scholarly journals A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sinha ◽  
Maria Cámara-Torres ◽  
Paolo Scopece ◽  
Emanuele Verga Falzacappa ◽  
Alessandro Patelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Manufacturing Platform ◽  
Composition Gradients ◽  
Dual Material ◽  
Discrete Gradients

Abstract Scaffolds with gradients of physico-chemical properties and controlled 3D architectures are crucial for engineering complex tissues. These can be produced using multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. However, they typically only achieve discrete gradients using separate printheads to vary compositions. Achieving continuous composition gradients, to better mimic tissues, requires material dosing and mixing controls. No such AM solution exists for most biomaterials. Existing AM techniques also cannot selectively modify scaffold surfaces to locally stimulate cell adhesion. A hybrid AM solution to cover these needs is reported here. A novel dosing- and mixing-enabled, dual-material printhead and an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to selectively activate/coat scaffold filaments during manufacturing were combined on one platform. Continuous composition gradients in both 2D hydrogels and 3D thermoplastic scaffolds were fabricated. An improvement in mechanical properties of continuous gradients compared to discrete gradients in the 3D scaffolds, and the ability to selectively enhance cell adhesion were demonstrated.

scholarly journals A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sinha ◽  
Maria Cámara-Torres ◽  
Paolo Scopece ◽  
Emanuele Verga Falzacappa ◽  
Alessandro Patelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Manufacturing Platform ◽  
Composition Gradients ◽  
Dual Material ◽  
Discrete Gradients

AbstractScaffolds with gradients of physico-chemical properties and controlled 3D architectures are crucial for engineering complex tissues. These can be produced using multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. However, they typically only achieve discrete gradients using separate printheads to vary compositions. Achieving continuous composition gradients, to better mimic tissues, requires material dosing and mixing controls. No such AM solution exists for most biomaterials. Existing AM techniques also cannot selectively modify scaffold surfaces to locally stimulate cell adhesion. A hybrid AM solution to cover these needs is reported here. A dosing- and mixing-enabled, dual-material printhead and an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to selectively activate/coat scaffold filaments during manufacturing were combined on one platform. Continuous composition gradients in both 2D hydrogels and 3D thermoplastic scaffolds were fabricated. An improvement in mechanical properties of continuous gradients compared to discrete gradients in the 3D scaffolds, and the ability to selectively enhance cell adhesion were demonstrated.

scholarly journals A hybrid additive manufacturing platform to create bulk and surface composition gradients on scaffolds for tissue regeneration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Sinha ◽  
Maria Cámara-Torres ◽  
Paolo Scopece ◽  
Emanuele Verga Falzacappa ◽  
Alessandro Patelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Manufacturing Platform ◽  
Composition Gradients ◽  
Dual Material ◽  
Discrete Gradients

AbstractScaffolds with gradients of physico-chemical properties and controlled 3D architectures are crucial for engineering complex tissues. These can be produced using multi-material additive manufacturing (AM) techniques. However, they typically only achieve discrete gradients using separate printheads to vary compositions. Achieving continuous composition gradients, to better mimic tissues, requires material dosing and mixing controls. No such AM solution exists for most biomaterials. Existing AM techniques also cannot selectively modify scaffold surfaces to locally stimulate cell adhesion. We report a hybrid AM solution to cover these needs. On one platform, we combine a novel dosing- and mixing-enabled, dual-material printhead with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to selectively activate/coat scaffold filaments during manufacturing. We fabricated continuous composition gradients in both 2D hydrogels and 3D thermoplastic scaffolds. We demonstrated an improvement in mechanical properties of continuous gradients compared to discrete gradients in the 3D scaffolds, and the ability to selectively enhance cell adhesion.

Physical Chemistry of the Interface between Attached Micro-Organisms and Their Support

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rouxhet ◽  
N. Mozes
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Micro Organisms

The thermodynamic approach of adhesion and DLVO theory are complementary to predict initial bacterial adhesion; the interplay between short- and long-range forces, respectively, may be due to surface roughness. Due to the influence of electrical double layer interactions, adhesion can be promoted by treatments leading to modification of the cell or support surface properties. Adhesion is influenced by cell-cell interactions, by the cpresence of polymer molecules on the surface and by the composition of the medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be applied to determine the elemental composition of the surface of microorganisms; some information on the chemical functions can also be obtained. The surface composition is related to physico-chemical properties which play a determining role in adhesion and flocculation, in particular the hydrophobicity and the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Effect of Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Radiation and EUV Induced, N2 and O2 Based Plasmas on a PEEK Surface’s Physico-Chemical Properties and MG63 Cell Adhesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8455
Author(s):  
Joanna Czwartos ◽  
Bogusław Budner ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Przemysław Wachulak ◽  
Beata A. Butruk-Raszeja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mg63 Cell ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mg63 Cells

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), due to its excellent mechanical and physico-chemical parameters, is an attractive substitute for hard tissues in orthopedic applications. However, PEEK is hydrophobic and lacks surface-active functional groups promoting cell adhesion. Therefore, the PEEK surface must be modified in order to improve its cytocompatibility. In this work, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and two low-temperature, EUV induced, oxygen and nitrogen plasmas were used for surface modification of polyetheretherketone. Polymer samples were irradiated with 100, 150, and 200 pulses at a 10 Hz repetition rate. The physical and chemical properties of EUV and plasma modified PEEK surfaces, such as changes of the surface topography, chemical composition, and wettability, were examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and goniometry. The human osteoblast-like MG63 cells were used for the analysis of cell viability and cell adhesion on all modified PEEK surfaces. EUV radiation and two types of plasma treatment led to significant changes in surface topography of PEEK, increasing surface roughness and formation of conical structures. Additionally, significant changes in the chemical composition were found and were manifested with the appearance of new functional groups, incorporation of nitrogen atoms up to ~12.3 at.% (when modified in the presence of nitrogen), and doubling the oxygen content up to ~25.7 at.% (when modified in the presence of oxygen), compared to non-modified PEEK. All chemically and physically changed surfaces demonstrated cyto-compatible and non-cytotoxic properties, an enhancement of MG63 cell adhesion was also observed.

scholarly journals Effect of Physico-Chemical Properties of Nanoparticles on Their Intracellular Uptake

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8019
Author(s):  
Parinaz Sabourian ◽  
Ghazaleh Yazdani ◽  
Seyed Sajad Ashraf ◽  
Masoud Frounchi ◽  
Shohreh Mashayekhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
High Morbidity Rate ◽  
Physico Chemical

Cellular internalization of inorganic, lipidic and polymeric nanoparticles is of great significance in the quest to develop effective formulations for the treatment of high morbidity rate diseases. Understanding nanoparticle–cell interactions plays a key role in therapeutic interventions, and it continues to be a topic of great interest to both chemists and biologists. The mechanistic evaluation of cellular uptake is quite complex and is continuously being aided by the design of nanocarriers with desired physico-chemical properties. The progress in biomedicine, including enhancing the rate of uptake by the cells, is being made through the development of structure–property relationships in nanoparticles. We summarize here investigations related to transport pathways through active and passive mechanisms, and the role played by physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles, including size, geometry or shape, core-corona structure, surface chemistry, ligand binding and mechanical effects, in influencing intracellular delivery. It is becoming clear that designing nanoparticles with specific surface composition, and engineered physical and mechanical characteristics, can facilitate their internalization more efficiently into the targeted cells, as well as enhance the rate of cellular uptake.

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