Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Fate of DNA in the Digestive Tract of Mice

Abstract Objective: Qualitative and quantitative examination of DNA degradation during the digestion process in the mouse gut through PCR, qPCR and short tandem repeat (STR) analysis.Methods: Human blood leukocytes were gavage into the digestive tract of mice. GAPDH, TH01, TPOX and D7S820 genes in the contents of the stomach and small intestine were analyzed through PCR and qPCR at various time pre- and post-gavage. Through STR analysis, 21 human genomic DNA loci were analyzed. The half-life of DNA degradation, and the relationship between the average peak area and digestion time were determined.Results: The PCR results showed DNA bands at pre-gavage (0 min) and post-gavage (40, 80 and 120 min) from the mouse stomach contents, whereas no DNA bands from small intestinal chyme were observed after gavage. The qPCR results revealed significant decrease in DNA concentrations during 40-120 minutes in mouse stomach after gavage. At 120 min, 85.62±8.10% of the DNA was degraded while the half-life of exogenous DNA degradation in mouse stomach was 70.50±5.46 min. At various time of digestion , almost no target genes were detected in the mouse small intestinal chyme. STR analysis showed a decrease in allele numbers with the advancement of bowl in the small intestine of mice.Conclusions: The degradation of exogenous DNA was higher in mouse stomach during first two hours while almost complete degradation was noted in the small intestine of mice within 40 min.

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Adhesion of lactobacilli to small intestinal cells

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600024855 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 1993 ◽

pp. 161-161

Author(s):

A M Phillips ◽

. D S Parker

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Intestinal Cells ◽

Small Intestinal

Lactobacilli have been shown to inhabit the proximal regions of the digestive tract of many species of animals, and some of these lactobacilli have the ability to adhere to and colonise the epithelium of the oesophagus (Tannock, Blummershine and Archibald, 1987) and stomach (Fuller and Turvey, 1971; Tannocket al., 1982), whilst others appear to be associated with the small intestine (Tannocket al., 1982). The mechanisms by which these bacteria colonise their habitats is still unclear.In this study the adhesion of lactobacilli, isolated from the small intestine of pigs, to porcine small intestinal cells was investigated.

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Pepsinogen gene transcription induced in heterologous epithelial-mesenchymal recombinations of chicken endoderms and glandular stomach mesenchyme

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.103.4.725 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 103 (4) ◽

pp. 725-731 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K. Hayashi ◽

S. Yasugi ◽

T. Mizuno

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Gene Transcription ◽

Normal Development ◽

De Novo ◽

Glandular Stomach ◽

Northern Hybridization ◽

Marker Protein ◽

Chicken Embryos ◽

Small Intestinal

Proventricular (glandular stomach) mesenchyme of chicken embryos can induce endoderms of some parts of embryonic digestive tract to produce embryonic chicken pepsinogen (ECPg), a marker protein for the differentiation of embryonic proventricular epithelium. In the present study, we investigated the production of ECPg mRNA in the course of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions between endoderms of digestive tract and proventricular mesenchyme. ECPg mRNA was detected by Northern hybridization with ECPg cDNA as a probe. In normal development of the proventriculus, ECPg mRNA was first detected at day 7 of incubation, and it ceased to be produced by day 21. Embryonic esophagus, gizzard and small intestine did not contain ECPg mRNA. When 6-day esophagus, gizzard or proventricular endoderm was associated and cultured with 6-day proventricular mesenchyme, the recombinates formed proventricular-gland-like complex glands and produced ECPg mRNA in almost equal quantity. However, 6-day small intestinal or 3.5-day allantoic endoderm did not produce pepsinogen mRNA under the same conditions, though the recombinates formed complex glands. These results indicate that the proventricular mesenchyme can induce de novo transcription of ECPg gene in esophagus, proventricular and gizzard endoderms, and that ECPg gene in small intestinal and allantoic endoderms fails to react to the inducing signal.

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Comparison between Cultured Small-Intestinal and Fecal Microbiotas in Beagle Dogs

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.71.8.4169-4175.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 4169-4175 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Silja Mentula ◽

Jaana Harmoinen ◽

Matti Heikkilä ◽

Elias Westermarck ◽

Merja Rautio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Anaerobic Bacteria ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Small Intestinal ◽

The Stability ◽

Microbial Groups ◽

Bacterial Groups

ABSTRACT The microbiota of the small intestine is poorly known because of difficulties in sampling. In this study, we examined whether the organisms cultured from the jejunum and feces resemble each other. Small-intestinal fluid samples were collected from 22 beagle dogs with a permanent jejunal fistula in parallel with fecal samples. In addition, corresponding samples from seven of the dogs were collected during a 4-week period (days 4, 10, 14, and 28) to examine the stability of the microbiota. In the jejunal samples, aerobic/facultative and anaerobic bacteria were equally represented, whereas anaerobes dominated in the fecal samples. Despite lower numbers of bacteria in the jejunum (range, 102 to 106 CFU/g) than in feces (range, 108 to 1011 CFU/g), some microbial groups were more prevalent in the small intestine: staphylococci, 64% versus 36%; nonfermentative gram-negative rods, 27% versus 9%; and yeasts, 27% versus 5%, respectively. In contrast, part of the fecal dominant microbiota (bile-resistant Bacteroides spp., Clostridium hiranonis-like organisms, and lactobacilli) was practically absent in the jejunum. Many species were seldom isolated simultaneously from both sample types, regardless of their overall prevalence. In conclusion, the small intestine contains a few bacterial species at a time with vastly fluctuating counts, opposite to the results obtained for the colon, where the major bacterial groups remain relatively constant over time. Qualitative and quantitative differences between the corresponding jejunal and fecal samples indicate the inability of fecal samples to represent the microbiotas present in the upper gut.

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Enlightenment for Clinicians From the Case of Digestive Tract Metastases From Primary Lung Cancer: a Case Report

10.21203/rs.3.rs-494539/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shaochun Wang ◽

Shuili Wang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Yeqin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Primary Lung Cancer ◽

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Lower Quadrant ◽

Small Intestinal

Abstract Background: About 50% of patients with initially diagnosed lung cancer have developed distant metastasis. The probability of occurrence of digestive tract metastases found by autopsy is rarely. This report presents a rare clinical case of small intestinal metastasis from primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Case presentation: An 82-year-old male with aggravated cough and more acute shortness of breath than usual was diagnosed with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung Stage IV, because of the advanced age, underlying diseases, and poor cardiopulmonary function,the family refused the chemoradiotherapy.One month later, the patient gradually developed right lower quadrant pain. An upright abdominal X-ray suggested small intestinal obstruction and partial resection and anastomosis of the small intestine were performed. Postoperative pathology revealed poorly differentiated squamous-cell carcinoma of the small intestine. The patient died of sudden cardio-respiratory arrest one month later. Conclusions: We conclude that the real incidence of digestive tract metastases from lung cancer may be higher than the reported because of the symptoms of those patients are not obvious. Clinicians should select the appropriate examination methods (such as positron emission tomography) and pay attention to the assessment of abdominal hollow organs.

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A case of massive recurrent small intestinal bleeding

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-187-3-214-217 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 214-217

Author(s):

A. T. Kortieva ◽

V. S. Krushelnitskiy ◽

S. A. Gabriel ◽

V. Yu. Dynko ◽

A. Ya. Guchetl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Vascular Malformation ◽

Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Intestinal Bleeding ◽

Recurrent Bleeding ◽

Blood Transfusions ◽

Small Intestinal Bleeding ◽

Small Intestinal

The article presents a clinical case of massive recurrent bleeding from angioectasias of the jejunum in a 66-year-old patient. Within 13 months in the conditions of the GBUZ KKB No. 2, Krasnodar, the patient underwent: 1 video capsule examination of the small intestine, 3 esophagogastroduodenoscopy, 3 colonoscopy, 3 balloon-assisted enteroscopy. At the place of residence, the patient repeatedly underwent blood transfusions, as well as endoscopic examinations of the upper and lower parts of the digestive tract. In our facility, the patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, and twice-resection of the jejunum area that carries vascular malformation.

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Anatomi Saluran Pencernaan biawak air (Varanus salvator) (Reptil: Varanidae)

10.31227/osf.io/qugw6 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mahfud Mahfud ◽

Ihwan

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Tissue Perfusion ◽

Animal Population ◽

Varanus Salvator ◽

Commercial Purpose ◽

Left And Right ◽

Biology Laboratory

Excessive hunting and poaching for commercial purpose of Varanus salvator in Indonesia can cause a decline in this animal population. However, the scientific information of this animal especially about the biologic of organ system is rarely reported. Therefore, this case opens up opportunities for researching, which aims to study the anatomy of digestive tract of water monitor macroscopically. This research has been conducted in Biology Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang for 5 months from March to August 2016. The digestive organ of this animal that has been preserved in alcohol 70% was obtained before from two males of water monitors. Preservation process: the animal were anesthetized, exsanguinated, and fixated in 4 paraformaldehyde by tissue perfusion method. Observations were performed to the visceral site and morphometrical of digestive tract. The resulted data was analysed descriptively and presented in tables and figures. The digestive tract of water monitor consist of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and cloaca. The dimension of each organ is different based on its structures and functions. The esophagus of water monitor connects the mouth cavity and the stomach and also as the entrance of food to the stomach. Water monitor stomach were found in cranial part of abdomen, in left side of liver. The small intestine was longer than stomach and it is a winding muscular tube in abdomen in posterior side of liver. The large intestine consist of colon and cloaca, while cecum was not found. This channel was extend lateromedially in abdomen to cloaca between left and right kidneys. The cloaca was the end of digestive tract which excreted feces and urine. From this research, we can conclude that the digestive tract of water monitor consists of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It’s difficult to differentiate small intestine and large intestine because there are no cecum.

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The absorptive power of the digestive tract at various times after partial resection of the small intestine

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/bf00785862 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 734-737

Author(s):

K. S. Zamychkina ◽

L. V. Kryukova

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Partial Resection ◽

Absorptive Power

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Application of a dynamic mechanistic model of small intestinal starch digestion in the dairy cow

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200007602 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2002 ◽

pp. 104-104

Author(s):

J. A. N. Mills ◽

E. Kebreab ◽

L. A. Crompton ◽

J. Dijkstra ◽

J. France

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Small Intestine ◽

Dairy Cow ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Mechanistic Model ◽

Biological Knowledge ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Starch Digestion ◽

High Contribution ◽

Small Intestinal

The high contribution of postruminal starch digestion (>50%) to total tract starch digestion on certain energy dense diets (Mills et al. 1999) demands that limitations to small intestinal starch digestion are identified. Therefore, a dynamic mechanistic model of the small intestine was constructed and evaluated against published experimental data for abomasal carbohydrate infusions in the dairy cow. The mechanistic structure of the model allowed the current biological knowledge to be integrated into a system capable of identifying restrictions to dietary energy recovery from postruminal starch delivery.

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Influence of microbial species on small intestinal myoelectric activity and transit in germ-free rats

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.3.g368 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (3) ◽

pp. G368-G380 ◽

Cited By ~ 157

Author(s):

Einar Husebye ◽

Per M. Hellström ◽

Frank Sundler ◽

Jie Chen ◽

Tore Midtvedt

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Intestinal Microflora ◽

Burst Activity ◽

Intestinal Transit ◽

Myoelectric Activity ◽

Regular Spike ◽

Spike Burst ◽

Germ Free ◽

Microbial Species ◽

Small Intestinal

The effect of an intestinal microflora consisting of selected microbial species on myoelectric activity of small intestine was studied using germ-free rat models, with recording before and after specific intestinal colonization, in the unanesthetized state. Intestinal transit, neuropeptides in blood (RIA), and neuromessengers in the intestinal wall were determined. Clostridium tabificum vp 04 promoted regular spike burst activity, shown by a reduction of the migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) period from 30.5 ± 3.9 min in the germ-free state to 21.2 ± 0.14 min ( P < 0.01). Lactobacillus acidophilus A10 and Bifidobacterium bifidum B11 reduced the MMC period from 27.9 ± 4.5 to 21.5 ± 2.1 min ( P < 0.02) and accelerated small intestinal transit ( P < 0.05). Micrococcus luteus showed an inhibitory effect, with an MMC period of 35.9 ± 9.3 min compared with 27.7 ± 6.3 min in germ-free rats ( P < 0.01). Inhibition was indicated also for Escherichia coli X7gnotobiotic rats. No consistent changes in slow wave frequency were observed. The concentration of neuropeptide Y in blood decreased after introduction of conventional intestinal microflora, suggesting reduced inhibitory control. Intestinal bacteria promote or suppress the initiation and aboral migration of the MMC depending on the species involved. Bacteria with primitive fermenting metabolism (anaerobes) emerge as important promoters of regular spike burst activity in small intestine.

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