scholarly journals Efficient tetracycline removal from aqueous solutions using ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon (IL@mAC)

Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar ◽  
Maryam Foroughi ◽  
...  

Abstract Tetracycline (TCy) belongs to PPCPs is such an widely used antibacterial drug, which is discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants or agricultural effluents. Due to low metabolism, poor absorption, overuse, and misuse, TCy is considered as threat to environmental and its removal from waste-water is vital. In this research, a novel ionic liquid modified magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (IL@mAC) was synthesized, characterized, and the adsorption efficiency of IL@mAC for removal of TCy was investigated under different operational parameters of pH (3–11); dose of IL@mAC (0.01–0.1 g/50 mL); reaction time (30–240 min), and initial TCy concentration (50-1500 mg/L). The IL@mAC characterization was done using XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, BET, and FTIR. Results of equilibrium experiment showed that the highest removal efficiency (~ 98%) was obtained using 0.06 g of IL@mAC in 135 min at pH 7 and temperature 303 K. Considering the correlation coefficients (R2) for different adsorption models, it can be deduced that adsorption of TCy onto IL@mAC is better followed by Langmuir (0.9977) in comparison to Freundlich (0.9412), and Temkin (0.9536) models. Furthermore, Langmuir adsorption capacity was observed to be 666.7 mg/g. The regeneration study showed that IL@mAC retained around 85% TCy adsorption efficiency after 6th cycle. Finally, the present study indicates that the IL@mAC is of a high applicability and has extremely high adsorbent capacity to remove TCy from water compared to most of other benchmark adsorbents reported in literature.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar ◽  
Maryam Foroughi ◽  
...  

Abstract Tetracycline (TCy) belongs to PPCPs is such an widely used antibacterial drug, which is discharged from urban wastewater treatment plants or agricultural efଂuents. Due to low metabolism, poor absorption, overuse, and misuse, TCy is considered as threat to environmental and its removal from waste-water is vital. In this research, a novel ionic liquid modiଁed magnetic activated carbon nanocomposite (IL@mAC) was synthesized, characterized, and the adsorption efficiency of IL@mAC for removal of TCy was investigated under different operational parameters of pH (3-11); dose of IL@mAC (0.01-0.1 g/50 mL); reaction time (30-240 min), and initial TCy concentration (50-1500 mg/L). The IL@mAC characterization was done using XRD, VSM, SEM-EDX, BET, and FTIR. Results of equilibrium experiment showed that the highest removal efficiency (~98%) was obtained using 0.06 g of IL@mAC in 135 min at pH 7 and temperature 303 K. Considering the correlation coefficients (R2) for different adsorption models, it can be deduced that adsorption of TCy onto IL@mAC is better followed by Langmuir (0.9985) in comparison to Freundlich (0.9322), and Temkin (0.9654) models. Furthermore, Langmuir adsorption capacity was observed to be 895.0 mg/g. The regeneration study showed that IL@mAC retained around 85% TCy adsorption efficiency after 6th cycle. Finally, the present study indicates that the IL@mAC is of a high applicability and has extremely high adsorbent capacity to remove TCy from water compared to most of other benchmark adsorbents reported in literature.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun-hwa Lee ◽  
Yeon-jung Cho ◽  
Miran Lee ◽  
Byung-Dae Lee

We surveyed the variation in perfluorinated compound (PFC) concentrations entering urban wastewater treatment plants and then designed an optimal PFCs treatment method based on a pilot test. The PFCs influent concentration was found to be affected by the types of industries and operating rate. The concentration of PFCs in the wastewater treatment effluent was slightly lower than that of the influent. Thus, PFCs had not been adequately removed by the existing biological treatments. The pilot test results showed that about 10% of PFCs was removed by coagulation and precipitation, and the ozone and chlorine test showed that few, if any, PFCs were removed regardless of the oxidant dose. The activated carbon adsorption test showed that the removal significantly increased with empty bed contact time, with about a 60% removal in five minutes and over 90% removal in over 15 minutes. Therefore, a more stable and higher PFCs removal would result from continuous oxidation processes, such as ozone and adsorption processes involving activated carbon, rather than a single biological treatment.


2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Canler ◽  
C. Royer ◽  
Ph. Duchène

Biological grease treatment is rapidly expanding in France, with about sixty plants recorded in 1998. They are designed at a volumetric loading of 2.5 kg COD/m3 of reactor per day. Several sites have been selected for their representativity and studied. Prior to detailed monitoring over a long period, preliminary investigations provided some information on the operation of these reactors. They showed that most of them are not optimized (low removal efficiency), but have limited operational constraints given their low load. This study enabled us to assess the quantity actually skimmed from the surface of the aerated grease separator in relation to the lipids in raw sewage, and to define the precautions to be taken for sampling and analysis of grease, before any data interpretation. A detailed measurement series was then implemented. It shows the considerable value of this process for the reduction of lipids and highlights the main operational parameters in order to obtain high performance while keeping low operating constraints.


Entecho ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Tamara Pacholská ◽  
Ivan Karpíšek ◽  
Jana Zuzáková ◽  
Vojtěch Kužel ◽  
Stanislav Gajdoš ◽  
...  

Mikropolutanty v životním prostředí působí negativně na vodní ekosystémy a též představují potenciální riziko pro lidské zdraví. Zásadním zdrojem vnosu mikropolutantů do životního prostředí jsou městské ČOV, jejichž konvenční mechanicko-biologická technologie není na odstraňování mikropolutantů navržena. V této práci jsme testovali účinnost odstranění mikropolutantů řadou oxidačních (např. ozonizace, UV/H2O2, Fentonova reakce, borem dopovaná diamantová elektroda) a sorpčních (např. granulované aktivní uhlí GAU, zeolity) procesů. Účinnost odstranění vybraných léčiv (např. erythromycin, sulfamethoxazol, ibuprofen atd.) a metabolitů pesticidů (např. acetochlor ESA, metazachlor ESA) jsme testovali v jednorázových vsádkových testech. S přihlédnutím k ekonomickým i provozním parametrům byla pro následné testování v reálných podmínkách (poloprovozní měřítko) zvolena kombinace oxidace UV/H2O2 a sorpce na GAU. Mikropolutanty v modelové vodě byly úspěšně odstraněny z 91% (suma léčiv) a cca 100% (suma metabolitů pesticidů) při použití optimální dávky H2O2 5 mg/l a intenzity UV záření 4 kJ/m2 s následnou sorpcí na GAU. Tyto velmi slibné výsledky v současné době ověřujeme v pilotní jednotce pro dočištění reálného odtoku z městské ČOV. Abstract (EN) Micropollutants cause harm to aquatic ecosystems and can also negatively affect human health. Major sources of micropollutants input to aquatic environments are wastewater treatment plants due to their insufficient removal during the conventional mechanical-biological process. This study aimed to evaluate potential WWTP effluent post-treatment processes for the removal of selected pharmaceuticals and pesticides using oxidation (e.g., ozonization, UV/H2O2, Fenton, boron-doped diamond electrode) and sorption (e.g. granular activated carbon, zeolite) processes and their combinations. The removal of selected pharmaceuticals (e.g. erythromycin, sulphamethoxazole, ibuprofen) and pesticides (e.g. acetochlor ESA, metazachlor ESA) was tested in batch assays. The combination of UV/H2O2 and activated carbon adsorption was the most favorable in terms of removal efficiency and economic and operational parameters. This combination achieved the removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals and pesticides of 91 and 100%, respectively, using an optimum H2O2 dose of 5 mg/L and UV intensity of 4 kJ/m2 followed by granular activated carbon adsorption. These promising results are currently adopted in a pilot-scale study for the post-treatment of a real WWTP effluent.


Author(s):  
Edris Bazrafshan ◽  
Amin Allah Zarei ◽  
Leili Mohammadi ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Zafar ◽  
Maryam Foroughi ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farooq Sher ◽  
Sania Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Tahir Rasheed ◽  
Kashif Hanif ◽  
Jasmina Sulejmanović ◽  
...  

Abstract In this research an electrochemical technique in combination with powdered activated carbon (PAC) for the removal of micropollutants by adsorption as an advanced stage purification step from effluents of pilot plant wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The effluents of sedimentation tank comprised of wastewater plus PAC (WWPAC). The pilot plant mainly consists of two parts; the first one consists of electrocoagulation (EC) reactor and the second consists of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) discs and electroflotation (EF) setup. The electrocoagulation (EC) reactor is a fiber box consisting of two chambers and thirty four plates of one material (either Fe or Al) on the whole in one EC reactor while one cell has seventeen plates. Both types of electrodes have been tested with the outflow of sedimentation tank. The outflow from the sedimentation tank has been entered into the EC reactor for the determination of EC reactor efficacy for the successful accomplishment of EC process at the designed pilot plant for WW treatment. The effect of different operational parameters; PAC dosage (20 mg), electrode nature (Fe and Al), current density (0.34–2.02 A/m2) has been studied to find out the optimum conditions. Sludge volume index (SVI) of the sludge, thermogravimetric (TG), differential thermal analyses (DTA) and particle size distribution (PSD) of the flocs generated after the EC process has also been studied. The turbidity, pH and conductivity of effluents before and after EC treatment has also been carried out. This pilot plant research gave promising results for future work in advance wastewater treatment direction.


2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 3069-3078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiannan Duan ◽  
Jianchao Lee ◽  
Han Chen ◽  
Yunyun Zheng

Abstract A novel magnetically separable magnetic activated carbon supporting-copper (MCAC) catalyst for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) was prepared by chemical impregnation. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The catalytic performance of the catalysts was evaluated by direct violet (D-BL) degradation in CWPO experiments. The influence of preparative and operational parameters (dipping conditions, calcination temperature, catalyst loading H2O2 dosage, pH, reaction temperature, additive salt ions and initial D-BL concentration) on degradation performance of CWPO process was investigated. The resulting MCAC catalyst showed higher reusability in direct violet oxidation than the magnetic activated carbon (MAC). Besides, dynamic tests also showed the maximal degradation rate reached 90.16% and its general decoloring ability of MCAC was 34 mg g−1 for aqueous D-BL.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanyi Fu ◽  
Xihui Zhang

AbstractSince the detection of phosphine in the wastewater treatment plants in 1988, more and more investigations revealed that phosphine is closely related to ecological activities on a global scale. Here, we present perspectives on the whole dynamic cycles of phosphorus, particularly in terms of phosphine and its interactions with natural ecosystems, as well as the impacts from human activities. It may conclude that the phosphine-driving cycles of phosphorus depend on the coordination of human activities with natural ecosystems. Most importantly, the extensive recovery of phosphorus in numerous urban wastewater treatment plants may seriously obstruct its global cycles to catch up with the ecological needs in natural ecosystems. Phosphine gas plays an important role in the biogeochemical phosphorus cycle. Phosphorus might be one of the important elements participating in the global climate change together with carbon and nitrogen.


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