Anorectal Melanoma - Brownish Black Mass Not Always a Hemorrhoid

Abstract The non-specific clinical symptoms of anorectal brownish-black mass do not help to differentiate colorectal cancer, hemorrhoids, rectal ulcers which result in a delayed diagnosis or lead to inadequate management of lethal anorectal melanoma. Primary malignant melanoma of the anorectal region is an uncommon tumor, constituting approximately 1% of anal canal tumors which may be misdiagnosed clinically as hemorrhoids. Because of aggressive behavior and poor prognosis, efficient and prompt diagnosis is required in these cases. We report the 2 cases of this rare tumor.

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Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Associated with Fistula in an 87-Year-Old Managed with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation and ELAPE at Tata Memorial Hospital, in Mumbai

Global Surgery Case Reports ◽

10.31487/j.gscr.2020.02.09 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Avanish Saklani ◽

Seke Manase Ephraim KAZUMA ◽

Vivek Sukumar ◽

Avanish Saklani

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Distant Metastasis ◽

Mucinous Adenocarcinoma ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation ◽

Tata Memorial Hospital ◽

The Third ◽

Cutaneous Flap

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cancer-related death worldwide. Mucinous adenocarcinoma associated with anal fistula is a rare variant of adenocarcinoma, presents with delayed diagnosis, locally advanced, low nodal, and no distant metastasis. Adenocarcinoma associated with fistula (ACAF) is rare, has delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis but can be managed with neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT) and complete curative resections with reconstruction by V-Y advancement cutaneous flap.

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Primary anorectal malignant melanomas: retrospective analysis of 11 cases in a single center

Turkish Journal of Surgery ◽

10.47717/turkjsurg.2021.4810 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 63-67

Author(s):

Erol Pişkin ◽

Osman Aydın ◽

Abdullah Şenlikçi ◽

Mehmet Yiğit Özgün ◽

Volkan Öter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Surgical Results ◽

Rare Tumor ◽

Tumor Depth ◽

Single Center ◽

Anorectal Malignant Melanoma ◽

Advanced Stages ◽

Training And Research ◽

Anorectal Region

Objective: Anorectal malignant melanoma is a rare tumor with poor prognosis. In this study, it was aimed to present our surgical results by reviewing the literature retrospectively in 11 patients who underwent surgery for ARMM in our clinic. Material and Methods: The patients who underwent surgery for anorectal malignant melanoma in Yuksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital between 2007-2018 were included in the study. Results: Four patients were males and seven were females. Mean age was 54.18. The tumor was in the rectum in 4 cases, in the anorectal region in 3 cases and in the anal canal in 4 cases. Wide local excision was performed in 3 cases and APR was performed in 8 cases. Four of the cases were stage I, 6 were stage II and 1 was stage III. Mean tumor size was 4.73 cm, and mean tumor depth was 13.6 mm. Mean number of metastatic lymph nodes was 10.37. Median survival was 12 months. Conclusion: Anorectal malignant melanoma is a type of tumor diagnosed in late and advanced stages due to lack of specific findings. Although ARMM is rare, when rectal bleeding, pain, hemorrhoids and changes in bowel habits are observed, ARMM should be kept in mind.

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High Expression of LTBP2 Contributes to Poor Prognosis in Patients with Colorectal Cancer

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3244026 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ying Huang ◽

Guihua Wang ◽

Chunmei Zhao ◽

Rong Geng ◽

Shu Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

High Expression

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Early T Stage Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Metastatic Liver Colorectal Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2020.00716 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Lunpo Wu ◽

Jianfei Fu ◽

Yi Chen ◽

Liangjing Wang ◽

Shu Zheng

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

T Stage ◽

Metastatic Liver

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MYH9-dependent polarization of ATG9B promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by accelerating focal adhesion assembly

Cell Death and Differentiation ◽

10.1038/s41418-021-00813-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Zhong ◽

Ting Long ◽

Chuan-Sha Gu ◽

Jing-Yi Tang ◽

Ling-Fang Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Focal Adhesion ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Cancer Metastasis ◽

Integrin Β1 ◽

Independent Manner ◽

Interacting Protein ◽

Tumour Metastasis ◽

Elevated Expression ◽

Dependent Polarization

AbstractTumour metastasis is a major reason accounting for the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and the discovery of targets in the primary tumours that can predict the risk of CRC metastasis is now urgently needed. In this study, we identified autophagy-related protein 9B (ATG9B) as a key potential target gene for CRC metastasis. High expression of ATG9B in tumour significantly increased the risk of metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC. Mechanistically, we further find that ATG9B promoted CRC invasion mainly through autophagy-independent manner. MYH9 is the pivotal interacting protein for ATG9B functioning, which directly binds to cytoplasmic peptide segments aa368–411 of ATG9B by its head domain. Furthermore, the combination of ATG9B and MYH9 enhance the stability of each other by decreasing their binding to E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1, therefore preventing them from ubiquitin-mediated degradation, which further amplified the effect of ATG9B and MYH9 in CRC cells. During CRC cell invasion, ATG9B is transported to the cell edge with the assistance of MYH9 and accelerates focal adhesion (FA) assembly through mediating the interaction of endocytosed integrin β1 and Talin-1, which facilitated to integrin β1 activation. Clinically, upregulated expression of ATG9B in human CRC tissue is always accompanied with highly elevated expression of MYH9 and associated with advanced CRC stage and poor prognosis. Taken together, this study highlighted the important role of ATG9B in CRC metastasis by promoting focal adhesion assembly, and ATG9B together with MYH9 can provide a pair of potential therapeutic targets for preventing CRC progression.

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Clinical characteristics and treatment of mixed-pesticide poisoning in a patient: reflections on a particular case

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520977392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

pp. 030006052097739

Author(s):

Yiming Tao ◽

Tingting Liu ◽

Jie Han ◽

Xiangdong Jian ◽

Baotian Kan

Keyword(s):

Medical History ◽

Intramuscular Injection ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Delayed Diagnosis ◽

Acute Poisoning ◽

Assisted Ventilation ◽

Pesticide Poisoning ◽

Methods Of Suicide ◽

Commit Suicide ◽

Careful Physical Examination

Patients who commit suicide often deliberately hide their medical history. Given that taking pesticides is one of the most common methods of suicide, other forms of poisoning may be neglected in clinical practice. We report here a case of mixed-pesticide poisoning. The patient was poisoned by oral administration of a coumarin rodenticide in combination with an intramuscular injection of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide. The patient was treated with vitamin K1, cholinesterase reactivators, atropine, ventilator-assisted ventilation, and bedside debridement. Her condition gradually stabilized and she eventually recovered and was discharged. Assessment of the causes of delayed diagnosis and treatment suggests that we need to improve early detection and treatment of acute poisoning. It is especially important to ask about the patient’s medical history, conduct a careful physical examination, and track the clinical symptoms and differential diagnosis of common poisoning. In addition to the three common routes of poisoning—oral, inhalation, and cutaneous mucosal contact—intramuscular injection of OP can also lead to severe poisoning, which manifests as respiratory failure.

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Transcriptome of Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients Uncovered a Unique Gene Signature in CD4+ T Cells Associated with Poor Disease-Specific Survival

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9040334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 334

Author(s):

Salman M. Toor ◽

Varun Sasidharan Nair ◽

Reem Saleh ◽

Rowaida Z. Taha ◽

Khaled Murshed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

T Cells ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Cd4 T Cells ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Gene Signature ◽

The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽

Disease Specific Survival ◽

Unique Gene ◽

Disease Specific

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is influenced by infiltration of immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment. While elevated levels of cytotoxic T cells are associated with improved prognosis, limited studies have reported associations between CD4+ T cells and disease outcomes. We recently performed transcriptomic profiling and comparative analyses of sorted CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from bulk tumors of CRC patients with varying disease stages. In this study, we compared the transcriptomes of CD4+ with CD8+ TILs. Functional annotation pathway analyses revealed the downregulation of inflammatory response-related genes, while T cell activation and angiogenesis-related genes were upregulated in CD4+ TILs. The top 200 deregulated genes in CD4+ TILs were aligned with the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) CRC dataset to identify a unique gene signature associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, 69 upregulated and 20 downregulated genes showed similar trends of up/downregulation in the TCGA dataset and were used to calculate “poor prognosis score” (ppScore), which was significantly associated with disease-specific survival. High ppScore patients showed lower expression of Treg-, Th1-, and Th17-related genes, and higher expression of Th2-related genes. Our data highlight the significance of T cells within the TME and identify a unique candidate prognostic gene signature for CD4+ TILs in CRC patients.

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