scholarly journals Visualizations of Combinatorial Entropy Index on Whole SARS-CoV-2 Genomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Zheng ◽  
Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Information Entropy ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Entropy Index ◽  
Theory Of Information ◽  
Visualization Technology ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Index Maps ◽  
Visual Results

Abstract In this paper, a set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from four countries are selected for visualizations under the C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Based on the variant construction and the theory of information entropy, the module makes statistics on the number of bases in SARS-CoV-2 sequences to calculate the base probability measures in segments to generate the combinatorial entropy index data from the base probability measures. Under visualization technology, the combinatorial entropy index is projected on 2D clustering genomic index maps and 1D histogram maps to provide projection results. The visual results provide intuitive and easy properties to analyze complicated clustering among genomes to support clustering analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in batches, showing the distribution characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in different countries or regions conveniently.

scholarly journals Visualizations of Combinatorial Entropy Index on Whole SARS-CoV-2 Genomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Zheng ◽  
Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Information Entropy ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Entropy Index ◽  
Theory Of Information ◽  
Visualization Technology ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Index Maps ◽  
Visual Results

Abstract In this paper, a set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from four countries are selected for visualizations under the C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Based on the variant construction and the theory of information entropy, the module makes statistics on the number of bases in SARS-CoV-2 sequences to calculate the base probability measures in segments to generate the combinatorial entropy index data from the base probability measures. Under visualization technology, the combinatorial entropy index is projected on 2D clustering genomic index maps and 1D histogram maps to provide projection results. The visual results provide intuitive and easy properties to analyze complicated clustering among genomes to support clustering analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in batches, showing the distribution characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in different countries or regions conveniently.

scholarly journals Visualizations of Multiple Probability Measures for SARS-CoV-2 Genomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Yao ◽  
Jeffrey Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Visual Results

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 genomes are collected from various open source genomic banks. A set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes are selected for visualization under both the A3 and C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Multiple probability measures are mapped as relevant 1D histograms, and it is convenient to observe distinct differences among various distributions to organize similar patterns into relevant groups. Sample genomes were processed, and their visual results were illustrated.

scholarly journals Visualizations of Multiple Probability Measures for SARS-CoV-2 Genomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Yao ◽  
Jeffrey Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Probability Measures ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Visual Results

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 genomes are collected from various open source genomic banks. A set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes are selected for visualization under both the A3 and C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Multiple probability measures are mapped as relevant 1D histograms, and it is convenient to observe distinct differences among various distributions to organize similar patterns into relevant groups. Sample genomes were processed, and their visual results were illustrated.

Application of IVAP-Based Observation Operator in Radar Radial Velocity Assimilation: The Case of Typhoon Fitow

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 4187-4203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xudong Liang ◽  
Hao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Observation Operator ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Tangential Wind ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Background Fields

An improved Doppler radar radial velocity assimilation observation operator is proposed based on the integrating velocity–azimuth process (IVAP) method. This improved operator can ingest both radial wind and its spatial distribution characteristics to deduce the two components of the mean wind within a given area. With this operator, the system can be used to assimilate information from tangential wind and radial wind. On the other hand, because the improved observation operator is defined within a given area, which can be uniformly chosen in both the observation and analysis coordinate systems, it has a thinning function. The traditional observation operator and the improved observation operator, along with their corresponding data processing modules, were implemented in the community Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system (GSI) to demonstrate the superiority of the improved operator. The results of single analysis unit experiments revealed that the two operators are comparable when the analysis unit is small. When the analysis unit becomes larger, the analysis results of the improved operator are better than those of the traditional operator because the former can ingest more wind information than the latter. The results of a typhoon case study indicated that both operators effectively ingested radial wind information and produced more reasonable typhoon structures than those in the background fields. The tangential velocity relative to the radar was retrieved by the improved operator through ingesting tangential wind information from the spatial distribution characteristics of radial wind. Because of the improved vortex intensity and structure, obvious improvements were seen in both track and intensity predictions when the improved operator was used.

scholarly journals Damage Identification Method of Beam Structure Based on Modal Curvature Utility Information Entropy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Chang-Sheng Xiang ◽  
Ling-Yun Li ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Zi Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Information Entropy ◽  
Damage Identification ◽  
Local Mode ◽  
Beam Structure ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Entropy Index ◽  
Damage Degree ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
Modal Curvature ◽  
Utility Information

Generally, the damage of the structure will lead to the discontinuity of the local mode shape, which can be well reflected by the modal curvature of the structure, and the local information entropy of the beam structure will also change with the discontinuity of the mode. In this paper, based on the information entropy theory and combining the advantages of modal curvature index in damage identification of beam structure, the modal curvature utility information entropy index is proposed. The modal curvature curves of nondestructive structures were obtained by fitting the modal curvature curves of damage structures with the gapped smoothing technique to avoid dependence on the baseline data of nondestructive structures. The index comprehensively reflects the damage state of the structure by calculating mutual weight change matrix and the weight-probability coefficient. The performance of the new index was verified by the finite element simulation and model test of simply supported beam, respectively. The results show that the modal curvature utility information entropy index takes advantage of the modal curvature index which is sensitive to damage and can overcome its shortcomings effectively. The index proposed can identify the damage location and damage degree accurately and has certain noise immunity, which provides an effective damage identification indicator for beam structures.

scholarly journals An Efficient Damage Identification Method for Simply Supported Beams Based on Strain Energy Information Entropy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chang-Sheng Xiang ◽  
Ling-Yun Li ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Cong Dang
Keyword(s):  
Information Entropy ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Modal Strain Energy ◽  
Entropy Index ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Energy Information

Concrete simply supported beams are widely used in small- and medium-sized bridges. Hinged slabs and joints are damaged in service easily, as they are the main load-carrying members of bridge. In this paper, using the high sensitivity and strong antinoise characteristics of strain energy to damage, a strain energy information entropy index is proposed for identifying local damage in hinge joints and hinged slabs. Moreover, a new damage index of the local strain energy entropy function is constructed according to the strain energy of a hinge joint element and its surrounding elements. A simply supported beam model is established to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed damage index of hinge joints can accurately locate and quantify the degree of damage of single-hinge joints and multihinge joints. The improved modal strain energy information entropy index is sensitive to single-hinge slab damage and can accurately identify damage with noise levels of 5% and 10%.

The Information Entropy Prisms on Riverine Water Quality Evolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianrui Pang ◽  
Jiping Jiang ◽  
Bellie Sivakuamr ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Tong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Diffusion Process ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
System Boundary ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Entropy Index ◽  
Boundary Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quality Process

<p>Information entropy theory has been largely applied in hydrological modeling and engineering optimization. Recently the entropy description and explanation of reactive solute mixing and transport process has received increasing attentions. Literatures mainly focus theoretical analysis on hypothetical cases, however, the direct observation and calculation with field datasets are hardly reported.</p><p>This work studied the change of information entropy in surface water solute transport system with field data. A comprehensive information entropy based analysis framework were proposed, which works like a combined optical system with Optical Sources-Filters-Prisms-Images. We established four basic probability space, leading to four basic information entropy indexes: Dilution index (E), Flux index (F), Spatial entropy index (Gx) , and Temporal entropy index (Gt).</p><p>The evolution characteristic of information entropy in one-component solute diffusion system is studied by using the method of discrete information entropy analysis. In the system boundary definition of fixed observation, the information entropy appears a peak in time and space dimension, and the peak value of information entropy appears in the first 20%-30% of the fixed observation interval, while in the system boundary definition of dynamic observation, information entropy decreases continuously with the increase of time and space distance. Through the local sensitivity analysis of the hydrodynamic parameters of the above analytical solutions, it is found that the sensitivity of information entropy H to diffusion coefficient Dx is relatively constant, and the greater the degradation coefficient k is, the more sensitive the monitoring time t is to k, the more sensitive the spatial change of information entropy is to the change of flow velocity ux with the increase of distance, while the change of time is insensitive to ux.</p><p>Furthermore, the evolution characteristic of information entropy in complex water quality process of rivers is studied. The Guangming section of Maozhou River in Shenzhen is taken as the research area. BOD-DO and nitrogen elements (NH3-N, NO3-N, Org-N) water quality process were selected, and one-dimensional S-P model and WASP_EUTRO water quality model were constructed respectively. After model calibration and verification, the changing characteristics of information entropy, mutual information and information transfer index are analyzed under the system definition of fixed observation. It was found that the transformation reaction process gradually replaced the diffusion process in the complex water quality process as the main factor affecting the change of information entropy, and the information entropy change law in the single component diffusion process no longer exists in the complex water quality process.</p>

The Developing of Query and Analysis System for 3D Digital City

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Meng Li
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Digital City ◽  
3D Gis ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Virtual Reality Technology ◽  
Visualization Technology ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Analysis System

With the maturity of 2D GIS technology, and the development of 3D GIS and digital city, Not only can it browse roaming system, but it is more important in spatial analysis ability. The development of digital city technology for urban planning provides an effective way, with the 3D visualization technology, virtual reality technology and the applied 3D GIS spatial analysis function of 3D digital city construction. The development of the digital city faces the opportunity in this paper under the background of this 3D digital city is put forward the development and implementation of query analysis system.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Characteristic Analysis of Ethnic Toponyms Based on Spatial Information Entropy at the Rural Level in Northeast China

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Yao Fu ◽  
Guize Luan ◽  
Sujin Zhang ◽  
Jingzhi Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Temporal Database ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cultural Connotations

As a symbol language, toponyms have inherited the unique local historical culture in the long process of historical development. As the birthplace of Manchu, there are many toponyms originated from multi-ethnic groups (e.g., Manchu, Mongol, Korean, Hui, and Xibe) in Northeast China which possess unique cultural connotations. This study aimed to (1) establish a spatial-temporal database of toponyms in Northeast China using a multi-source data set, and identify their ethnic types and origin times; and (2) explore the geographical distribution characteristics of ethnic toponyms and the evolution of rural settlements by comparing the spatial analysis and spatial information entropy methods. The results found that toponyms reflect not only the spatial distribution characteristics of the density and direction of ethnic groups, but also the migration law of rural settlements. Results also confirm that toponyms contain unique cultural connotations and provide a theoretical basis for the protection and promotion of the cultural connotations of toponyms. This research provides an entropic perspective and method for exploring the spatial-temporal evolutionary characteristics of ethnic groups and toponym mapping.

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