scholarly journals Geospatial Approach for Assessment of Groundwater Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Chandra Gauns ◽  
M. Nagarajan ◽  
R. Lalitha ◽  
M. Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio ◽  
Ussl Diagram

Abstract Increasing population, erratic distribution of rainfall, and their rising demand for water in domestic and irrigation is fulfilled by groundwater resources. Due to overexploitation, there is the deterioration of groundwater quality and hence to evaluate the groundwater quality, a study was undertaken to understand the water suitability for drinking as well as for irrigation purposes. For this study, five villages namely Kumulur, Tachankurunchi, Pudurutamanur, Pandaravadai, and Poovalur were selected from Trichy District, Tamil Nadu, India with an areal extent of 45.1 km2. For the water quality assessment, samples were drawn from 53 locations from the sources like open well, bore well and hand pumps, etc., Parameters of pH, EC, TDS, Anions - CO3 2−, HCO3−, Cl−, SO4 2−, Cations - Ca2+, Mg2+, B3+, Na+ and potassium (K+) were estimated using the standard analytical procedure in three different seasons Viz., S-I (September 2019), S-II (December 2019) and S-III (March 2020). The WQI was computed for drinking water quality and it was found that 25% samples in S-I, 80% samples in S-II, and 83% samples in S-III were above the permissible limit for drinking purposes. Indices like Sodium Percentage, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Permeability Index, Kelly’s Ratio, Magnesium Hazard Ratio, Potential Salinity, USSL Diagram, Wilcox Plot, Piper Diagram, and Gibbs plot were evaluated for examining irrigation water quality. The results revealed that 90% of the area, the water is suitable for irrigation purposes and a few locations (10%) wherein the salt content of water are relatively higher than the entire study area.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Groundwater Quality Using Geographical Information System in Kannur District, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangavelu Arumugam ◽  
Praveen Krishna ◽  
Sapna K
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Groundwater is an important role of the environment in natural resources. The major sources of groundwater contamination in this study were open discharges of domestic sewage, inadequate sewerage system, open defecation, septic tanks, soak pits, contaminated water pools, unorganized solid waste dumping and use of fertilizers, pesticides for agriculture deteriorated the condition. In this present study revealed that the physical and chemical characteristics of ground water in different areas of Kannur district in Kerala have been determined different seasons with respect to its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. For this study the groundwater samples were collected during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons from 70 wells representing the entire the study area. The groundwater samples were analyzed for Physico-chemical characteristics using standard techniques in laboratory and compared with standards. The samples were analyzed with reference to the WHO and BIS standards. The groundwater quality information of the entire study area have been prepared using statistical and GIS technique for all the parameters. This paper proved in GIS will be helpful for measuring, monitoring and managing the groundwater pollution in the study area and suggested to protect groundwater resources in the environment.

scholarly journals Gis-based Analysis of Water Quality Parameters of Groundwater with Proximity to Onsite Wastes Pits in Vom Community of Jos South, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
R. E. Daffi ◽  
M. I. Alfa ◽  
E. S. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Health Organization

Water quality assessment is an important part of environmental quality management especially in groundwater resources located close to sources of contamination. This study involved the assessment of groundwater quality for hand dug wells at locations with proximity to pit latrines in Vom community, Plateau State, Nigeria and the use of GIS for data analysis. Water samples were collected from six (6) locations in a small area to assume possible interaction between the water in the sampling wells, the maximum distance between any two points being 100 m and the minimum distance being 22 m. Eleven (11) physical, bacteriological and chemical parameters were analyzed for the water samples. The results were compared with World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality standards. The chemical parameters in the samples tested met the WHO and NSDWQ limits with the exception of pH which was slightly acidic for four samples. The results also showed that E. coli was found in all the samples tested. This may be attributed to the proximity of the wells to pit latrines. The results obtained from laboratory analyses were inputted into a GIS database in ILWIS 3.8 where the variation maps were developed and also classified maps for each of the parameters based on whether they meet WHO standards or not. The classified maps were all overlaid in GIS to develop the groundwater quality information map where any point highlighted gives information on the parameters for that point. This makes the retrieval of water quality parameters easy and also the comparison of the parameters with respect to location. Treatment of the groundwater with chemicals like soda ash and chlorine are recommended before consumption. It is generally recommended that wells should not be located in close proximity to onsite underground wastes disposal pits. Government should provide sufficient potable water for the Vom Community.

scholarly journals Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Groundwater Quality Evaluation Based on Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2792
Author(s):  
Yunxu Chai ◽  
Changlai Xiao ◽  
Mingqian Li ◽  
Xiujuan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Development And Management

Hydrogeochemical research and water quality evaluation are an important part of groundwater development and management projects in Dehui City, Jilin Province, China. We collected 217 groundwater samples in the study area and used two multivariate statistical methods, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis to classify groundwater; combined graphical method, piper diagram, and Gibbs diagram to characterize groundwater chemical types and distinguish the water chemical control mechanism; and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate groundwater quality. Three major categories have been identified. Most of the groundwater in the study area is Ca-HCO3 type water. The water chemistry control mechanism is determined to be based on water-rock interaction and less evaporation. From east to west in the study area, the total dissolved solids (TDS) gradually increased, and water quality gradually deteriorated. In the whole region, 79.26% of the groundwater is suitable for drinking. With Yinma River at the boundary, the water quality in the eastern part is excellent, while that in the southwest is poor. After appropriate treatment, it can be used in industry and agriculture. The excess NO3− is mainly affected by human activities. The unique geological conditions of the Songnen Plain result in an excess amount of Fe3+ and Mn2+ in some areas. This study determined the chemical characteristics of groundwater in the study area and distinguished water quality levels. The results will be helpful for the development and management of groundwater resources.

scholarly journals Spatial Evaluation of Groundwater Quality Using GIS and WQI in Gadilam River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-561
Author(s):  
K. Mohammed Rizwan ◽  
V. Thirukumaran ◽  
M. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Interpolation Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Spatial Interpolation Method

The aims of the current research are to assess the drinking water quality of the groundwater in the Gadilam River Basin, which is located in the northern part of Tamil Nadu, by identifying the groundwater quality index and examine its suitability for drinking. The current work determines the levels of groundwater quality parameters based on 120 groundwater samples; 50 samples from Archaean formation, 34 samples from Quaternary formation, 35 samples from Tertiary formation and the remaining sample from Cretaceous formation. Additionally, this research compares the determined levels with the various standards for drinking. Furthermore, the variability of parameters of the groundwater quality is explored in this paper by using the spatial interpolation method. The conclusion of this research reveals that the groundwater quality parameters such as Calcium (Ca2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Nitrate (NO32-), Fluoride (F-), Sulphate (SO42-), Bi-carbonate (HCO3-) and Percentage of Hydrogen (pH) values are observed to be within the limiting value for WHO 2017 in all the formations during the seasons in which they were taken. The water quality index (WQI) values of the Archaean, Quaternary and Tertiary formations are found to be less than 100 meq/L in all stations in both seasons. In order of WQI, these stations come under the category of “Excellent” and “Good”. The Piper trilinear classification of groundwater samples fall in the field of mixed Ca-Mg-Cl, and No dominance, some of the samples represent Na-K, Cl types of water.

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Domestic Purposes through Local Survey and Water Quality Index in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Huynh The An ◽  
Tran Thi Ngoc Bich ◽  
Chen Yi-Ching ◽  
Tran Thi Thu Hien
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Groundwater Samples

The quality of groundwater resources is increasingly declining, significantly affecting people’s life and health. The study aims to assess public perception on existing groundwater quality and scheme over conventionally used free groundwater. The contemporaneous analytical procedures applied to determine the concentration of physical parameters: total dissolved solids and total solids and chemical parameters: pH, nitrite (N-NO2-), nitrate (N- NO3-), ammonium (N-NH4+/ NH3), iron (FeII + III) and total hardness were collected for 30 drinking water well samples located in 5 Quarters (An Hoa, An Loi, Ben Don, Phu Hoa, and Phu Nghi) to calculate the water quality index. The results show that up to 96% of people still use groundwater as their main source of drinking, domestic purposes, although groundwater quality is showing a serious decline in quality. The low pH index ranges from 3.0 ÷ 4.5. On average, 3.5 ÷ 4.0 pH of groundwater samples are outside the permissible limit according to VN standards 09: 2015 (5.5 - 8.5), which makes the water acidic, which harmful to human health. Besides, 10% of groundwater samples had high nitrate content, and 6.67% of water samples had ammonium content that did not meet VN standards 09: 2015. The current state of groundwater quality is not good for cooking and drinking. The results will benefit future groundwater exploitation to support more evidence of water quality and deteriorate the water quality soon, ultimately proving to be disastrous for all living beings in the region.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Water Quality Parameters with using Gis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3936-3941
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

The present paper describes the application of GIS to study the spatial and temporal variations of some important water quality parameters in the Veeranam tank drainage basin of cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, South India. The water quality parameters were depicted by various colour combinations for different ranges of concentrations. Twenty four (24) groundwater samples were collected from bore wells for two different seasons, pre monsoon in July 2015 and postmonsoon in January 2016. The collected water samples were analyzed for chemical constituents, such as chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, carbonate, nitrate, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the laboratory, by following the standard procedures described by the American Public Health Association (APHA 1998). Spatial distribution map for Electrical conductivity, Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphate and Chloride in pre-monsoon and post monsoon samples was generated by ArcGIS 9.3 software. The study implies that the quality of groundwater is generally good and potable in the nearby Veeranam lake and the quality becomes moderate as it passes away from Veeranam tank of the study area.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality of Coastal Aquifer Evaluation Using Spatial Analysis Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2902-2912
Author(s):  
J. Saravanan ◽  
Kishan Singh Rawat ◽  
Sudhir Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
World Health ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Health Organization

Groundwater quality of Thiruvallur (district of Tamil Nadu) of coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal has been studied. Standard overlay analysis; techniques have been used for analyzing spatial data in Geographic Information System platform. For this research work, groundwater samples were collected from bore wells and open wells covering the whole study area. The collected samples were analyzed for physical, cations and anions. The thematic maps of groundwater quality parameters of the entire study area were prepared using Inverse Distance Weightage interpolation technique. Further, water quality index was computed for the region on a recommendation of standard permissible limitsrecommended by World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 for the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes.

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