scholarly journals The Efficacy of Chest X-Ray for the Diagnosis and Follow-up in Young Adult COVID-19 Patients with Mild Dyspnea No Comorbid Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ferhat cuce ◽  
deniz dogan ◽  
ugur bozlar ◽  
mustafa tasar ◽  
ervin gjoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Admission ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Comorbid Diseases ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration

Purpose: We investigated whether Chest X-Ray (CXR) could replace CT modality in the diagnosis and during the treatment of young adult COVID-19 patients with mild dyspnea with no comorbid diseases. Materials and Method: This retrospective study involved an examination of the records of a total of 956 patients hospitalized between March 1 and May 15, 2020. The study included a total of 64 patients, aged 21–60 years with mild dyspnea with no comorbid diseases and with COVID-19 infection confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction, who underwent a CXR at admission and CT imaging within 24 hours. The first CXR and CT images at the time of admission were evaluated in terms of lesions and localization. The clinical-radiological course of the diseases with CXR were also statistically evaluated. Results: CT was normal in 18/64 (28.2%) patients, all of whom also had normal CXR. The rest of the patients 46/64 (71.8%) with an abnormal CT, the CXR was normal in 18/46 (39.1%) and abnormal in 28/46 (60.9%). The time between the onset of complaints and admission to the hospital in patients with abnormal and normal CXR was 3.5 ± 2.3 days and 2.1 ± 1.1, which was statistically significant (p = 0.004). The hospital stay duration of the patient with abnormal and normal CXR was 9.6 ± 3.5 and 9.5 ± 3.4 (p=0.928), respectively, and was not statistically significant. Conclusion: CXR could be used in the diagnosis and follow-up of young adult COVID 19 patients with mild dyspnea no comorbid disease. In the case of early admission to the hospital, there is not a significant difference between using CXR or CT in the management of these patients. Therefore, the use of CXR in these patients groups will reduce the burden of CT units in pandemic conditions with limited resources.

scholarly journals Chest CT as a Complement to RT-PCR to Confirm and Follow-up COVID-19 Patients

Medicinus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Aziza Ghanie Icksan ◽  
Muhammad Hafiz ◽  
Annisa Dian Harlivasari
Keyword(s):  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Case ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain

<p><strong>Background : </strong>The first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia was recorded in March 2020. Limitation of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has put chest CT as an essential complementary tool in the diagnosis and follow up treatment for COVID-19. Literatures strongly suggested that High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is essential in diagnosing typical symptoms of COVID-19 at the early phase of disease due to its superior sensitivity  (97%) compared to chest x-ray (CXR).</p><p>The two cases presented in this case study showed the crucial role of chest CT with HRCT to establish the working diagnosis and follow up COVID-19 patients as a complement to RT-PCR, currently deemed a gold standard.<strong></strong></p>

Post Discharge Outcome of COVID 19 Cases Reported from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2611-2613
Author(s):  
Sadia Ishaque ◽  
Beenish Syed ◽  
Saima Akhter ◽  
Talha Safeer ◽  
Yousra Mansoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Time Of Admission ◽  
Hospital Study

Aim: To characterize the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients following discharge from the hospital. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Infectious Diseases, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from 1st May to 31st August 2020. Methodology: Ninety six patients were included, age over 23 years and had a confirmed COVID-19 on PCR. At the time of admission and on discharge, in-hospital data were recorded. The demographic information, symptoms, complete blood count, inflammatory markers, and chest X-ray noted. Results: Diabetes (50%) and Ischemic heart disease (50%) were the most frequent comorbidities. The majority of patients (75%) improved their X-ray findings after being discharged from the hospital. At the time of discharge, 75% of the patients expressed fatigue; none of the patients developed a fever. There was a substantial significant difference in tiredness reported at discharge and in the fourth week. Significant variations in shortness of breath and oxygen consumption were also found between tiredness indicated at discharge and the fourth week. The majority of lab values were within normal limits. Conclusion: Most patients gradually improved after receiving appropriate treatment and supportive care in the hospital and later at home. The most prevalent and prolonged symptom reported by most patients was fatigue. By the fourth week, most symptoms had ameliorated significantly. Keywords: SARS-CoV2, Clinical outcome, Fatigue, COVID-19 follow-up

Lingual Dystonia Treated with Botulinum Toxin - A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
MA Hayee ◽  
QD Mohammad ◽  
H Rahman ◽  
M Hakim ◽  
SM Kibria
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 42-year-old female presented in Neurology Department of Sir Salimullah Medical College with gradually worsening difficulty in talking and eating for the last four months. Examination revealed dystonic tongue, macerated lips due to continuous drooling of saliva and aspirated lungs. She had no history of taking antiparkinsonian, neuroleptics or any other drugs causing dystonia. Chest X-ray revealed aspiration pneumonia corrected later by antibiotics. She was treated with botulinum toxin type-A. Twenty units of toxin was injected in six sites of the tongue. The dystonic tongue became normal by 24 hours. Subsequent 16 weeks follow up showed very good result and the patient now can talk and eat normally. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 75-78)

scholarly journals XCOVNet: Chest X-ray Image Classification for COVID-19 Early Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishu Madaan ◽  
Aditya Roy ◽  
Charu Gupta ◽  
Prateek Agrawal ◽  
Anand Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Classification ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Active Patients

AbstractCOVID-19 (also known as SARS-COV-2) pandemic has spread in the entire world. It is a contagious disease that easily spreads from one person in direct contact to another, classified by experts in five categories: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. Already more than 66 million people got infected worldwide with more than 22 million active patients as of 5 December 2020 and the rate is accelerating. More than 1.5 million patients (approximately 2.5% of total reported cases) across the world lost their life. In many places, the COVID-19 detection takes place through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests which may take longer than 48 h. This is one major reason of its severity and rapid spread. We propose in this paper a two-phase X-ray image classification called XCOVNet for early COVID-19 detection using convolutional neural Networks model. XCOVNet detects COVID-19 infections in chest X-ray patient images in two phases. The first phase pre-processes a dataset of 392 chest X-ray images of which half are COVID-19 positive and half are negative. The second phase trains and tunes the neural network model to achieve a 98.44% accuracy in patient classification.

scholarly journals Efficacy of chest X-ray in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia: comparison with computed tomography through a simplified scoring system designed for triage

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akın Çinkooğlu ◽  
Selen Bayraktaroğlu ◽  
Naim Ceylan ◽  
Recep Savaş
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Initial Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

Abstract Background There is no consensus on the imaging modality to be used in the diagnosis and management of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. The purpose of this study was to make a comparison between computed tomography (CT) and chest X-ray (CXR) through a scoring system that can be beneficial to the clinicians in making the triage of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia at their initial presentation to the hospital. Results Patients with a negative CXR (30.1%) had significantly lower computed tomography score (CTS) (p < 0.001). Among the lung zones where the only infiltration pattern was ground glass opacity (GGO) on CT images, the ratio of abnormality seen on CXRs was 21.6%. The cut-off value of X-ray score (XRS) to distinguish the patients who needed intensive care at follow-up (n = 12) was 6 (AUC = 0.933, 95% CI = 0.886–0.979, 100% sensitivity, 81% specificity). Conclusions Computed tomography is more effective in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia at the initial presentation due to the ease detection of GGOs. However, a baseline CXR taken after admission to the hospital can be valuable in predicting patients to be monitored in the intensive care units.

scholarly journals Machine learning applied on chest x-ray can aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19: a first experience from Lombardy, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Castiglioni ◽  
Davide Ippolito ◽  
Matteo Interlenghi ◽  
Caterina Beatrice Monti ◽  
Christian Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Independent Dataset ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Learning Classifier ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Deep Learning Model

Abstract Background We aimed to train and test a deep learning classifier to support the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using chest x-ray (CXR) on a cohort of subjects from two hospitals in Lombardy, Italy. Methods We used for training and validation an ensemble of ten convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with mainly bedside CXRs of 250 COVID-19 and 250 non-COVID-19 subjects from two hospitals (Centres 1 and 2). We then tested such system on bedside CXRs of an independent group of 110 patients (74 COVID-19, 36 non-COVID-19) from one of the two hospitals. A retrospective reading was performed by two radiologists in the absence of any clinical information, with the aim to differentiate COVID-19 from non-COVID-19 patients. Real-time polymerase chain reaction served as the reference standard. Results At 10-fold cross-validation, our deep learning model classified COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients with 0.78 sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.74–0.81), 0.82 specificity (95% CI 0.78–0.85), and 0.89 area under the curve (AUC) (95% CI 0.86–0.91). For the independent dataset, deep learning showed 0.80 sensitivity (95% CI 0.72–0.86) (59/74), 0.81 specificity (29/36) (95% CI 0.73–0.87), and 0.81 AUC (95% CI 0.73–0.87). Radiologists’ reading obtained 0.63 sensitivity (95% CI 0.52–0.74) and 0.78 specificity (95% CI 0.61–0.90) in Centre 1 and 0.64 sensitivity (95% CI 0.52–0.74) and 0.86 specificity (95% CI 0.71–0.95) in Centre 2. Conclusions This preliminary experience based on ten CNNs trained on a limited training dataset shows an interesting potential of deep learning for COVID-19 diagnosis. Such tool is in training with new CXRs to further increase its performance.

Childhood Fever: Correlation of Diagnosis With Temperature Response to Acetaminophen

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
M. Douglas Baker ◽  
Patricia D. Fosarelli ◽  
Richard O. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Patient Management ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Antipyretic Treatment ◽  
Fever Response ◽  
Childhood Fever

Many people believe that temperature response to antipyretics in febrile children varies according to diagnosis. To evaluate the validity of this premise, we prospectively studied the temperature response to acetaminophen of febrile children who came to an urban pediatric emergency and walk-in facility. The study group consisted of 1,559 patients between the ages of 8 weeks and 6 years whose temperatures when seen were greater than 38.4°C and who had not received antipyretic treatment within the previous four hours. Acetaminophen (15 mg/kg) was administered to each child and repeat temperatures were taken one and two hours later. Patient management was unaffected by the study, and physicians were unaware of the repeat temperature measurements. Telephone follow-up was conducted with the parents of each child within five days of the initial visit. Children with cultures positive for bacterial disease or chest x-ray films positive for pneumonia had slightly greater one- and two-hour temperature decreases compared with children with other diagnoses. Although statistically significant, we do not consider these differences in response to be clinically useful. We conclude that fever response to acetaminophen is not a clinically useful indicator by which to differentiate the causes of febrile illnesses in young children.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of Chest Wall by Cryopreserved Sternal Allograft after Resection of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Sternum

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kambiz Sheikhy ◽  
Azizollah Abbasi Dezfouli ◽  
Farahnaz Sadegh Beigee
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Good Cosmetic Result ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anterior Aspect ◽  
Good Cosmetic ◽  
Chest X Ray

A 20-year-old female was referred to our hospital due to deformity and bulging in anterior aspect of chest wall in sternal area. Chest X-ray and CT scan confirmed a large mass with destruction of sternum. Pathologic diagnosis after incisional biopsy was compatible with aneurysmal bone cyst. We resected sternum completely and reconstructed large anterior defect by a cryopreserved sternal allograft. In follow-up of patient there was no unstability of chest wall with good cosmetic result.

scholarly journals Urinothorax Caused by Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Waiel Abusnina ◽  
Hazim Bukamur ◽  
Zeynep Koc ◽  
Fauzi Najar ◽  
Nancy Munn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Obstructive Uropathy ◽  
Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Rare Form ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tract Infections

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare form of chronic pyelonephritis that generally afflicts middle-aged women with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. Its pathogenesis generally involves calculus obstructive uropathy and its histopathology is characterized by replacement of the renal parenchyma with lipid filled macrophages. This often manifests as an enlarged, nonfunctioning kidney that may be complicated by abscess or fistula. This case details the first reported case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis complicated by urinothorax, which resolved on follow-up chest X-ray after robot-assisted nephrectomy.

scholarly journals Hoarseness of Voice as a Rare Presentation of Tuberculosis: A Case Report Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 3262-3264
Author(s):  
Taher Felemban ◽  
Abdullah Ashi ◽  
Abdullah Sindi ◽  
Mohannad Rajab ◽  
Zuhair Al Jehani
Keyword(s):  
Laryngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Laryngeal Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: Having hoarseness of voice as the first clinical manifestation of tuberculosis is rare. This atypical presentation causes some confusion since other more common conditions, such as laryngeal carcinoma, present similarly and might require more invasive tests to confirm the diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A 38-year-old male presented to the otorhinolaryngology clinic with a four-month history of change in voice. Laryngoscopy demonstrated a right glottic mass, raising suspicion of laryngeal cancer. The computed tomography showed a mass and incidental finding of opacities in lung apices. Chest x-ray demonstrated findings suggestive of tuberculosis. Polymerase chain reaction and culture of sputum samples confirmed the diagnosis and the patient was started on anti-tuberculosis treatment. CONCLUSION: Despite accounting for only 1% of pulmonary tuberculosis cases and having a similar presentation to laryngeal carcinoma, we recommend considering laryngeal tuberculosis when evaluating hoarseness of voice in endemic areas.

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