scholarly journals Analyzing the Contribution of Crop Diversification in Improving Household Nutrition Security Among Wheat-dominated Rural Households in Sinana District, Bale Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dereje Derso ◽  
Degefa Tolossa ◽  
Abrham Seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Regional State

Abstract The long-term impact of malnutrition on people’s lives, most notably in health, education, and productivity, highly affects the human capital. Agriculture directly contributes to nutrition security by enabling farm households to access micronutrient food by using their farm income. This study was intended to assess effect of crop diversification on household nutrition security and explores determinants of under-five child malnutrition among rural farm households of Sinana Woreda, Oromia regional state. Multi-stage sampling followed by a systematic random sampling technique was used to include study subjects. Structured questionnaire, focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interview was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements were collected and converted into Z-scores by WHO Anthro version 3.2.2., 2011 software. Then exported to STATA and analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Pearson Correlation coefficients was calculated to see the correlation of the nutrition security status indicators and crop diversification index. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with child nutrition. The result revealed that the prevalence of malnutrition particularly, stunting was (23.81%), underweight (21.16%) and wasting (9.52%), respectively. The correlation coefficient indicates that crop diversification is negatively correlated with stunting and wasting and positively correlated with underweight and child dietary diversity score. Multivariate logistic regression model indicate that child nutritional status is strongly associated with age of household head, maternal and parental education, farm land size, TLU, availability of potable water, child sex, child dietary diversity, household access to toilet, total annual income, and household access to health services. In conclusion, policy and development interventions should target intensive agricultural production, development of rural infrastructure, education and awareness creation tools to provide households up to date nutritional knowledge and agricultural technologies to increase production and income, and thereby enhance household nutrition security.

scholarly journals The effect of sustainable land management technologies on farming household food security in Kwara state, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Shehu Salau ◽  
Robiu Aliu ◽  
Nofiu Nofiu
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Sustainable Land Management ◽  
Security Index ◽  
Farming Households

Nigeria is among countries of the world confronted with the food insecurity problem. The agricultural production systems that produce food for the teeming population are not sustainable. Consequently, the use of Sustainable Land Management (SLM) technologies becomes a viable option. This study assessed the effect of SLM technologies on farming households? food security in Kwara State, Nigeria. A random sampling technique was used to pick 200 farming households for this study. The analytical tools included descriptive statistics, Shriar index, Likert scale, food security index and logistic regression analysis. The results indicated that the average age of the respondents was 51.8 years. The food security index showed that the proportions of food secure and insecure households were 35% and 65% respectively. The binary logistic regression revealed that SLM technologies were one of the critical determinants of food security. An increase in the usage of SLM technologies by 0.106% raised food security by 1%. Other important factors that were estimated included farm income, family size, gender and age of the household head. To reduce the effects of food insecurity, the effective coping strategies adopted by the respondents were reduction in quantity and quality of food consumed, engaging in off-farm jobs to increase household income and using of money proposed for other purposes to buy foods. Governments at all levels should encourage the adoption and use of SLM technologies through both print and electronic media. Policies and strategies towards reducing the household size should be vigorously pursued to reduce food insecurity.

scholarly journals Ameliorating Food and Nutrition Security in Farm Households: Does Informatization Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershom Endelani Mwalupaso ◽  
Shangao Wang ◽  
Aseres Mamo Eshetie ◽  
Xu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Robust Regression ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Improving food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa’s farm households has become a prominent priority subject for researchers and policymakers alike. Interestingly, it is realized through enhancement in dietary diversity and quality. To this end, better access to food and information is considered a prerequisite. Given that mobile phone coverage offers new prospects for increasing rural households’ access to information, can informatization (mobile phone used as a concrete example) possibly influence dietary diversity and quality? Cross-sectional data collected from farm households in Zambia is used to address this topic by applying the ordinary least square and endogenous switching regression (ESR). Household dietary diversity score was constructed based on a 7-days recall approach to measure consumption patterns. Our robust regression result indicates that mobile phone use positively and significantly influences dietary diversity and quality. Particularly, gender-disaggregated regression reveals that male-headed households have stronger positive associations than their counterparts. We also find that in comparison to non-adopters, adopters consume three more foods weekly. This is attributable to the income gains and increased frequency in information access on account of mobile phone adoption. Conversely, average consumption would increase by two more foods weekly if mobile phones were adopted in non-adopting households. Therefore, our study puts forwards substantial empirical evidence to warrant policy formulation directed at promoting informatization among farm households. Eventually, this could possibly recuperate dynamism in agricultural food production as food and nutrition security in farm households ameliorates.

scholarly journals Rice crop residue management and its impact on farmers livelihood - an empirical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Uddin ◽  
K Fatema
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
Agricultural Income

The study aimed to examine the present status of rice crop residue management and its impact on farmers’ livelihood covering two sub-districts in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. A total of 100 farmers (50 for crop residue practicing farmers and 50 for the farmers involved in traditional farming) were selected randomly for data collection. A combination of descriptive, statistical and mathematical techniques were applied to achieve the objectives and to get the meaningful results. The results of descriptive statistics showed that retention was found higher in far distance plots from homestead. No retention of crop residues was found in case of Aus and Aman rice. The whole retention was found only in case of Boro rice. The shortage of labour in season and the wage rate were also important factors for the retention of crop residues. However, farmers’ perceptions about the use of crop residues were mostly adding organic matter to the crop field followed by mulching and feeding animal. The recycling of resources among crop retention and livestock has the great potential to return a considerable amount of plant nutrients to the soil in the rice based crop production systems. Due to crop residue practices, crop and livestock both were benefited through resource interdependences. The sampled farmers were benefited from retention of crop residues by improving soil quality, soil moisture, etc.; and farmers used less amounts of fertilizer, irrigation water, etc. for the succeeding crops. Consequently, succeeding crop productivity, profitability and annual income were increased significantly. The result of logit regression model shows that age of household head, farm size, agricultural income and non-farm income were found as significant variables in explaining the variation in crop residue adoption of farm households. To assess the livelihood pattern of sample farm households through asset pentagon approach, noteworthy improvement was found s on different capitals. The study identified some problems regarding crop residue management and finally, recommended that if the farmers get proper training for such management, it would be helpful to improve their livelihood.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 189-199, 2016

Improved nutrition and resilience will make conservation agriculture more attractive for Zambian smallholder farmers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Blessing Mhlanga ◽  
Mulundu Mwila ◽  
Christian Thierfelder
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Total System ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition

Abstract Food and nutrition insecurity in southern Africa call for improvements in traditional agriculture systems. Conservation Agriculture (CA) based on minimum soil disturbance, permanent soil cover and crop diversification has been implemented as a strategy to maintain yields while safeguarding the environment. However, less focus has been placed on potential synergistic benefits on nutrition security. Maize-based systems may increase household income through selling but may not lead to proportionate reduction in malnutrition. Crop diversification in CA systems can have a direct impact on the nutritional status of farm households due to improved dietary diversity. Here we assess how the integration of grain legumes, cowpeas and soybeans, in maize-based CA systems either as intercrops or rotational crops affects maize grain yield and stability, total energy yield, protein yield and surplus calories after satisfying the daily requirement per household. The experiments were carried out from 2012 to 2020 (nine consecutive cropping seasons) in six eastern Zambian on-farm communities using 966 observations. Results show that intercropping compromises maize yields with marginal yield penalties of −5% compared to no-till monocropping. However, intercropped yields were more stable across environments. Total system caloric energy and protein yield were highest in intercropping systems due to higher productivity per unit land area owing to the additive contribution of both maize and legumes. Total system caloric energy and protein yield reached yearly averages of 60 GJ ha−1 and 517 kg ha−1, respectively, for the intercropping system as compared to 48 GJ ha−1 and 263 kg ha−1 in monocropped maize systems. Tillage-based monocrop resulted in the least stable yields. Our results suggest that intercropping maize with grain legumes in CA systems is a promising option for smallholder farming households to improve dietary diversity, dietary quality and stability of yields thus contributing to sustainable agriculture intensification while maintaining food and nutrition security.

scholarly journals Urbanization and its Impact on Production Diversity and Income of Farm Households: An Economic Analysis Across Rural-Urban Interface of Bengaluru

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udaykumar, M.S
Keyword(s):  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Urban Gradient ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Rural Transition ◽  
Production Diversity

The study was conducted in North of Bengaluru with an aim to analyze effect of urbanization on production diversity, farm income and factors influencing the same across the rural-urban interface. The required data was collected randomly from 80 farmers each under rural, transition and urban gradients. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the drivers of farm income. Herfindahl index was employed to capture the extent of production diversification. Results revealed that the rural farmers diversified from food crops to vegetable and flower crops over the years. Whereas, farmers of transition and urban gradients chose to grow high value horticulture crops instead of food crops. During 2019, the extent of diversification was more in transition (0.21) and rural (0.25) gradients compared to urban (0.29) gradient. In rural gradients, the major share of farm income was from cereals (31.79 %) followed by vegetables (28.65 %) and perennials (17.88 %) in 2014 but the major share was replaced by vegetables (28.69 %) and flower crops (19.98) in 2019. In transition and urban gradients, the major source of farm income was from vegetables in 2014 which was later substituted by fruit crops in 2019. Over the period of five years, the percentage increase in average farm income of households was highest in urban gradient (143.07 %) followed by rural (140.15 %) and transition (110.50 %) gradients. Land holding size, education, borrowed capital and investment in farming emerged as the principal determinants of farm income. As a whole, the study concludes that, urbanization led investment on high value crops through crop diversification which played a significant role in augmenting the farm income.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Household Adoption of Solar Home System in Baso Liben District, Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmare Mossie Zeru ◽  
Dawit Diriba Guta
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Solar Home System

Abstract Background: Although solar energy is abundant, accessible, affordable, and ecologically and environmentally friendly, in rural Ethiopia the majority of households are still using pollutant kerosene for lighting. It is important to understand the demand and supply-side factors affecting adoption of technology. For this purpose, this study investigates the factors influencing household adoption of the solar home system (SHS).Methodology: The data used for the econometric model was collected from randomly selected 228 solar home system adopter and 143 non- adopter households in Baso Liben district, Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. The logistic regression model was applied to examine the factors affecting households’ willingness to adopt SHS. Results: The finding of this study shows significant variation in many of the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics between adopters and non-adopters. The result of the binary logistic regression model indicated that as income of a household increase, their propensity to adopt solar home system also increases. Likewise, participation in off-farm income activities, house type, educational status of the head, training access, media access, and prior knowledge of the technology positively correlated with the probability of adoption. On the other hand, the gender of the head (being male) and access to electricity were negatively associated with the adoption of SHS. Conclusion: Therefore, policy measures should create awareness through training, education, and information access or better media availability, and improving the economic status of households through creating lucrative off-farm income-earning opportunities to achieve enhanced adoption of the solar home system.

scholarly journals On- and Off-Farm Diversification and Travel Time to Markets: Linkages to Food Security in Rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Bergau ◽  
Tim K. Loos ◽  
Orkhan Sariyev
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Food And Nutrition Security ◽  
Farm Diversification ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Production Diversity ◽  
On Farm

AbstractFood insecurity persists in large parts of Ethiopia. Recent literature suggests that both on-farm and off-farm diversification, as well as access to agricultural markets, may help improve household dietary diversity scores (HDDS) as an indicator for food and nutrition security. While the HDDS is frequently used, a diversity score for the production side has rarely been applied at a comparable level of (dis-)aggregation. Employing socio-economic data collected covering 400 Ethiopian smallholder farmers, this study investigates how the travel time to markets, non-farm income, and on-farm production diversity associate with household food and nutrition security. Findings suggest that production diversity and higher non-farm income are linked to more diverse diets. With longer travel time to markets, food consumption is less varied. Production diversity and increased market participation do not appear to be mutually exclusive, and thus, should be considered equally when developing policy interventions.

scholarly journals Impact of introducing low lift pump on improving income of farm households in some areas of Bhola district in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
MK Majumder ◽  
MS Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Average Educational Level

This study focuses the impact of low lift pump (LLP) on farm income and cropping patterns followed by the selected farmers in Bhola district. A random sampling technique was used for the study. Primary data were collected from 60 LLP users from January to March, 2010 through two set of pre-tested questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and profit function were used in the study. Most of the farmers are well experience in farming. The average age of the household head is 47 for owner, 45 for tenant, 44 for owner cum tenant and 41 for LLP owners. The average educational level is 6 for owner, 4 for cash tenant, 5 for owner cum tenant and 5 for LLP Owners. Household size is the largest for cash tenant which is 5.36. Mug – Fallow - B.Aman was the main cropping patterns before using LLP and it was 39.22%. On the other hand, Boro – Fallow -T.Aman was the main cropping pattern after introducing LLP and it was 53.22% in the study area. The income increased in all categories of farmers due to the introduction of LLP. Cash tenant earned more and owner cultivators earned less among the farmer’s categories.   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i2.11035   J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 9(2): 233–240, 2011

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