < 0.05). The protein expression expressed the similar result with gene expression. In addition, the Normal soil significantly increased the AMPK and mTOR phosphorylation compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05). These data suggest that early exposure to topsoil regulates the muscle fiber growth, modulates the expression pattern related to myogenesis, muscle fiber type, intramuscular fat metabolism, and increases the phosphorylation of mTOR and AMPK pathways.

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PSVI-24 Effects of early-life exposure to topsoil on the muscle fiber characteristics and gene expression of weaned piglets

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.706 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 386-386

Author(s):

Yongjie Wang ◽

Tsung-Cheng Cheng Tsai ◽

Shilei Zhang ◽

Jiangchao Zhao ◽

Yan Huang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Fat Metabolism ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Early Exposure ◽

Soil Group ◽

Normal Soil ◽

Soil Groups

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to investigate the influence of early exposure to topsoil on the muscle fiber characteristics and transcription-related myogenesis, intramuscular fat metabolism, muscle fiber types, and mTOR signaling pathway of weaned pigs. A Total of 180 piglets were separately assigned to the No soil, Antibacterial soil, and Normal soil group (each group, n = 60), and were fed ad libitum with common antibiotic-free corn-soybean meal diets until day-31. Ten pigs from each group with similar body weight were selected to be slaughtered, and the Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle samples were collected for histological analysis and measurements of genes and protein expression levels. In the present study, the muscle fiber diameter and the area of the Normal soil and Antibacterial soil group were significantly higher than the No soil group (P < 0.05). The Normal soil significantly upregulated the gene expression of MyoG compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05). The gene expression of CD36 and CPT-1 of the Normal soil group was significantly lower than the No soil group (P < 0.05), while HSL expression of the Normal soil group was significantly higher than the Antibacterial and No soil groups (P < 0.05). The MyHC I of the Normal soil group was significantly higher than the No soil group (P < 0.05), but the expression MyHC IIa was lower than the No soil group (P < 0.05). The protein expression expressed a similar result with gene expression. In addition, the Normal soil significantly increased the AMPK and mTOR phosphorylation compared to No soil and Antibacterial soil groups (P < 0.05). These data suggest that early exposure to topsoil regulates muscle fiber growth, modulates the expression pattern related to myogenesis, muscle fiber type, intramuscular fat metabolism, and increases the phosphorylation of mTOR and AMPK pathways.

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Dietary Regulation of Fat Oxidative Gene Expression in Different Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types

Obesity Research ◽

10.1038/oby.2003.197 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1471-1479 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Andrew J. McAinch ◽

Jong-Sam Lee ◽

Clinton R. Bruce ◽

Rebecca J. Tunstall ◽

John A. Hawley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Skeletal Muscle Fiber ◽

Muscle Fiber Types ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Dietary Regulation

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Improvement in the carcass traits and meat quality of growing-finishing Rongchang pigs by conjugated linoleic acid through altered gene expression of muscle fiber types

Genetics and Molecular Research ◽

10.4238/2014.march.24.25 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 7061-7069 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J.X. Huang ◽

R.L. Qi ◽

X.L. Chen ◽

X.Y. You ◽

X.Q. Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Muscle Fiber Types ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Altered Gene Expression ◽

Altered Gene

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Targeted over-expression of PPARγ in pig skeletal muscle improves oxidative fiber formation and intramuscular fat deposition

10.1101/2020.06.24.168641 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Gu ◽

Ying Zhou ◽

Jinzeng Yang ◽

Jianan Li ◽

Yaxin Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Intramuscular Fat ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Fiber Formation ◽

Muscle Fiber Types ◽

Fiber Types ◽

Transgenic Pigs ◽

Proteomics Analysis ◽

Over Expression

AbstractPPARγ is a master regulator of adipogenesis and lipogenesis. To understand its roles in fat deposition and fiber formation in skeletal muscle, we successfully generated muscle-specific overexpression of PPARγ by pig cloning procedures. The content of intramuscular fat was significantly increased in PPARγ transgenic pigs while the muscle mass as lean percentage of body weight was not changed. The proteomics analysis demonstrated oxidative metabolism of fatty acids and respiratory chain were increased in PPARγ pigs. Furthermore, expressions of oxidative muscle fiber-related genes such as MyHC1 and TNNT1 were enhanced. CAMK2, MEF2 and PGC1α were also significantly increased in skeletal muscle of PPARγ pigs, indicating that Ca2+-sensitive phosphatases and kinases may play an important role in the switch of muscle fiber types when PPARγ activity is elevated in skeletal muscle. The results support skeletal muscle-specific overexpression of PPARγ can promote oxidative fiber formation and intramuscular fat deposition in pigs.

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