scholarly journals Chest X-Ray Findings in Drug Sensitive and Drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriekot Anthony ◽  
Senai Goitom Sereke ◽  
Felix Bongomin ◽  
Samuel Bugeza ◽  
Zeridah Muyinda
Keyword(s):  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mulago National Referral Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Susceptibility Status ◽  
Lung Zone

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Radiology has an important role in the diagnosis of both drug-sensitive (DS) and drug-resistant (DR) pulmonary TB (PTB). This study aimed at comparing the chest x-ray (CXR) patterns of microbiologically confirmed cases of DS and DR PTB in Uganda.Methods: We conducted a hospital based retrospective study at the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) TB wards. All participants had microbiologically confirmed diagnosis of PTB. CXR findings extracted included infiltrate, consolidation, cavity, fibrosis, bronchiectasis, atelectasis and other non-lung parenchymal findings. All films were independently examined by two experienced radiologists blinded to clinical diagnosis.Results: We analyzed CXR findings of 165 participants: 139 DS- and 26 DR-TB cases. Majority (n=118, 71.7%) of the participants were seronegative for HIV. Overall, 5/165 (3%) participants had normal CXR. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of participants with consolidations (74.8% versus 88.5%; p – 0.203), bronchopneumonic opacities (56.1% versus 42.3%, p=0.207) and cavities (38.1% versus 46.2%, p=0.514), across drug susceptibility status (DS versus DR TB). Among HIV infected participants, consolidations were predominantly in the middle lung zone in the DS TB group and in the lower lung zone in the DR TB group (42.5% versus 12.8%, p – 0.66). HIV infected participants with DR TB had statistically significantly larger cavity sizes compared to their HIV uninfected counterparts with DR TB (7.7 ± 6.8cm versus 4.2 ± 1.3cm, p – 0.004). Conclusion- We observed that a vast majority of participants had similar CXR changes, irrespective of drug susceptibility status. However, HIV infected DR PTB had larger cavities. The diagnostic utility of cavity sizes for the differentiation of DR from DS TB could be investigated further.

scholarly journals Chest X-Ray Findings in Drug Sensitive and Drug Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriekot Anthony ◽  
Senai Goitom Sereke ◽  
Felix Bongomin ◽  
Samuel Bugeza ◽  
Zeridah Muyinda
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

PREVALANCE OF GENETIC MUTATION ASSOSIATED WITH (RPOB) RIFAMPICIN RESISTANT AMONG THE TREATED TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 235-268
Author(s):  
Girija Vasudevan ◽  
Muthuraj M ◽  
Antony V samrot
Keyword(s):  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Probe Assay ◽  
Solid Liquid

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused predominantly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. India accounts for one fourth of the global TB burden. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) undermines control efforts and its burden is poorly understood in resource-limited settings. Drug resistant TB is a laboratory based diagnosis and is performed either by phenotypic drug susceptibility testing using solid/liquid culture or genotypic testing for detection of resistance by Line Probe Assay/Cartridge based Nucleic Acid Amplification tests.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of Chest X-Ray for the Diagnosis and Follow-up in Young Adult COVID-19 Patients with Mild Dyspnea No Comorbid Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ferhat cuce ◽  
deniz dogan ◽  
ugur bozlar ◽  
mustafa tasar ◽  
ervin gjoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Admission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Comorbid Diseases ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration

Purpose: We investigated whether Chest X-Ray (CXR) could replace CT modality in the diagnosis and during the treatment of young adult COVID-19 patients with mild dyspnea with no comorbid diseases. Materials and Method: This retrospective study involved an examination of the records of a total of 956 patients hospitalized between March 1 and May 15, 2020. The study included a total of 64 patients, aged 21–60 years with mild dyspnea with no comorbid diseases and with COVID-19 infection confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction, who underwent a CXR at admission and CT imaging within 24 hours. The first CXR and CT images at the time of admission were evaluated in terms of lesions and localization. The clinical-radiological course of the diseases with CXR were also statistically evaluated. Results: CT was normal in 18/64 (28.2%) patients, all of whom also had normal CXR. The rest of the patients 46/64 (71.8%) with an abnormal CT, the CXR was normal in 18/46 (39.1%) and abnormal in 28/46 (60.9%). The time between the onset of complaints and admission to the hospital in patients with abnormal and normal CXR was 3.5 ± 2.3 days and 2.1 ± 1.1, which was statistically significant (p = 0.004). The hospital stay duration of the patient with abnormal and normal CXR was 9.6 ± 3.5 and 9.5 ± 3.4 (p=0.928), respectively, and was not statistically significant. Conclusion: CXR could be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of young adult COVID 19 patients with mild dyspnea no comorbid disease. In the case of early admission to the hospital, there is not a significant difference between using CXR or CT in the management of these patients. Therefore, the use of CXR in these patients groups will reduce the burden of CT units in pandemic conditions with limited resources.

scholarly journals Identifying drug-resistant tuberculosis from chest X-ray images using a simple convolutional neural network

2021 ◽  
Vol 2071 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
J Ureta ◽  
A Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Tuberculosis(TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, and drug-resistant TB is a major public health concern especially in resource-constrained countries. In such countries, molecular diagnosis of drug-resistant TB remains a challenge; and imaging tools such as X-rays, which are cheaply and widely available, can be a valuable supplemental resource for early detection and screening. This study uses a specialized convolutional neural network to perform binary classification of chest X-ray images to classify drug-resistant and drug-sensitive TB. The models were trained and validated using the TBPortals dataset which contains 2,973 labeled X-ray images from TB patients. The classifiers were able to identify the presence or absence of drug-resistant Tuberculosis with an AUROC between 0.66–0.67, which is an improvement over previous attempts using deep learning networks.

scholarly journals Sotrovimab: is it effective in early treatment of mild and moderate COVID-19 infections? A retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elesdoudy
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Kidney Function Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background The monoclonal antibody sotrovimab is manufactured to antagonize many types of coronaviruses including the SARS-CoV-2. It is used mainly to treat mild and moderate COVID-19 infection and to prevent the progression of the disease from critical disease to severe. Objectives To assess the effectiveness of sotrovimab in the early treatment of mild and moderate COVID-19 infections and prevention of disease progression to severe and critical disease. Methods This study was performed on 220 outpatients who have already received sotrovimab in Obaidullah Hospital, United Arab Emirates. All patients underwent the following before receiving sotrovimab: routine laboratory studies (CBC, liver function tests, and kidney function tests) and other laboratory tests (C reactive protein (CRP), D dimer, and chest x-ray). All patients received sotrovimab in a dose of 500 mg once intravenous infusion over 30 min. All laboratory studies and CXR are repeated after 1 week of receiving the dose of sotrovimab. Results The outcome was 43 patients deteriorated (19.5%) and 177 patients improved (80.5%). The progress of patients’ symptoms after receiving sotrovimab where the shortness of breath (SOB) deteriorated in 43 patients (19.5%) and improved in 177 patients (80.5%). The cough symptom deteriorated in 43 patients (19.5%), improved in 177 patients (80.5%). The progress of patients' radiology (chest x-ray) where it is deteriorated in 43 patients (19.5%) and improved in 177 patients (80.5%). The rate of hospitalization after receiving sotrovimab where 41 patients were hospitalized (18.6%) and 179 patients were not hospitalized (81.4%). There was a statistically significant difference before and after using sotrovimab in vital signs, inflammatory markers, kidney function tests, electrolytes, endocrine functions, and hepatic profile. Conclusion Among adults with mild and moderate COVID-19, the use of sotrovimab significantly improved resolution of symptoms, outcome, radiology, or laboratory marker and decreased hospitalization. The findings support using sotrovimab in the early treatment of mild and moderate COVID-19. Wide-scale studies may be required for clarifying the effects of sotrovimab in the treatment of mild and moderate COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Chest x-ray findings in tuberculosis patients identified by passive and active case finding: A retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ema Rastoder ◽  
Saher Burhan Shaker ◽  
Matiullah Naqibullah ◽  
Mathilde Marie Winkler Wille ◽  
Mette Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Active Case Finding ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Active Case ◽  
Chest X Ray

STUDY THE CHANGE OF HIGH-SENSITIVE TROPONIN T CONCENTRATION IN CHILDREN HEART FAILURE AT PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF BINH DINH GENERAL HOSPITAL

2014 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Van Khanh Luong ◽  
Hung Viet Phan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ventricular Dilatation ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
High Sensitivity Troponin T

Objective: Search the relationship between concentration of high-sensitivity Troponin T with the degree of heart failure, and some changes on chest X-ray and echocardiography. Patients and Methods: based on 44 pediatric patients who were diagnosed heart failure at Pediatric Department of Binh Dinh General Hospital, from 4/2012 -3/2013. Results: Hs-Troponin T concentrations increased in 79.5% of patients had heart failure with a median of 30.2 pg/ml and quartile is 14.6 to 64.5. There is significant difference statistically hs-Troponin T levels according to age of patients with p<0.01. There is a very closely positive relationship between the hs-Troponin T concentration with the degree of heart failure (rs = 0.80, p<0.01). There is a moderate positive correlation between the hs-Troponin T concentration with ventricular dilatation (rs = 0.34, p<0.05). There is no correlation between the hs-Troponin T concentration with changes on chest X-ray. Conclusion: There is statistically significant relationship between the hs-Troponin T concentration with the degree of heart failure and ventricular dilatation on echocardiography. Key words: Troponin T, heart failure, echocardiography

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