scholarly journals Gravitational-Wave Implications for the Parity Symmetry of Gravity at GeV Scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Rui Niu ◽  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Tao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
High Energy Region ◽  
Parity Symmetry ◽  
Parity Conservation

Abstract Einstein's general relativity, as the most successful theory of gravity, is one of the cornerstones of modern physics. However, the experimental tests for gravity in the high energy region are limited. The emerging gravitational-wave astronomy has opened an avenue for probing the fundamental properties of gravity in strong and dynamical field, and in particular, high energy regime. In this work, we focus on the parity symmetry of gravity. For broken parity, the left- and right-handed modes of gravitational waves would follow different equations of motion, dubbed as birefringence. We perform the first full Bayesian inference of the parity conservation of gravity by comparing the state-of-the-art waveform with the compact binary coalescence data released by LIGO and Virgo collaboration. We do not find any violations of general relativity, thus obtain the lower bound of the parity-violating energy scale to be $0.09$ GeV through the velocity birefringence of gravitational waves. This provides the most stringent experimental test of gravitational parity symmetry up to date, and for the first time, in the high energy region, which ushers in a new era of using gravitational waves to test the ultraviolet behavior of gravity. We also find third-generation gravitational-wave detectors can enhance this bound to $\mathcal{O}(10^2)$ GeV if there is still no violation, comparable to the current LHC energy scale in particle physics.

scholarly journals Probing Trans-Electroweak First Order Phase Transitions from Gravitational Waves

Physics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Addazi ◽  
Antonino Marcianò ◽  
Roman Pasechnik
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
First Order ◽  
Very High Energy ◽  
First Order Phase

We propose direct tests of very high energy first-order phase transitions, which are elusive to collider physics, deploying the gravitational waves’ measurements. We show that first-order phase transitions lying in a large window of critical temperatures, which is considerably larger than the electroweak energy scale, can be tested from advanced LIGO (aLIGO) and the Einstein Telescope. This provides the possibility to probe several inflationary mechanisms ending with the inflaton in a false minimum and high-energy first order phase transitions that are due to new scalar bosons, beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. As an important example, we consider the axion monodromy inflationary scenario and analyze the potential for its experimental verification, deploying the gravitational wave interferometers.

scholarly journals Analysis of Shielding Performance of Radiation-Shielding Materials According to Particle Size and Clustering Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4010
Author(s):  
Seon-Chil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
High Energy Region ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Shielding Material

In the field of medical radiation shielding, there is an extensive body of research on process technologies for ecofriendly shielding materials that could replace lead. In particular, the particle size and arrangement of the shielding material when blended with a polymer material affect shielding performance. In this study, we observed how the particle size of the shielding material affects shielding performance. Performance and particle structure were observed for every shielding sheet, which were fabricated by mixing microparticles and nanoparticles with a polymer material using the same process. We observed that the smaller the particle size was, the higher both the clustering and shielding effects in the high-energy region. Thus, shielding performance can be improved. In the low-dose region, the effect of particle size on shielding performance was insignificant. Moreover, the shielding sheet in which nanoparticles and microsized particles were mixed showed similar performance to that of the shielding sheet containing only microsized particles. Findings indicate that, when fabricating a shielding sheet using a polymer material, the smaller the particles in the high-energy region are, the better the shielding performance is. However, in the low-energy region, the effect of the particles is insignificant.

scholarly journals π--PInteraction in High Energy Region

1957 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Ito ◽  
Tetsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Miwae Yamazaki ◽  
Shigeo Minami
Keyword(s):  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Region

scholarly journals Beginning of Universe through large field hybrid inflation

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (21) ◽  
pp. 1550106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Kobayashi ◽  
Osamu Seto
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Tensor Perturbation ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Hybrid Inflation ◽  
High Energy Scale

Recent detection of B-mode polarization induced from tensor perturbations by the BICEP2 experiment implies the so-called large field inflation, where an inflaton field takes super-Planckian expectation value during inflation, at a high energy scale. We show however, if another inflation follows hybrid inflation, the hybrid inflation can generate a large tensor perturbation with not super-Planckian but Planckian field value. This scenario would relax the tension between BICEP2 and Planck concerning the tensor-to-scalar ratio, because a negative large running can also be obtained for a certain number of e-fold of the hybrid inflation. A natural interpretation of a large gravitational wave mode with or without the scalar spectral running might be multiple inflation in the early Universe.

3.3.6.4 The high-energy region

2005 ◽  
pp. 306-309
Author(s):  
A. Fasso ◽  
K. Göbel ◽  
M. Höfert ◽  
J. Ranft ◽  
G. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Region

scholarly journals Modifications to Plane Gravitational Waves from Minimal Lorentz Violation

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xu
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Lorentz Violation ◽  
First Order ◽  
Test Particles ◽  
Violation Of Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Plane Gravitational Waves ◽  
Wave Modes

General Relativity predicts two modes for plane gravitational waves. When a tiny violation of Lorentz invariance occurs, the two gravitational wave modes are modified. We use perturbation theory to study the detailed form of the modifications to the two gravitational wave modes from the minimal Lorentz-violation coupling. The perturbation solution for the metric fluctuation up to the first order in Lorentz violation is discussed. Then, we investigate the motions of test particles under the influence of the plane gravitational waves with Lorentz violation. First-order deviations from the usual motions are found.

Charge transfer in collisions of atomic hydrogen withN7+ions in the high-energy region

1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1656-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Saha ◽  
Shyamal Datta ◽  
S. C. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Atomic Hydrogen ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Region

scholarly journals Multimessenger Probes of High-energy Sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Dafne Guetta
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Compact Objects ◽  
Binary Black Holes ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Combine Information ◽  
Open Question

Multimessenger observations may hold the key to learn about the most energetic sources in the universe. The recent construction of large scale observatories opened new possibilities in testing non thermal cosmic processes with alternative probes, such as high energy neutrinos and gravitational waves. We propose to combine information from gravitational wave detections, neutrino observations and electromagnetic signals to obtain a comprehensive picture of some of the most extreme cosmic processes. Gravitational waves are indicative of source dynamics, such as the formation, evolution and interaction of compact objects. These compact objects can play an important role in astrophysical particle acceleration, and are interesting candidates for neutrino and in general high-energy astroparticle studies. In particular we will concentrate on the most promising gravitational wave emitter sources: compact stellar remnants. The merger of binary black holes, binary neutron stars or black hole-neutron star binaries are abundant gravitational wave sources and will likely make up the majority of detections. However, stellar core collapse with rapidly rotating core may also be significant gravitational wave emitter, while slower rotating cores may be detectable only at closer distances. The joint detection of gravitational waves and neutrinos from these sources will probe the physics of the sources and will be a smoking gun of the presence of hadrons in these objects which is still an open question. Conversely, the non-detection of neutrinos or gravitational waves from these sources will be fundamental to constrain the hadronic content.

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