scholarly journals Solitary Thyroid Nodule High Incidence of Thyroid Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkan Nasr ◽  
Mohammed Qubati ◽  
S Qubati ◽  
Abdulhakim Al-Tamimi ◽  
Yasser Abd Rabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Recurrent Nerve ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Recurrent Nerve Injury ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract The Aim: The preoperative distinguish between benign and malignant in solitary thyroid nodule is important. It helps to avoid unnecessary surgery and its adverse effects, such as hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, and recurrent nerve injury.Methods: descriptive perspective analyzed data over a period of 6 years April 2015__April 2021 In Saudi hospital at Hajjah, Yemen. 226 thyroid operations for 207 patients ,135 patients diagnosis as Solitary thyroid nodule and 72 patients as Multi nodular goiter. the patients with a clinically as solitary thyroid nodule were included in the study group. Results: 135 cases of clinically detected STN,126 female and 9 male patients, between 14_65 years age, median 41 years and mean 39.76 years, (94 , 41)patients respectively Rt side thyroid effect more than Lt side, FNAC sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was (61% , 72% , 64%)respectively. Postoperative histopathology was reported 100(74%)patients as benign thyroid nodule and 35 patients(26%) as malignant thyroid nodule . Post operative transient hypocalcemia in 9 patients (7%), and temporary horsnese in 3 patients (2%). Conclusion: The incidence of malignancy in STN is high. Rapid growth by history and hard fixed nodule by examination and hypoechoic, micro calcification and cervical lymphadenopathy on USG frequently in malignant nodules. Male risk factor for thyroid cancer while age, number and size of nodules were not. FNAC more helpful for diagnosis if aspiration under USG guide and reading by experience histopathologest .Type of surgery depending on preoperative evaluation including history, examination, ultrasound, FNAC result, and intraoperative assessment of the nodule .Less complications of thyroid surgery by experience surgeon.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Solitary Thyroid Nodule

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burkan Nasr ◽  
Burkan Nasr ◽  
Mohammed Qubati ◽  
Sultan Qubati ◽  
Abd alhakim Al Tamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Recurrent Nerve ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Recurrent Nerve Injury ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Aim Preoperative distinction between benign and malignant in solitary thyroid nodules is important. It helps to avoid unnecessary surgery and its adverse effects, such as hypothyroidism, hypocalcemia, and recurrent nerve injury. Methods Descriptive perspective analyzed data over a period of 6 years April 2015__April 2021 in Saudi Hospital at Hajjah, Yemen. 226 thyroid operations for 207 patients ,135 patients diagnosis as Solitary thyroid nodule and 72 patients as Multi nodular goiter. Patients with a clinically solitary thyroid nodule were included in the study group. Results 135 cases of clinically detected STN,126 female and 9 male patients, between 14_65 years age, median 41 years and mean 39.76 years, (94, 41)patients respectively Rt side thyroid effect more than Lt side, FNAC sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was (61%, 72%, 64%)respectively. Postoperative histopathology reported 100 (74%) patients as having benign thyroid nodules and 35 patients (26%) as having malignant thyroid nodules. Postoperative transient hypocalcemia was observed in 9 patients (7%), and temporary horsnese was observed in 3 patients (2%). Conclusion The incidence of malignancy in STN is high. Rapid growth by history and hard fixed nodule by examination and hypoechoic, micro calcification and cervical lymphadenopathy on USG frequently in malignant nodules. Male risk factors for thyroid cancer included age, number and size of nodules. FNAC is more helpful for diagnosing aspiration under USG guidance and reading by experience histopathologists. The type of surgery depends on preoperative evaluation, including history, examination, ultrasound, FNAC result, and intraoperative assessment of the nodule. There are fewer complications of thyroid surgery by experienced surgeons.

A CLINICAL STUDY OF SOLITARY THYROID NODULE

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
U. Shiva ◽  
M. Ramachandra
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule

A solitary thyroid nodule (STN) is dened as a palpable discreet swelling in an other wise normal thyroid gland. Found to affect 4-7% of total population with female to male ratio being 4:1. majority of STN are benign. Benign causes include colloid goiter. and dominant nodule of multi nodular goiter. Incidence of malignancies is around 5- 10%. A systemic approach is needed to evaluate and treat STN.

Role of Lymph Node Dissection in Primary Surgery for Thyroid Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Grubbs ◽  
Douglas B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
N0 Neck ◽  
Preoperative Ultrasound

The preoperative evaluation of the clinically N0 neck and the operative management of cervical lymph nodes in patients with papillary and medullary thyroid cancer remains controversial. The appreciation that even patients with low-risk disease have a significant risk for recurrence has generated interest in a more comprehensive preoperative evaluation of the neck and has renewed debate on the extent of lymphadenectomy at the time of thyroidectomy. The authors recommend using preoperative ultrasound before thyroidectomy for all patients with thyroid cancer and before any subsequent surgeries for recurrent disease to identify the extent of lymph node metastases and thereby facilitate complete surgical removal of all gross disease in the neck. The optimal surgical procedure for removing cervical lymphadenopathy is compartment-oriented neck dissection based on the findings from preoperative ultrasound.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Solitary Thyroid Nodule with Histopathological Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Samia Quadir ◽  
Sabiha Quadir ◽  
Md Momin Uddin ◽  
Kazi Shameemus Salam ◽  
Mohammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Follicular Adenoma ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Background: Thyroid gland is the largest gland of the body which secretes thyroid hormones named T3 & T4. Incidence of solitary thyroid nodule is common in Bangladesh. Objectives: To validate the ultrasonography evaluation of solitary thyroid nodule comparing with histopathological diagnosis. Methodology: This cross sectional study enrolled 75 patients of age range between 14 to 72 years during July 2016 to June 2018 and the study was carried out in the department of Radiology & Imaging of Ultrasonography evaluation was finally compared with histopathological diagnosis which was considered as gold standard. Results: Among 75 patients are included in this study the age ranged between 14 to 72 years. Majority of the patients 37 (49.3%) were found between 31 to 40 years. 65 (86.3%) were female & 10 (13.3%) were male. All patients were presents with thyroid swelling. In USG findings Microcalcifications were present 9 (12%) in benign & 5(6.7%) in malignant cases. Presence of Halo were in all benign cases 14 (18.7%). Comet tail sign were in 5 (6.7%) in benign & 3 (4%) in malignant cases. Histological nodular goiter were 57 (76%), Follicular adenoma 8 (10.7%), Thyroditis 5 (6.7%) and Papillary carcinoma 4 (5.3%), Follicular Carcinoma 1 (1.3%). Conclusion: This cross sectional study was carried out with an aim to determine the usefulness of ultrasonogram diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodule compared with histopathology findings. As the validity test results are higher, it can be concluded that the ultrasonogram is a useful diagnostic modality in the evaluation of solitary thyroid nodule. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2019; 25(2): 76-84

scholarly journals Papillary thyroid cancer in an adolescent with a toxic single nodular goiter

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga S. Rogova ◽  
Goar F. Okminyan ◽  
Lubov N. Samsonova ◽  
Elena V. Kiseleva ◽  
Oleg Yu. Latyshev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Functional Autonomy

The rate of nodular goiter in children ranges from 0.05 to 5.1%; in this case, the risk of thyroid cancer in childhood amounts to 3―70% of all cases of thyroid pathology. Therefore, the main issue is the differential diagnosis of a nosological variant of a thyroid nodule, which defines the optimal therapeutic tactics for a particular patient. The risk of malignancy is traditionally believed to be low in the case of decompensated functional autonomy of a thyroid nodule; therefore, the need for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) followed by cytomorphological analysis of the aspirate is avoided in most cases. The presented clinical case demonstrates papillary cancer in an adolescent with a toxic single nodular goiter. A thyroid ultrasound examination revealed a nodular lesion in the boy. An increase in the thyroid size and thyrotoxicosis manifestation occurred 3 years later. A cytomorphological study identified follicular neoplasia; scintigraphy revealed a hot nodule. Surgical treatment was planned. Antithyroid therapy was prescribed to prepare for surgery. After compensation of thyrotoxicosis, hemithyroidectomy was performed. A histological examination diagnosed papillary thyroid cancer, which required repeated thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine I131 ablation. The postoperative period was uneventful; the patient well tolerated suppressive levothyroxine therapy. Therefore, the presence of a toxic single nodular goiter does not exclude thyroid cancer, which defines the need to discuss the indications for FNAB of thyroid nodules in children.

scholarly journals SOLITARY THYROID NODULE

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 598-602
Author(s):  
AIMEL MUNIR TARRAR ◽  
MADIHA SAEED WAHLA ◽  
SOHAIL ILYAS ◽  
Obaid Ullah Khan ◽  
Ahmed Waqas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Benign Pathology ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Male Patients

Objectives: To determine frequency of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule. Design: Case-series study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Department of Surgery, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from April 2002 till April 2003. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients with clinical solitary thyroid nodule fulfilled the selection criteria and were included in the study. Thyroid function tests, ultrasonography and thyroid scanning was done. Finally FNAC and histopathology were done in all the operated cases and record was evaluated. Results: Out of 60 cases studied, 8 (13.33%) were found to have malignant lesions. The remaining 52 (86.67%) cases had benign pathology. Male patients with solitary thyroid nodule showed a higher incidence of malignancy 17.65% as compared to females 11.63%. Maximum malignant cases (50%) were found between the ages of 31 to 40 years. Papillary carcinoma was the most common malignancy (50%)found in our study. Conclusions: The incidence of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule is quite high (13.33%). So people should be educated to attend thyroid clinics for early diagnosis and adequate treatment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of solitary thyroid nodule by clinical presentation, fine needle aspiration cytology and thyroid scan

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hillu Surriah ◽  
Amine Mohammed Bakkour ◽  
Riad Rahman Jallod Al-Asadi ◽  
Laith Qauis Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Thyroid Scan ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Background: The solitary thyroid nodule, defined as a palpable discrete swelling within an otherwise apparently normal gland, is usually a benign lesion. However, patients and physicians alike are typically concerned about the possibility of thyroid cancer. This study describes a strategy for the treatment of clinically euthyroid patients who have a solitary thyroid nodule that prevents unnecessary testing while identifying the few patients who require therapy.Methods: This is a prospective study of randomly selected patients with clinically palpable, solitary thyroid nodule diagnosed and treated at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital from September 2015 till December 2018. Initially 176 patients were diagnosed by clinical examination to have solitary thyroid nodule but after investigation and operative finding, 42 patients were found to have multinodular goiter and all excluded from the study.Results: All the 134 patients included in the study (21 males and 113 females) have been evaluated by clinical examination; thyroid scan and fine needle aspiration, ultrasound and the results of the evaluation have been correlated with operative histologic diagnosis. The study was undertaken to obtain information on the usefulness of the above measures for predicting or ruling out malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule.Conclusions: The incidence of malignancy seems to be higher among male, presented with hard nodule at palpation, those associated with hoarseness or palpable cervical lymph nodes. A cytological diagnosis of malignant tumor is reliable and provides sufficient basis of definitive surgery for thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Histopathological pattern of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Nazmul Huque ◽  
Mohammad Idrish Ali ◽  
Md Mahmudul Huq ◽  
Sk Nurul Fattah Rumi ◽  
Md Abdus Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Objective: To find out relative frequency and type of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule (STN).Methods: This cross sectional study done in the Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Dhaka and Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during the period of July 2008 to June 2009. For this study, 118 patients who were admitted a case of solitary thyroid nodule for operation. Diagnosed the case by detailed history, clinical examination, investigations, analyzed data presented by various tables, graphs and figures. Total 118 patients were selected as per described criteria from the Department of otolaryngology and head-neck surgery DMCH & BSMMU, Dhaka from July 2008 to July 2009.Results: In this study of 118 patients of STN, majority of the patients were within 21-40 years age group with female predominance. In thyroid malignancy male and female ratio was 1:1.75. Among 118 cases of solitary thyroid nodule 22 cases were malignant. Out of 22 malignant cases, 16(73%) were papillary carcinoma, 4(18%) were follicular carcinoma and 2(9%) were anaplastic carcinoma. Thyroid swelling was the common presentation in all cases (100%), some patients also presented with other symptoms like cervical lymphadenopathy in 6 (5.08%) cases, dysphagia 2(1.69%) cases and hoarseness of voice 1(0.85%) case. Study showed very significant difference (p <0.01) between papillary and follicular carcinoma, highly significant difference (p<0.001) between papillary and anaplastic carcinoma. So, papillary carcinoma was more common among all thyroid malignancies in patients with solitary thyroid nodule.Conclusion: Significant proportion of solitary thyroid nodule (18.65%) was malignant. So, careful assessment of thyroid nodule is important for early diagnosis.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v18i1.10407Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 18(1): 5-10

scholarly journals Clinical study of prevalence of malignancy in nodular thyroid swelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2345
Author(s):  
Balaji Chittipotula ◽  
Rajat Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Medullary Carcinoma ◽  
Nodular Goitre ◽  
Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid ◽  
Solitary Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Swelling ◽  
Thyroid Malignancies ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma Thyroid

Background: Large proportion of thyroid cancers arose from a pre-existing adenoma or from multinodular goiters. Surgical practice of removing thyroid nodule or multiple nodules of thyroid gland has been challenged for surgeons to prevent cancer. Aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule and multi-nodular goitre in relation to age and sex. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of malignancy in patients who underwent thyroidectomies.Methods: Study of 100 cases of nodular thyroid swelling has been done during the period from November 2017 to November 2019 on inpatients admitted to GEMS Hospital, Srikakulam, and Andhra Pradesh, India. Detail clinical examination, relevant investigations, surgical management and histopathological reports were collected and analyzed using software package for statistical analysis (SPSS 20).Results: Out of 100 patients with thyroid swellings, thyroid malignancies constitute 4%. The occurrence of thyroid cancer was maximum in the 4th decade of life. Female patients outnumbered males with a ratio of 4:0. Relative frequency of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodule was 4.76% and in multi-nodular goitre was 3.03%. Most common histopathological type was papillary carcinoma thyroid (50%); followed by follicular carcinoma thyroid (25%) and medullary carcinoma (25%).Conclusions: The prevalence of thyroid malignancy in the present study is at an earlier age group due to early diagnosis and treatment. The prevalence of thyroid cancer is higher in female when compared to those reported in the literature.  The proportion of medullary cancer is more in present study. 

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