scholarly journals Voluntary Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Rural Non-Circumcising Provinces of Northern, Muchinga and Luapula, 2018–2020. A Cross Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Chirwa ◽  
George Magwende ◽  
Philip Mwala ◽  
Ebedy Sadoki ◽  
Frank Chirowa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Demand Creation ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract IntroductionWe describe the VMMC uptake across in Rural Non-circumcising provinces of Luapula, Northern and Muchinga 2018 to 2020. Method This was cross sectional analysis of routine programme data targeting males 10 years older (from October 2018 to April 2020), 15 years (from May 2020) and above VMMC was undertaken using both static and outreach activities. A multi-pronged strategy was adopted that included procurement of VMMC kits to supplement the government’s shortfall, training of VMMC providers (doctors, clinical officers and nurses) dedicated space for circumcision in each facility, logistics support ( fuel and allowances) for outreach programs, mapping of catchment areas for community mobilization and demand creation. All circumcisions performed were recorded in MOH VMMC registers. Data collected was verified by Provincial Health Office. Daily Situation Room (DSR) reports were used to monitor performance. Poor performing districts were followed up and challenges addressed to improve performance. ResultsA total of 2,130 focused outreach activities were carried out between 2018 and 2020 across the three provinces and 486,750 participants were reached. Of the 486,750 participants reached, 151, 428 were circumcised; 56136 (37%) from Northern, 49297 (33%) from Muchinga, and 45995 (30%) from Luapula. There was a three-fold increase in circumcision between 2018 and 2019 (14,746 circumcisions in 2018 vs 54,287 circumcisions in 2019) and a 14% increase from 2019 (38%) to 2020 (52%; 58,287 circumcisions). Most (76%) of the circumcision were done in the age group 15 to 29 years. HIV testing was undertaken among 6,319 participants giving a positivity rate of 2.4% (149). Improved results were associated with logistical support such as transport, VMMC commodity supplies, and increased dedicated VMMC providers. ConclusionHealth systems support including training, logistical support, dedicated space and supply of commodities assisted in increase of VMMC uptake in these rural non-traditional circumcision provinces. even amidst the outbreak of COVID19. Health systems strengthening and community outreach programmes are recommended for building health programs resilience in era of the COVID pandemic.

Development and implementation of a longitudinal quality assessment for community outreach programs.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 235-235
Author(s):  
Yolanda Martins ◽  
Elizabeth Gonzalez-Suarez ◽  
Luis de Zengotita ◽  
Magnolia Contreras ◽  
Anne L Levine
Keyword(s):  
Community Education ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Logic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Logic Models ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Common ◽  
Underserved Minorities

235 Background: Part of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute’s mission is to educate the community and raise awareness about the importance of cancer prevention, outreach, screening, early detection, clinical trials and survivorship. Development of a logic model and evaluation plan enables us to assess program quality and identify areas for improvement and future outreach. Methods: A forward logic, iterative approach was used to develop logic models for our community outreach programs. Models were reviewed by key stakeholders including program staff and management. These were used as the basis for a comprehensive logic model encompassing the common elements across all programs. Results: Seven logic models were developed to capture work in tobacco, sun safety, breast health, obesity prevention, community education programs, as well as comprehensive community benefits program model. We designed a developmental evaluation to allow for an assessment that could be adapted in a dynamic, ever-changing environment. This approach is also responsive to program growth and changes. It measures demographic information about our community participants, satisfaction with our programs, and strength of our community partnerships and compares these to internal benchmarks and state information. We can re-contact participants for on-going assessments and provide cross-sectional and longitudinal reports. RedCap freeware was used to create online versions of all tracking measures. Since (date) we have captured information from 119 community participants, most of whom are Black and Latino/a, and are representative of traditionally underserved minorities. Conclusions: Logic models and evaluation plans are integral components of community outreach programming. They ensure that effective, high-quality community outreach programming is being delivered, allow for the assessment of impact and assessment against program benchmarks. More importantly, they provide continuous information about areas for program growth and improvement.

Trends in use of psychotropic medications among patients treated with cholinesterase inhibitors in Japan from 2002 to 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Okumura ◽  
Takashi Togo ◽  
Junichi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Psychotropic Medications ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Nationally Representative

ABSTRACTBackground:We aimed to examine trends in the use of psychotropic medications among elderly outpatients with dementia in Japan between 2002 and 2010.Methods:We used data from the 2002–2010 Survey of Medical Care Activities in Public Health Insurance (SMCA-PHI), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of claims data for the month of June in every year. We included ambulatory care visits by patients aged 65 years or older who were prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors (n = 15,591), and identified use of any psychotropic medications during the survey month.Results:In 2008–2010, the most prevalently prescribed psychotropic medications to patients with dementia were sedatives-hypnotics (37.5%), antipsychotics (24.9%), antidepressants (13.0%), and mood-stabilizers (2.9%). Between 2002–2004 and 2008–2010, use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) increased from 5.0% to 12.0%, while use of first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) decreased from 20.6% to 12.9%. These numbers resulted in a 1.1-fold increase in the adjusted prevalence of the overall use of antipsychotics. Quetiapine and risperidone use showed a 4.8- and 1.8-fold increase, respectively, while haloperidol use showed a 2.3-fold decrease.Conclusions:Despite safety warnings against the use of antipsychotics for patients with dementia in several countries, our study revealed a slight increase in the extensive use of off-label antipsychotics over time in Japan. This finding indicates an urgent need for evaluation of the efficacy of antipsychotics for the approved treatment of severe agitation, aggression, and psychosis associated with dementia. Moreover, psychosocial interventions and antipsychotic withdrawal strategies are needed in order to reduce the overall prevalence of antipsychotic use.

scholarly journals Motivating doctors into leadership and management: a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Leader ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-200
Author(s):  
Agnes Bäker ◽  
Mickael Bech ◽  
Jaason Geerts ◽  
Susanne Maigaard Axelsen ◽  
Henrik Ullum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Leadership Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Motivation To Lead ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Leadership Pipeline ◽  
Medical Leadership ◽  
Motivation To Participate

PurposeCalls for doctors to enter management are louder as the benefits of medical leadership become clearer. However, supply is not meeting demand. This study asks doctors (physicians): what might encourage you to go into leadership, and what are the disincentives? The same was asked about leadership training. First, the paper tries to understand doctors’ motivation to lead, specifically, to explore the job characteristics that act as incentives and disincentives. Second, the study points to organisational obstacles that further shrink the medical leadership pipeline.MethodDoctors were surveyed through the Organization of Danish Medical Societies. Our key variables included: (1) the incentives and disincentives for doctors of going into leadership and management and (2) the motivation to participate in leadership training. Our sample of 3534 doctors (17% response) is representative of the population of doctors in Denmark.FindingsThe main reason why doctors are motivated towards leadership is to make a difference. They are put off by fears of extra administration, longer hours, burnout, lack of resources and by organisational cultures resistant to change. However, doctors are aware of their need for leadership development prior to entering management.Practical implicationsTo improve succession planning, health systems should adapt to reflect the incentives of their potential medical leaders. Leadership training is also essential. These changes are especially important now; medical leaders are linked positively to organisational and patient outcomes and have been central in responding to COVID-19, stress and burnout among clinical staff continues to rise, and health systems face recruitment and retention challenges.

scholarly journals Person-centred care in complementary medicine for individuals with chronic conditions in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Foley ◽  
A Steel ◽  
J Adams
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Complementary Medicine ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Public Health Systems

Abstract Background Increasing chronic condition diagnoses burden public health systems, individuals and communities. The duration and complexity of chronic conditions require ongoing, multifaceted care - such as person-centred care (PCC) - to address the individual needs and quality of life for patients. Many patients with chronic conditions seek additional care outside mainstream medicine, often consulting complementary medicine (CM) practitioners. This study examines the extent of PCC being experienced by patients with chronic conditions who consult CM practitioners. Methods Cross-sectional survey (n = 191), conducted nationally, November 2018 to March 2019, in clinics of the five CM professions most commonly consulted by individuals with chronic conditions in Australia (massage, chiropractic, osteopathy, acupuncture, naturopathy). Participants with chronic conditions (n = 153) were surveyed about experiences of PCC during CM consultation, and regarding consultation with medical doctors, using four validated measures. Results During consultation with CM practitioners, patient perceptions of PCC were consistently high. Ratings of PCC were consistently higher for consultations with any CM practitioners (summary mean 3.33) than consultations with medical doctors (summary mean 2.95). The highest mean scores for PCC were reported by patients of naturopaths (summary mean 4.04). Variations in perceived PCC for different items between professions indicate nuance in the experience of consultation across different CM professions. Conclusions This study indicates PCC is characteristic of CM consultation, which may reflect CM philosophies such as holism. CM practitioners may present an existing resource of PCC. Further attention should be given to CM professions regarding the potential to address unmet needs of individuals with chronic conditions, and subsequently to better manage the public health burden associated with chronic conditions. Key messages Person-centred care appears to be a consistent characteristic of complementary medicine clinical care for individuals with chronic conditions. Due to rising rates of chronic conditions and the associated burden on public health systems, complementary medicine professions should be considered as a resource to optimise chronic illness care.

scholarly journals Identifying Factors Affecting to Retailer-manufacturer Relationship Continuity Special Reference to Cosmetics Market in Kandy District

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
S. M. K. M. M. Samarathunga ◽  
Shamini Newton
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Relationship Continuity ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Aims: A key issue in the field of relationship marketing is developing and sustaining relationship continuity. By this study retailers and manufacturers can recognize the factors that effect on their relationships and those findings can use to meet their desired relational benefits. The main purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting to retailer-manufacturer relationship continuity among cosmetic market in Kandy district. Study Design: The descriptive survey design and cross sectional analysis were used to analyse the data. Place and Duration of Study: This study was based on individual retailers who retail cosmetics products in Kandy district identified as the sampling element of the research. Research was conducted from August 2017 to February 2018. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted using a sample of 250 cosmetic product retailers. Convenience sampling method was used. The descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results revealed that significant positive impact exist between Trust, Commitment & Adaptation on Retailer-manufacturer Relationship continuity. According to the findings of this study, cosmetic manufacturers should remain focused on establish their relationship continuity with their manufacturer by maintaining better trust, commitment and adaptation strategies and also  it leads to gain better positive outcomes. Conclusion: Therefore it is reasonable to conclude that Retailer-manufacturer Relationship continuity can be created, reinforced and retained by developing Trust, Commitment & Adaptation strategies between Retailer-manufacturer.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on the pursuit of happiness among healthcare workers in the context of health systems strengthening: The case of Meru County, Kenya.

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri ◽  
Flavia Senkubuge ◽  
Charles Hongoro
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orientations To Happiness ◽  
Significant Factors

Background: Happiness is one of the ultimate goals of every human being. Happiness is a significant factor of health system efficiency. Healthcare workers are at the core of every health system. However, up-to-date literature on happiness among healthcare workers is limited. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the self-assessed happiness among healthcare workers in public and mission hospitals in Meru County, Kenya.  Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 553 healthcare workers in 24 hospitals completed the Orientations to Happiness questionnaire between June and July 2020.   Results: Healthcare workers’ overall happiness was significantly different between hospitals of public and mission ownership (p<0.05). The orientations to happiness mean scores of both pursuits of pleasure and meaning were significantly different between public and mission hospitals  (p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the pursuit of engagement among the healthcare workers between public and mission hospitals (p<0.05).  In both public and mission hospitals, income and the type of toiletry facility were significant factors of overall happiness (p<0.05 or p<0.1). In mission hospitals, eight more variables were statistically significant factors of overall happiness namely type of employment, occurrence of water unavailability, safe drinking water, acceptable main source of water, type of toiletry facility, hospital disposal of garbage, availability of water for hand washing, and overall safety of the hospital working environment (p<0.05 or p<0.1). In public hospitals, additional statistically significant factors of overall happiness were qualification level, and a functional workplace safety and health committee (p<0.05 or p<0.1).  Conclusion: Demographic, work-related, and physical work environment factors significantly contribute to healthcare workers overall happiness in both mission and public hospitals. The findings present possible areas of focus for policy and practical implications related to healthcare workers’ happiness aimed at health workforce and health systems strengthening in Kenya.

scholarly journals Stakeholder perceptions of smart infusion pumps and drug library updates: A multisite, interdisciplinary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (17) ◽  
pp. 1281-1287
Author(s):  
Poching DeLaurentis ◽  
Todd A Walroth ◽  
Andrew C Fritschle ◽  
Denny Yu ◽  
Jee Eun Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Infusion Pump ◽  
End User ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
User Perceptions ◽  
Current Drug ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Update Process

Abstract Purpose Results of a questionnaire-based study to evaluate smart infusion pump end users’ perceptions and understanding of the drug library update process are reported. Methods The Indianapolis Coalition for Patient Safety, Inc., in partnership with the Regenstrief Center for Healthcare Engineering, conducted a 33-item electronic, cross-sectional survey across 5 Indiana health systems from May through November 2017. Interdisciplinary participants identified for survey distribution included nurses, pharmacists, biomedical engineers, administrators, and medication safety officers. The survey assessed the following domains: patient safety, the drug library update process, knowledge of drug libraries and the update process, and end-user perceptions. Results A total of 778 submitted surveys were included in the data analysis, with a large majority of responses (90.2%) provided by nurses. The use of drug libraries for ensuring patient safety was deemed extremely important or important by 88% of respondents, but 36% indicated that they were unsure of whether drug libraries are updated on a routine basis in their health system. Approximately two-thirds agreed that the current update process improves quality of care (65.0%) and patient safety (68.1%). Moreover, 53.3% agreed that the current drug library update process was effective. However, less than 10% responded correctly when asked about the steps required to update the drug library. Furthermore, only 18% correctly indicated that when a pump is on it may not necessarily contain the most up-to-date version of the drug library. Conclusion A survey of 5 health systems in Indianapolis identified several end-user knowledge gaps related to smart pump drug library updates. The results suggest that these gaps were most likely due to a combination of the 2-step update process and the fact that the current drug library version is not easy to find and/or user-friendly and it is unclear when an update is pending.

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