scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of the Disease Spectrum of Hospitalized Crew-Members

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouheng Ye ◽  
Tianyi Zhang ◽  
Jianchao Liu ◽  
Guo Meng ◽  
Lei Han
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Functional Disturbance ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infection ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Disease Spectrum ◽  
Evidenced Based

Abstract Background: The disease spectrum of hospitalized crew-members could give good service to the support of health management. However, the disease spectrum of Chinese crew-members is still obscure. Methods: Four different database were searched with keywords. Papers were included and excluded using given rules. Data such as publishing year, investigation period, subject resources, total number of subjects, name of diagnosis, proportion of diseases were extracted for investigation. Then the investigation year(before 2010 or after 2011) was applied for sub-analysis in further research. Results: 24 results of disease spectrum of crew-members from numbers of hospitals were meta-analyzed. The first common disease was cervical and lumbar spine disorder which occupied 10% of diseases for hospitalization. And the other diseases followed it were hyperlipidemia(8%), cervical spine disease(7%), neurasthenia(6%), hypertension(6%), gastritis and duodenitis(6%), headache(6%), vegetative nerve functional disturbance(6%), upper respiratory infection(6%), fatty liver(5%), gastric and duodenal ulcers(4%), arrhythmia(4%), ground syncope(3%), urinary calculus(3%) and poor acceleration tolerance(2%), respectively. The spectrum of diseases was sub-analyzed by investigation year for further exploration. The proportion of cervical and lumbar spine disorder increased dramatically in the group of after 2011. Conclusion: Our work gave evidenced-based support for disease spectrum of crew-members, pointed research directions for treatment and prevention of crew-members’ common diseases, supported health strategy constitution of crew-members and guided well allocation of medical resources.

Mobile Applications for Health Management of Older Adults: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Asilah Ahmad ◽  
Shahrul Azman Mohd Noah ◽  
Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Noorlaili Mohd Tohit
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Personalized Feedback ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
App Store ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Google Play

BACKGROUND Currently, the use of smartphones to deliver health-related content has experienced a rapid growth, with more than 165,000 mobile health (mHealth) applications currently available in the digital marketplace such as iOS store and Google Play. Among these, there are several mobile applications (mobile apps) that offer tools for disease prevention and management among older generations. These mobile apps could potentially promote health behaviors which will reduce or delay the onset of disease. However, no review to date that has focused on the app marketplace specific for older adults and little is known regarding its evidence-based quality towards the health of older adults. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to characterize and critically appraise the content and functionality of mobile apps that focuses on health management and/or healthy lifestyle among older adults. METHODS An electronic search was conducted between May 2019 to December 2019 of the official app store for two major smartphone operating systems: iPhone operating system (iTunes App Store) and Android (Google Play Store). Stores were searched separately using predetermined search terms. Two authors screened apps based on information provided in the app description. Metadata from all included apps were abstracted into a standard assessment criteria form. Evidenced based strategies and health care expert involvement of included apps was assessed. Evidenced based strategies included: self-monitoring, goal setting, physical activity support, healthy eating support, weight and/or health assessment, personalized feedback, motivational strategies, cognitive training and social support. Two authors verified the data with reference to the apps and downloaded app themselves. RESULTS A total of 16 apps met the inclusion criteria. Six out of 16 (37.5%) apps were designed exclusively for the iOS platform while ten out of 16 (62.5%) were designed for Android platform exclusively. Physical activity component was the most common feature offered in all the apps (9/16, 56.3%) and followed by cognitive training (8/16, 50.0%). Diet/nutrition (0/16, 0%) feature, however, was not offered on all reviewed mobile apps. Of reviewed apps, 56.3% (9/16) provide education, 37.5% (6/16) provide self-monitoring features, 18.8% (3/16) provide goal setting features, 18.5% (3/16) provide personalized feedback, 6.3% (1/16) provide social support and none of the reviewed apps offers heart rate monitoring and reminder features to the users. CONCLUSIONS All reviewed mobile apps for older adults in managing health did not focused on diet/nutrition component, lack of functional components and lack of health care professional involvement in their development process. There is also a need to carry out scientific testing prior to the development of the app to ensure cost effective and its health benefits to older adults. Collaborative efforts between developers, researchers, health professionals and patients are needed in developing evidence-based, high quality mobile apps in managing health prior they are made available in the app store.

scholarly journals A246 THE GLOBAL INCIDENCE OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS IS INCREASING OVER TIME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 304-306
Author(s):  
J Iannuzzi ◽  
J H Leong ◽  
J Quan ◽  
J A King ◽  
J W Windsor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Western World ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Biliary Disease ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Acute pancreatitis is a common disease with significant associated morbidity and mortality. Historically, acute pancreatitis has been considered a disease with multiple etiologies and risk factors but is driven by alcohol and biliary disease. Multiple studies have shown that the incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing globally among both adults and children. Aims The purpose of this study was to assess temporal trends in incidence of acute pancreatitis globally. Methods We performed a systematic literature search to identify population-based studies reporting the annual incidence of acute pancreatitis. Abstracts were independently assessed in duplicate to identify applicable papers for full-text review and data extraction. Joinpoint temporal trend analyses were performed to calculate the average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The AAPCs were pooled in a meta-analysis to capture the overall and regional trends in acute pancreatitis incidence over time. Temporal data were summarized in a static map and an interactive, web-based map to illustrate global differences. Results Forty-five studies reported the temporal incidence of acute pancreatitis (static map provided, online interactive map: https://kaplan-acute-pancreatitis-ucalgary.hub.arcgis.com/). The incidence of acute pancreatitis has increased from 1961 to 2016 (AAPC = 2.89%; 95% CI: 2.26, 3.52; n=41). Increasing incidence was observed in North America (AAPC = 2.71%; 95% CI: 1.93, 3.50; n=10) and Europe (AAPC = 2.79%; 95% CI: 1.95, 3.63; n=24). The incidence of acute pancreatitis was stable in Asia (AAPC = −0.28%; 95% CI: −5.03, 4.47; n=2). Conclusions This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the global incidence of acute pancreatitis over the last five decades and demonstrates a steadily rising incidence over time in most countries of the Western world. More studies are needed to better define the changing incidence of acute pancreatitis in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Funding Agencies None

scholarly journals Pre-Procedural Lumbar Neuraxial Ultrasound—A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Meta-Analysis

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 479
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sidiropoulou ◽  
Kalliopi Christodoulaki ◽  
Charalampos Siristatidis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Technical Failure ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

A pre-procedural ultrasound of the lumbar spine is frequently used to facilitate neuraxial procedures. The aim of this review is to examine the evidence sustaining the utilization of pre-procedural neuraxial ultrasound compared to conventional methods. We perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta-analyses. We search the electronic databases Medline, Cochrane Central, Science Direct and Scopus up to 1 June 2019. We include trials comparing a pre-procedural lumbar spine ultrasound to a non-ultrasound-assisted method. The primary endpoints are technical failure rate, first-attempt success rate, number of needle redirections and procedure time. We retrieve 32 trials (3439 patients) comparing pre-procedural lumbar ultrasounds to palpations for neuraxial procedures in various clinical settings. Pre-procedural ultrasounds decrease the overall risk of technical failure (Risk Ratio (RR) 0.69 (99% CI, 0.43 to 1.10), p = 0.04) but not in obese and difficult spinal patients (RR 0.53, p = 0.06) and increase the first-attempt success rate (RR 1.5 (99% CI, 1.22 to 1.86), p < 0.0001, NNT = 5). In difficult spines and obese patients, the RR is 1.84 (99% CI, 1.44 to 2.3; p < 0.0001, NNT = 3). The number of needle redirections is lower with pre-procedural ultrasounds (SMD = −0.55 (99% CI, −0.81 to −0.29), p < 0.0001), as is the case in difficult spines and obese patients (SMD = −0.85 (99% CI, −1.08 to −0.61), p < 0.0001). No differences are observed in procedural times. Ιn conclusion, a pre-procedural ultrasound provides significant benefit in terms of technical failure, number of needle redirections and first attempt-success rate. Τhe effect of pre-procedural ultrasound scanning of the lumbar spine is more significant in a subgroup analysis of difficult spines and obese patients.

scholarly journals The Influence of Stretching the Hip Flexor Muscles on Performance Parameters. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1936
Author(s):  
Andreas Konrad ◽  
Richard Močnik ◽  
Sylvia Titze ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Markus Tilp
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Hip Flexor

The hip flexor muscles are major contributors to lumbar spine stability. Tight hip flexors can lead to pain in the lumbar spine, and hence to an impairment in performance. Moreover, sedentary behavior is a common problem and a major contributor to restricted hip extension flexibility. Stretching can be a tool to reduce muscle tightness and to overcome the aforementioned problems. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to determine the effects of a single hip flexor stretching exercise on performance parameters. The online search was performed in the following three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies were included in this review with a total of 165 subjects (male: 111; female 54). In contrast to other muscle groups (e.g., plantar flexors), where 120 s of stretching likely decreases force production, it seems that isolated hip flexor stretching of up to 120 s has no effect or even a positive impact on performance-related parameters. A comparison of the effects on performance between the three defined stretch durations (30–90 s; 120 s; 270–480 s) revealed a significantly different change in performance (p = 0.02) between the studies with the lowest hip flexor stretch duration (30–90 s; weighted mean performance change: −0.12%; CI (95%): −0.49 to 0.41) and the studies with the highest hip flexor stretch duration (270–480 s; performance change: −3.59%; CI (95%): −5.92 to −2.04). Meta-analysis revealed a significant (but trivial) impairment in the highest hip flexor stretch duration of 270–480 s (SMD effect size = −0.19; CI (95%) −0.379 to 0.000; Z = −1.959; p = 0.05; I2 = 0.62%), but not in the lowest stretch duration (30–90 s). This indicates a dose-response relationship in the hip flexor muscles. Although the evidence is based on a small number of studies, this information will be of great importance for both athletes and coaches.

scholarly journals POS0809 A BIOMARKER PROFILE AIDING AN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GIANT CELL ARTERITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 657.1-657
Author(s):  
Y. Van Sleen ◽  
P. Therkildsen ◽  
A. Boots ◽  
B. Dalsgaard Nielsen ◽  
K. Van der Geest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Arteritis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Multiple Biomarkers ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Angiopoietin 2 ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Background:Diagnosing patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) remains difficult. Due to its non-specific symptoms, it is challenging to identify GCA in patients presenting with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), which is a more common disease (1). In addition, commonly used acute-phase markers fail to discriminate between GCA patients and (infectious) mimicry patients.Objectives:To investigate a selection of biomarkers for their utility in the accurate diagnosis of GCA in two cohorts.Methods:Treatment-naïve GCA patients participated in the Aarhus GCA/PMR cohort (N=52) and the Groningen GPS cohort (N=48). Symptoms and biomarker levels were compared to patients presenting phenotypically as isolated PMR, disease controls and healthy controls (HCs). Diagnosis or exclusion of diagnosis of GCA was based on clinical assessment and in the majority of cases aided by imaging. Serum/plasma levels of 12 biomarkers were measured by ELISA or Luminex.Results:In both the Aarhus and the GPS cohort, we found that weight loss, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and higher angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios but lower matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 levels identify concomitant GCA in PMR patients (Figure 1). In addition, we confirmed (1) that elevated platelet counts are characteristic of GCA but not of GCA look-alikes, and that low MMP-3 and proteinase 3 (PR3) levels may help to discriminate GCA from other diseases (Figure 1). Multiple biomarkers of inflammation were found elevated in patient and disease control groups when compared to HCs.Conclusion:This study, performed in two independent cohorts, consistently shows the potential of angiopoietin-2/-1 ratios and MMP-3 levels to identify GCA in patients presenting with PMR. These biomarkers may be used to select which PMR patients require further diagnostic workup. Platelet counts may be used to discriminate GCA from GCA look-alike patients.Figure 1.Summary of the most important and consistent findings in both cohorts. A shows the four factors that perform best in discriminating GCA/PMR patients overlap from isolated PMR patients in both cohorts. B shows the four factors that perform best in discriminate GCA patients from GCA look-alike patients in both cohorts. Cut-off values for the biomarkers are calculated by the Youden index.References:[1]van der Geest, KSM, Sandovici M, Brouwer E, Mackie SL. Diagnostic accuracy of symptoms, physical signs, and laboratory tests for giant cell arteritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA internal medicine. 2020.Disclosure of Interests:Yannick van Sleen: None declared, Philip Therkildsen: None declared, Annemieke Boots: None declared, Berit Dalsgaard NIelsen: None declared, Kornelis van der Geest: None declared, Peter Heeringa: None declared, Minke G. Huitema: None declared, M.D. Posthumus: None declared, Maria Sandovici: None declared, Erik Toonen Employee of: Is an employee of Hycult Biotech, Jannik Zijlstra: None declared, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge: None declared, Elisabeth Brouwer: None declared

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