Isolation and Screening of Antagonistic Actinomycetes for Potential Application in The Control of Pathogenic Bacteria in Contaminated Waste

Abstract Purpose Organic wastes for agricultural use represents a real agronomic interest but also a risk for public and animal health. Actinomycetes present a potential source of bioactive compounds with multiple applications. Methods Among the 88 isolates of actinomycetes obtained from different samples, we selected a strain identified, thanks to macro- and microscopic characters, as Streptomyces sp. SCM21. This strain showed these potentialities to produce antibacterial metabolites against the pathogenic bacteria tested (S. aureus, B. cereus and S. enteritidis) when cultivated in liquid and solid fermentation. Solid-state fermentation was conducted using sewage sludge as substrate. Results This is the first time that sewage sludge has been used to produce antibacterial metabolites by a strain of actinomycetes in solid-state fermentation. In addition, solid-state fermentation moistened with distilled water gave better antibacterial activity with good sporulation of Streptomyces sp. CSM21. Conclusion The product of solid-state fermentation can be used in the management of contaminated waste to control pathogenic bacteria.

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Optimization of single and mixed cultures for solid state fermentation of municipal sewage sludge

International Journal of Environmental Studies ◽

10.1080/00207230500037191 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 127-135

Author(s):

A.N. KABBASHI ◽

K.B. RAMACHANDRAN ◽

A. FAKHRU’L‐RAZI ◽

A.M. SULEYMAN

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Mixed Cultures ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Single And Mixed Cultures

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Concurrently Produce a Novel High-Potency Sweetener (Glycyrrhetic Acid 3-O-Mono-β-D-glucuronide) and Lignocellulolytic Enzymes using Plant Entophytic Chaetomium Globosum DX-THS3 by Solid-State Fermentation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-563893/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Boliang Gao ◽

Yiwen Xiao ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Junru Sun ◽

Zhibing Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Enzyme Production ◽

Chaetomium Globosum ◽

Glycyrrhetic Acid ◽

Lignocellulolytic Enzymes ◽

High Potency ◽

Glucuronidase Activity ◽

Percent Conversion ◽

First Time

Abstract Licorice straw was used for the first time as a medium for glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-mono-β-D-glucuronide (GAMG) and lignocellulosic enzyme production via solid-state fermentation (SSF) of endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum DX-THS3. Under optimal fermentation conditions, the percent conversion of glycyrrhizin reached 90% in 15 days, whereas the control needed 35 days to achieve the same result. The productivity of optimization (P=2.1 mg•g-1•day-1) was 2.33-fold that of non-optimization (P=0.9 mg•g-1•day-1). Meanwhile, high activities of filter paper enzyme (FPase) (234.6 U/g), carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) (29.25 U/g), xylanase (72.52 U/g), and β-glucuronidase activity (264.17 U/g) were obtained faster than those in the control during SSF. Our study provides a novel and efficient strategy for GAMG production and indicates C. globosum DX-THS3 as a potential producer of lignocellulolytic enzymes.

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Wastewater Sludge: Parasitological and Virological Contamination

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1987.0042 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 33-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. Schwartzbrod ◽

C. Mathieu ◽

M. T. Thévenot ◽

J. M. Baradel ◽

L. Schwartzbrod

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ferric Chloride ◽

Animal Health ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Digested Sludge ◽

Helminth Eggs ◽

Different Types ◽

Agricultural Use

Different types of sewage sludge produced during wastewater treatment and after storage of up to 5 years were analyzed for both virus and parasite eggs. Among the 145 samples examined, 87.6 % were positive for either Nematode and/or Cestode eggs. Anaerobic digestion of the sludge had little influence on the numbers of helminth eggs while conditioning with lime plus ferric chloride reduced the egg recovery. Helminth eggs were found in sludge samples stored for 1–2 or 3 years, but none were found in samples stored for 4 years or more. None of the Ascaris eggs tested were viable. Out of the 57 sludge samples examined for virus, all the biological sludges contained enterovirus, while only 44 % of the digested sludge samples and 10 % of the semi-dehydrated and conditioned (lime plus ferric chloride) sludge samples were positive for enterovirus. No virus were found in stored sludge. Epidemiological studies are necessary in order to determine any risks presented to public and animal health by the agricultural use of the sewage sludge.

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Study on Solid-State Fermentation Tea Produced by Antrodia camphorate with Taizishen (Pseudostellariae heterophylla)

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.997.106 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 997 ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

Dan Zhao Guo ◽

Hai Le Ma ◽

Zhi Wu Wang ◽

Yi Hao Zhu ◽

Dan Dan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Soybean Flour ◽

Optimal Medium ◽

Primary Medium ◽

Solid Fermentation

Taizishen and A.camphoratewere used respectively as primary medium and fermentation strain to obtain solid-fermentation tea in this paper. A.camphoratewere inoculated into the optimal medium with Taizishen’s powder of 90%, glucose of 3 %, soybean flour of 6 % and gypsum powder for food of 1 %, and cultured at 26 °C. The fermentation procedure was ended on three days after the mycelia of A.camphorategrowing all over the medium. The content of crude polysaccharides, total triterpenoids and amino acids were 12.03 %, 3.67 % and 4.6 % respectively in the solid-fermentation tea. The tea soup possessed good colour, special fruity from A.camphorate, mellow and full of taste.

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Using of Corn Gluten Growing of Trichoderma harzianum and production of acid protease

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2008.2.1.18 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 5-16

Author(s):

زهرة محمود الخفاجي ◽

لينا جاسم محمد ◽

بتول زينل علي

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Trichoderma Harzianum ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Acid Protease ◽

Protease Enzyme ◽

Corn Gluten ◽

First Time

The study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of corn cluten which is one of the agricultural wast products "especially the insoluble solid phase" for the first time as a culturing medium for Trichoderma harzianum and production of acid protease enzyme by solid state fermentation.

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Isolation, characterization and application of theophylline-degrading Aspergillus fungi

10.21203/rs.2.18212/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bin-Xing ZHOU ◽

Cunqiang Ma ◽

Tao Xia ◽

Xiaohong Li ◽

Chengqin Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Aspergillus Sydowii ◽

Microbial Conversion ◽

Aspergillus Tamarii ◽

Aspergillus Ustus ◽

Quantification Analysis ◽

First Time

Abstract Background: Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline are main purine alkaloid in tea. Theophylline is the downstream metabolite and it remains at a very low level in Camellia sinensis. In our previous study, Aspergillus sydowii could convert caffeine into theophylline in solid-state fermentation of pu-erh tea through N-demethylation. In this study, tea-derived fungi caused theophylline degradation in the solid-state fermentation. The purpose of this study is identify and isolate theophylline-degrading fungi and investigate their application in production of methylxanthines with theophylline as feedstock through microbial conversion. Results:Sseven tea-derived fungi were collected and identified by ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus tamarii, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus sydowii associated with solid-state fermentation of pu-erh tea have shown ability to degrade theophylline in liquid culture. Particularly, A. ustus and A. tamarii could degrade theophylline highly significantly (p < 0.01). 1,3-Dimethyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, 3-methyluric acid, xanthine and uric acid were detected consecutively by HPLC in A. ustus and A. tamarii, respectively. The data from absolute quantification analysis suggested that 3-methylxanthine and xanthine were the main degraded metabolites in A. ustus and A. tamarii, respectively. 129.48 ± 5.81 mg/L of 3-methylxanthine and 159.11 ± 10.8 mg/L of xanthine were produced by A. ustus and A. tamarii in 300 mg/L of theophylline liquid medium, respectively. Conclusions: For the first time, we confirmed that isolated Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus tamarii degrade theophylline through N-demethylation and oxidation. We were able to biologically produce 3-methylxanthine and xanthine efficiently from theophylline through a new microbial synthesis platform with A. ustus and A. tamarii as appropriate starter strains.

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Isolation, characterization and application of theophylline-degrading Aspergillus fungi

10.21203/rs.2.18212/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Bin-Xing ZHOU ◽

Cunqiang Ma ◽

Tao Xia ◽

Xiaohong Li ◽

Chengqin Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Liquid Culture ◽

Absolute Quantification ◽

Aspergillus Sydowii ◽

Microbial Conversion ◽

Aspergillus Tamarii ◽

Aspergillus Ustus ◽

Quantification Analysis ◽

First Time

Abstract Background: Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline are main purine alkaloid in tea. Theophylline is the downstream metabolite and stays a very low level in Camellia sinensis. In our previous study, Aspergillus sydowii could convert caffeine into theophylline in solid-state fermentation of tea through N-demethylation. In this study, tea-derived fungi caused theophylline degradation in the solid-state fermentation. The aim of this study was isolate theophylline-degrading fungi and to investigate their application in production of methylxanthines with theophylline as feedstock through microbial conversion. Results: Of seven tea-derived fungi collected and identified by ITS, β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences, Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus tamarii, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus sydowii associated with solid-state fermentation of pu-erh tea have shown ability to degrade theophylline. A. ustus and A. tamarii could degrade theophylline highly significantly (p < 0.01) in liquid culture. 1,3-Dimethyluric acid, 3-methylxanthine, 3-methyluric acid, xanthine and uric acid were detected consecutively by HPLC in A. ustus and A. tamarii respectively. The data from absolute quantification analysis suggest that 3-methylxanthine and xanthine were main degraded metabolites in A. ustus and A. tamarii respectively. 129.48 ± 5.81 mg/L of 3-methylxanthine and 159.11 ± 10.8 mg/L of xanthine were produced by A. ustus and A. tamarii respectively in 300 mg/L of theophylline liquid medium. Conclusions: For the first time, we confirmed that isolated Aspergillus ustus, Aspergillus tamarii degrade theophylline through N-demethylation and oxidation. We were able to biologically produce 3-methylxanthine and xanthine efficiently from theophylline through a new microbial synthesis platform with A. ustus and A. tamarii as appropriate starter strains.

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