scholarly journals Ageism Among Dentists in Greece. A Quantitative Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polychronis Voultsos ◽  
Dimitra Tsiantou ◽  
Fotios Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Angeliki Papana ◽  
Aspasia Deliliga
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interaction Factor

Abstract Aims and objectivesThe phenomenon of ageism is a significant threat to elderly people’s well-being. Ageism is a social determinant of their dental health. While a preliminary validation of the Greek version of the ageing scale for dental students has recently been made, there is a literature gap regarding the topic of ageism among dental professionals in Greece. This study aims to contribute to filling this gap.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used to select participants. A recently validated in Greece 15‐item ageism 6-point Likert-scale for dental students (ASDS) was anonymously administered to dentists. In addition, participants were asked to provide information regarding their socio-demographics. ResultsA total of 365 dentists responded to the questionnaire. As to the internal consistency of the scale, Cronbach's alpha found to be very low (α = 0.590) to support the reliability of a total of 15 Likert-type questions (items) of the scale. However, the factor analysis resulted in three factors that achieved high reliability towards validity: Adherence of the elderly patient to the instructions of the dentist (factor 1), Dentist-elderly patient interaction (factor 2), and Values/ethics of dentists for elderly patients (factor 3). The demographic comparison with these factors and single items revealed statistically significant gender differences (with females appeared more ageist than men) in ageism and differences related to other socio-demographic factors, which however, were related to factors or items individually.ConclusionThe study revealed that the Greek version of the ageism scale for dental students had not further validity and reliability among dentists. However, some items were distributed into three factors that presented significant validity and reliability. The demographic comparison with these factors and single items revealed interesting socio-demographics-related trends in ageism among dentists.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) in Iranian patients with cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Mobin Mohammadinezhad ◽  
Kelly A. Allen ◽  
Christopher Boyle ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Iranian Patients

Abstract Objective The spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) is a widely used clinical scale which should be evaluated for Iranian patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the SWBS in Iranian patients with cancer. Method This cross-sectional, methodological study was conducted among Iranian patients with cancer (n = 400). The participants were recruited using convenience sampling. The content, construct, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Persian version of the SWBS were evaluated. Results A two-factor structure for the scale was indicated with the factors being: connecting with God and meaningless life that explained 54.18% of the total variance of the concept of spiritual well-being. The results demonstrated the model had a good fit. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the inter-item correlation values of the factors indicated good internal consistency of the scale. Significance of results These results suggest that the Persian version of the SWBS is a reliable and valid measure to assess the spiritual well-being of patients with cancer through 16 items related to connecting with God and meaningless life.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of the Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249660
Author(s):  
Mohd Noor Norhayati ◽  
Zanaridah Mat Nawi
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Based Medicine

Background Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a widely accepted scientific advancement in clinical settings that helps achieve better, safer, and more cost-effective healthcare. However, presently, validated instruments to evaluate healthcare professionals’ attitude and practices toward implementing EBM are not widely available. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a newly developed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire on EBM for use among healthcare professionals. Methods The Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire was tested among physicians in a government hospital between July and August 2018. Exploratory factor analysis and internal consistency reliability-based Cronbach’s alpha statistic were conducted. Results The questionnaire was distributed among 94 physicians, and 90 responded (response rate of 95.7%). The initial number of items in the KAP domains of the Noor Evidence-Based Medicine Questionnaire were 15, 17, and 13, respectively; however, two items in the practice domain with communalities <0.25 and factor loadings <0.4 were removed. The factor structure accounted for 52.33%, 66.29%, and 55.39% of data variance in the KAP domains, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.81, 0.81, and 0.84 for KAP domains, respectively, indicating high reliability. Conclusions This questionnaire can be used to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour of healthcare professionals toward EBM. Future testing of this questionnaire among other medical personnel groups will help expand the scope of this tool.

scholarly journals Use of Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) Survey to Evaluate Effectiveness of Teaching in a Leadership Course among Dental Students over Three Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nazir ◽  
Asim Al-Ansari ◽  
Khalifa AlKhalifa ◽  
Balgis Gaffar ◽  
Jehan AlHumaid
Keyword(s):  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Evaluation Of Teaching ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Evaluation Of Teaching

Leadership courses are being increasingly integrated into dental curricula. The study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of student evaluation of teaching (SET) instrument among dental students and to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching in a new leadership course over a period of three years. This cross-sectional study was conducted on fourth-year undergraduate dental students (N = 260) who took a practice management course over three consecutive years from 2014 to 2016. A 29-item SET questionnaire was administered among students who were willing to participate in the study. Out of 260 students, 185 returned completed surveys and the response rate was 71.15%. Factor analysis (principal component analysis) showed the validity of four dimensions of the SET instrument. Total variance explained by four dimensions was 62.80%. Cronbach’s alpha for the instrument was 0.95 and each dimension had fairly high internal consistency (>0.80). Treating students with respect (94%), accepting different viewpoints of students (94.1%), being flexible/open-minded (92.5%), and preparedness in the course (91.9%) were the most common effective teaching traits. Over the period of three years, 16 items showed improvement in teaching and there was a significant improvement in four items (P<0.05). In conclusion, it was found that SET is a valid instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching in nonclinical courses in dentistry. This instrument should be used longitudinally to compare the effectiveness of teaching.

scholarly journals Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical and Dental Students and Fresh Graduates from Saudi Arabia

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Lamyaa N. Alharbi ◽  
Mashail A. Alsaikhan ◽  
Sanaa N. Al-Haj Ali ◽  
Ra’fat I. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

This study aimed to assess the knowledge level and attitudes of graduating Saudi medical and dental students and fresh graduates from those faculties about pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the relation of their knowledge level to sociodemographic variables. In this cross-sectional study, 722 graduating students and fresh graduates were requested to answer a questionnaire pretested for validity and reliability. The data were analyzed statistically. Results revealed that medical participants scored 15.45 (out of 22), with 38% of them showing good knowledge about pediatric OSA, while dental participants scored 14.59, with 25.2% of them showing good knowledge. By regression analysis, medical participants (odds ratio (OR): 1.529) were more likely to have good knowledge than dental participants, while participants who belonged to institutions located in the central region (OR: 0.546) were less likely to have good knowledge than those from southern region institutions. In addition, participants from public institutions (OR: 0.290) were less likely to have good knowledge than those from private institutions. Regarding attitudes, medical participants scored 14.13 (out of 20), and dental participants scored 14.64. We detected a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude scores of dental participants. Given these findings, the knowledge level of graduating Saudi medical and dental students and fresh graduates about pediatric OSA was not optimal. The college type, institution sector, and location in the kingdom were factors associated with good knowledge. There is a need for further education and training about pediatric OSA in the undergraduate Saudi medical and dental curricula and continuing professional development programs about the topic after graduation.

scholarly journals Dental Health Problems among the Patients Attending in the Orthodontic Department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
MA Habib ◽  
RMG Rabbani ◽  
A Yousuf ◽  
AK Saha ◽  
HH Imon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Health ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Objective: To know the prevalence & pattern of dental health problems among Bangladeshi people. Study design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place of study: Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopaedics of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka. Period of study: From September’2011 to February’2012. Sample selection: In this study, A total of 500 patients   (250 males & 250 females) were selected from Orthodontic department of Dhaka Dental College & Hospital. Results: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 500 patients attending at the department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dhaka Dental College and Hospital. Gingivitis was the commonest problem in Bangladeshi people according to present study. The second most dental problem was dental caries. The prevalence of orthodontic problems was comparable to the observations made by others. Males and females are equally affected with slight variations in the nature of problems among both genders. Conclusion: Good oral health is essential to improve individual overall health & well-being. We urge to take this information & use it for program planning & advocating for the health of patients, specially for the patients who will receive orthodontic treatment.  Therefore, current orthodontic students should receive more education & training before the management of malocclusion to improve the overall quality of care for orthodontic patients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v3i2.16608 Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education Vol.3(2) 2013: 19-25

scholarly journals Assessing the level of Happiness among dental students of Pakistan: Web-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1629-1632
Author(s):  
Beenish Fatima Alam ◽  
Talib Hussain ◽  
Saman Tauqir ◽  
Saqib Ali ◽  
Arqam Najmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based

Background: Dental students in Pakistan suffer greatly from unusual distress and are unable to maintain happiness from the start of first year to final year. They are deprived from maintaining their mental wellbeing and happiness. There is lack of evidence Oxford happiness inventory (OHI) evaluation among the students. Aim: To detect the level of happiness in dental students from different professional years. Methods: A cross-sectional study in Bahria University Medical and Dental College was carried out. Dental students were enrolled from first year to final year using purposive sampling method. Results: This study included females 209, and 55 males. Majority of students (48.5%) belonged to 18-20 years age group followed by 21-22. About 50% students were from 1st year BDS, followed by 2nd year (28%). Question assessing happiness of students, 30.9% male students and 35.4% female’s students moderately agreed. Conclusion: The study concludes that overall dental students had an average level of happiness. It is necessary that all the dental educationists in any institution should work with close association to psychologists, there shall be different student services provided and student supporting groups shall be encouraged. Keywords: Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, happiness, well-being, students,

scholarly journals Influence of sleep disturbance, fatigue, vitality on oral health and academic performance in Indian dental students

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343
Author(s):  
Kailash Asawa ◽  
Nandini Sen ◽  
Nagesh Bhat ◽  
Mridula Tak ◽  
Pratibha Sultane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disturbed Sleep

Background. Oral health and academic performance are important contributing factors for a student’s professional life. Countless factors affect both, among which sleep, vitality and fatigue are less explored areas that also have a strong impact.Objective. The objective of the study was to assess the association of sleep disturbances, fatigue and vitality with self reported oral health status, oral hygiene habits and academic performance of dental students of Udaipur.Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate and postgraduate dental students of Udaipur. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to assess the psychological factors, vitality, sleep quality, fatigue, self reported oral health status, habits and academic performance. Analysis of variance and stepwise multiple linear regression were utilized for statistical analysis with 95% confidence level and 5% level of significance. Results. Of the 230 participants, 180 (78.3%) were undergraduates and 50 (21.7%) were postgraduates. Among them, females showed higher scores in disturbed sleep index (2.69±2.14) as compared to males (2.45±1.91). Respondents who had “Poor” dental health, scored more in disturbed sleep index (3.15±1.64) and fatigue scale (20.00±4.88). Subjects who flossed “everyday”, were found to have good sleep and more energy (p=0.01) and those who assessed themselves as excellent students scored more in the Vitality Scale (p=0.01) and less in the Sleep index (p=0.01). Conclusion. The present study confirms that disturbed sleep, aliveness and fatigue, all are interlinked with each other and are imperative factors having the potential to alter the oral health status, habits and academics of dental students.

How do Indian mothers use feeding practices with children?

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Vohra ◽  
Pavleen Soni
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Indian Mothers ◽  
The Government

Purpose The undesirable effects of TV advertisements and general parenting responsibility propel mothers to monitor and control the eating habits of children through meal time actions and feeding practices. The purpose of this paper is to identify feeding practices used by Indian mothers through the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) developed by Musher-Eizenman and Holub (2007) and to investigate differences in the use of feeding practices across demographic variables. Design/methodology/approach Using a cross-sectional design, a structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data from 473 mothers of children aged four to 11 years from Punjab (India). Data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and ANOVA. Findings The present study confirms the validity and reliability of the nine-factor model through CFA with 28 items in the Indian context than original CFPQ. Further, significant differences exist in the responses of mothers for feeding practices followed with children across age and gender of child, mother’s education status and monthly family income. Practical implications Parents may understand the nature of feeding practices to mediate unhealthy food consumption habits of children. The government should formulate codes or regulations to sufficiently monitor food marketing activities directed at children. The food marketing companies should also act responsibly to protect well-being of children. Originality/value This piece of research is important as no such study (to the best of researchers’ knowledge) has already been conducted in India even though dietary patterns of children are transforming tremendously.

scholarly journals Positive acculturation conditions and well-being in a mine in the North-West Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon T.B. Jackson ◽  
Fons J.R. Van de Vijver ◽  
Shanaz Ali
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Dominant Strategy ◽  
Positive Finding ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Black Employees

Orientation: Multiculturalism seemed to have become the dominant strategy for dealing with pluralism in the South African public sphere.Research purpose: The authors addressed the relationship between conditions that are considered to be conducive to multiculturalism and the practices perceived to accomplish this, vis-à-vis multiculturalism and well-being, as measured by ill-health and subjective work success.Motivation for the study: Although multiculturalism has been recommended as an effective way of dealing with diversity at societal and local levels, little is known about its effects in the workplace.Research design, approach and method: Following a quantitative approach, the authors utilised a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 241 Black employees and White employees from a mine in North-West Province for the research. Exploratory factor analyses and Cronbach alpha coefficients were used to test scale validity and reliability. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and effect sizes were used to determine the effect of race on the experiences of miners, and multigroup path analysis (AMOS) was used to investigate whether or not identical relations between multiculturalism, work success, and ill-health could be found for Black employees and White employees.Main findings: Multiculturalism and mainstream tolerance coupled with ethnic integration demands at home and at work were associated with success at work but not with ill-health. Black employees experienced the workplace slightly more positively.Practical/managerial implications: Multiculturalism and integration are related to subjective experiences of work success and, as such, should be supported in the workplace.Contribution/value-add: Our findings suggest that multiculturalism is relatively well supported by both groups in the workplace. This positive finding should not be regarded as obvious because empirical research has suggested that the majority of members of the host culture do not always favour multiculturalism.

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