scholarly journals Effect of Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Radiation and EUV Induced, N2 and O2 Based Plasmas on a PEEK Surface’s Physico-Chemical Properties and MG63 Cell Adhesion

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8455
Author(s):  
Joanna Czwartos ◽  
Bogusław Budner ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Przemysław Wachulak ◽  
Beata A. Butruk-Raszeja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mg63 Cell ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mg63 Cells

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), due to its excellent mechanical and physico-chemical parameters, is an attractive substitute for hard tissues in orthopedic applications. However, PEEK is hydrophobic and lacks surface-active functional groups promoting cell adhesion. Therefore, the PEEK surface must be modified in order to improve its cytocompatibility. In this work, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and two low-temperature, EUV induced, oxygen and nitrogen plasmas were used for surface modification of polyetheretherketone. Polymer samples were irradiated with 100, 150, and 200 pulses at a 10 Hz repetition rate. The physical and chemical properties of EUV and plasma modified PEEK surfaces, such as changes of the surface topography, chemical composition, and wettability, were examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and goniometry. The human osteoblast-like MG63 cells were used for the analysis of cell viability and cell adhesion on all modified PEEK surfaces. EUV radiation and two types of plasma treatment led to significant changes in surface topography of PEEK, increasing surface roughness and formation of conical structures. Additionally, significant changes in the chemical composition were found and were manifested with the appearance of new functional groups, incorporation of nitrogen atoms up to ~12.3 at.% (when modified in the presence of nitrogen), and doubling the oxygen content up to ~25.7 at.% (when modified in the presence of oxygen), compared to non-modified PEEK. All chemically and physically changed surfaces demonstrated cyto-compatible and non-cytotoxic properties, an enhancement of MG63 cell adhesion was also observed.

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Surface Modifications of Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Using Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) Radiation and EUV-Induced Nitrogen Plasma

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4466
Author(s):  
Joanna Czwartos ◽  
Bogusław Budner ◽  
Andrzej Bartnik ◽  
Przemysław Wachulak ◽  
Henryk Fiedorowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Plasma ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses ◽  
Physico Chemical

In this work, the effect of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation and the combination of EUV radiation and low-temperature nitrogen plasma on the physico-chemical properties of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) surfaces were presented. The laser-plasma EUV source based on a double gas puff target was used in this experiment to irradiate PEEK surfaces with nanosecond pulses of EUV radiation and to produce low-temperature plasma through the photoionization of nitrogen with EUV photons. The changes in surface morphology on irradiated polymer samples were examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical changes of the PEEK surfaces were analysed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). EUV radiation and nitrogen plasma treatment caused significant changes in the topography of modified PEEK’s surfaces and an increase in their average roughness. Strong chemical decomposition, appearance of new functional groups as well as incorporation of nitrogen atoms up to ~17 at.% on the PEEK’s surface were observed.

Physical Chemistry of the Interface between Attached Micro-Organisms and Their Support

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Rouxhet ◽  
N. Mozes
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dlvo Theory ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Micro Organisms

The thermodynamic approach of adhesion and DLVO theory are complementary to predict initial bacterial adhesion; the interplay between short- and long-range forces, respectively, may be due to surface roughness. Due to the influence of electrical double layer interactions, adhesion can be promoted by treatments leading to modification of the cell or support surface properties. Adhesion is influenced by cell-cell interactions, by the cpresence of polymer molecules on the surface and by the composition of the medium. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy can be applied to determine the elemental composition of the surface of microorganisms; some information on the chemical functions can also be obtained. The surface composition is related to physico-chemical properties which play a determining role in adhesion and flocculation, in particular the hydrophobicity and the zeta potential.

INFLUENCE OF ALUMINUM ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUNEHIRO KIMURA ◽  
KONRAD ŚWIERCZEK ◽  
JACEK MARZEC ◽  
JANINA MOLENDA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Initial Results

In this work we present results of measurements of structural (XRD), microstructural (SEM, EDX, TEM) and transport (electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient) properties as well as results of Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopy studies of phospho-olivine materials with assumed chemical composition Li 1-3x Al x FePO 4 (x = 0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1). Based on the performed research, possibility of lithium sublattice doping by Al is discussed. Additionally, initial results of electrochemical tests of lithium batteries with obtained, phospho-olivine based cathode materials are provided.

Working Fluids Used for Drilling Deep Boreholes

2014 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Šofranko ◽  
Erika Škvareková ◽  
Gabriel Wittenberger
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Deep Boreholes ◽  
Selection Of

Particularly important is the use of drilling fluid in carrying out drilling works to great depths and especially in difficult geological conditions. Proper function of the drilling fluid is governed by the selection of their physico-chemical properties. Drilling works of hydrogeological survey require circulation of borehole with such rinses, which at a minimum pollute water-bearing horizons and their chemical composition meets hygiene requirements.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical properties of Brazilian cocoa butter and industrial blends. Part I Chemical composition, solid fat content and consistency

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. B. Ribeiro ◽  
R. Claro da Silva ◽  
L. A. Gioielli ◽  
M. I. De Almeida Gonçalves ◽  
R. Grimaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Fat Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Solid Fat ◽  
Physico Chemical

Hygroscopicity of organic compounds as a function of organic functionality, water solubility, molecular weight and organic oxidation level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
shuang han ◽  
Juan Hong ◽  
Qingwei Luo ◽  
Hanbing Xu ◽  
Haobo Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Hygroscopic Behavior ◽  
Molecular Compounds

<p>Hygroscopic properties of 23 organic compounds with different physico-chemical properties including carboxylic acids, amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols were measured using a Hygroscopicity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA). We converted our experimental GF data of organics at 90% RH to κ to facilitate the comparison and we find that organic compounds with different molecular functionality present quite different hygroscopicity. Compounds with extra functional groups usually show higher hygroscopicity compared to their parental molecular compounds. Moreover, some compounds share the same molecular structure or functionality but vary differently in hygroscopicity. In general, the hygroscopicity of organics increase with functional groups in the following order: (-CH3/-NH2) < (-OH) < (-COOH/C=C/C=O). For highly soluble organics, the hygroscopicity decreases with molecular weight; while for slightly soluble organics which are not fully dissolved in aerosol droplets, their hygroscopicity can be divided into two categories. One is non-hygroscopic compounds, which may not fully deliquesce in the aerosol droplets. The other is moderate hygroscopic compounds, of which the hygroscopicity is mainly limited by their water solubility. Moreover, the hygroscopicity of organic compounds generally increased linearly with O:C ratios, although some of them have the same O:C ratio of but with different hygroscopicity. The experimental determined hygroscopicity are also compared with model predictions using the Extended Aerosol Inorganics Model (E-AIM) and the UManSysProp at 10-90% RH. Both models poorly represent the hygroscopic behavior of some organics, which may due to that the phase transition and intermolecular interactions are not considered in the simulations.</p>

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