A Simplified Tantalum Oxide Memristor Model, Parameters Estimation and Application in Memory Crossbars

In this paper, an improved and simplified modification of a tantalum oxide memristor model is presented. The proposed model is applied and analyzed in hybrid and passive memory crossbars in LTSPICE environment and is based on the standard Ta2O5 memristor model proposed by Hewlett–Packard. The discussed modified model has several main enhancements—inclusion of a simplified window function, improvement of its effectiveness by the use of a simple expression for the i–v relationship, and replacement of the classical Heaviside step function with a differentiable and flat step-like function. The optimal values of coefficients of the tantalum oxide memristor model are derived by comparison of experimental current–voltage relationships and by using a procedure for parameter estimation. A simplified LTSPICE library model, correspondent to the analyzed tantalum oxide memristor, is created in accordance with the considered mathematical model. The improved and altered Ta2O5 memristor model is tested and simulated in hybrid and passive memory crossbars for a state near to a hard-switching operation. After a comparison of several of the best existing memristor models, the main pros of the proposed memristor model are highlighted—its improved implementation, better operating rate, and good switching properties.

Optimisation of Plug and Abandonment Process Utilising Nuclear Technology for through Tubing Cement Evaluation

One of the major factors in the well plug and abandonment (P&A) process is to provide a proper isolation in aging wells which requires effective placement of the cement plug in the most suitable location in the well. Identifying cement placement is usually achieved by running cement evaluation logging to define the quality of cement and top of cement depth behind and in between the casing annuli. However, this comes with significant costs due to tubulars or casings removal requirement prior to logging run in order to conduct a proper evaluation. This is necessary since acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technologies will not be able to determine cement quality behind several casing layers if the job is done through tubing. The cost involved is substantial especially in offshore operation in which the daily operating rate is significantly higher compared to an onshore operation. A new approach to cement evaluation has been tested during the well P&A campaign in one of the aging oil fields in offshore, Peninsular Malaysia. A nuclear based technology comprised of Gamma-Gamma, Neutron-Neutron and Neutron-Gamma measurements were utilized to evaluate cement integrity behind production casing and between production casing as well as intermediate casing while logging run was deployed through tubing in memory mode. Log data was compared with acoustic and ultrasonic based cement evaluation technology that was deployed after the tubing was pulled out in one of the wells. Results had shown a consistent finding with the conventional ultrasonic based cement evaluation data. Based on the logging results, cement placement design and depth was finalized and the cement plug was successfully tested as outlined in the well P&A guideline. Findings from this logging run had provided useful insight to the operator to validate the nuclear based thru tubing cement evaluation technology for wells P&A application. Huge cost saving could be captured through this application as a result of eliminating total rig days via offline cement evaluation logging and based on the results obtained planning for the exact well P&A design requirement prior to the rig arrival. This paper will outline the method, tools used to acquire the cement evaluation data and its operational advantages. Acquired data will be presented and discussed along with the methodology used to determine cement volume and top of cement depth behind and in between the casings.

Right-Hand Side Expanding Algorithm for Maximal Frequent Itemset Mining

When it comes to association rule mining, all frequent itemsets are first found, and then the confidence level of association rules is calculated through the support degree of frequent itemsets. As all non-empty subsets in frequent itemsets are still frequent itemsets, all frequent itemsets can be acquired only by finding all maximal frequent itemsets (MFIs), whose supersets are not frequent itemsets. In this study, an algorithm, named right-hand side expanding (RHSE), which can accurately find all MFIs, was proposed. First, an Expanding Operation was designed, which, starting from any given frequent itemset, could add items using certain rules and form some supersets of given frequent itemsets. In addition, these supersets were all MFIs. Next, this operator was used to add items by taking all frequent 1-itemsets as the starting point alternately, and all MFIs were found in the end. Due to the special design of the Expanding Operation, each MFI could be found. Moreover, the path found was unique, which avoided the algorithm redundancy in temporal and spatial complexity. This algorithm, which has a high operating rate, is applicable to the big data of high-dimensional mass transactions as it is capable of avoiding the computing redundancy and finding all MFIs. In the end, a detailed experimental report on 10 open standard transaction sets was given in this study, including the big data calculation results of million-class transactions.

Design of System Level Architecture of Multi-Core with Array Mapping Based on Floating Processing Factor-Fast Fourier Transform for Health Informatics Application

In FFT algorithms memory access patterns prevent multiple architectures from achieving high machine use, particularly when parallel processing is needed to achieve the desired efficiency rates. Beginning with the extremely powerful FFT heart, the on-chip memory hierarchy for the multicored FFT processor, is co-designed and linked on-chip. We have shown that the Floating Processing Factor (FPPE) proposed achieves greater operating rate and lower power for the application of health informatics. This test mechanism aids in omission of faulty cores and autonomous detection also makes elegant multi-core architecture degradation feasible. Experimental results illustrate that the anticipated design is scalable widely in terms of performance overhead and hardware overhead which makes it appropriate to many-cores with more than a thousand processing cores through Low Power and High Speed.

Nearly continuous Ca^+ optical clocks with stability at the 10^-18 level

Optical clocks are important for precise measurements in the field of physics. As reported, both the instability and uncertainty of optical lattice clocks are more than two orders of magnitude smaller than those of the best microwave clocks. Therefore, in the near future, optical clocks could be used to redefine the second. Nevertheless, an optical clock with reliability comparable to microwave clocks has not been achieved thus far. In this paper, we compared the frequencies of two Ca^+ optical clocks that were nearly continuously operated for 31 days. Through the comparison experiment, the frequency stability of a single clocks was found to be 6.3×10^-18 at an averaging time of 520 000 s and 7.9×10^-18 at averaging time of 262000 s, while the operating uptime rate reached more than 90% in the period of around 5 days. Thus, our experiment demonstrated that it is possible to increase the stability of single-ion optical clocks to the 10^-18 level, while still maintaining quasi-continuous operation with a high operating rate. This result further confirms that optical clocks can potentially be used to redefine the second.

SELISIH TARIF RUMAH SAKIT TERHADAP TARIF INA-CBG’s PADA PASIEN SECTIO CAESAREA DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH IDAMAN BANJARBARU TAHUN 2019

Caesar's operating rate continues to increase in every country, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the ideal Caesarean Section Rate (CSR) for a country is around 10% to 15%. INA-CBG’s is a payment with a package system based on the patient’s illness. In implementing the INA-CBG’s system, problems often occur in the financing. The thing that often happens is hospital rates in the Caesarean Sectio exceed INA-CBG’s claims. The study aims to determine the difference between hospital rates with claims of INA-CBG’s in Idaman Hospital Banjarbaru. This study is an observational hospital study of direct medical costs, data retrieved retrospectively from the JKN participant claims data of patients with Sectio Caesarea in 2019 in Hospital Idaman Banjarbaru as many as 833 data samples using samples jenuh. Data calculation to find out the difference is done by subtracking hospital rates with INA-CBG’s rates. The result showed the difference between hospital rates and INA-CBG’s rates in Sectio Caesarea patients in Hospital Idaman Banjarbaru is a negative difference of Rp. 3.908.338.992 (n=833) and the difference between the average hospital rates and the average INA-CBG’s rates is Rp.4.691.884 per patient.

Groundwater Simulation and Wells Distribution at Qazaniyah City in Diyala Governorate

In recent years, there is more interest in water sources availability, including groundwater due to an increase in demand for water because of the increasing population in the world, and the water recedes due to climate change also. Therefore, the study of groundwater has required more attention. The aim of the present study is to establish a MODFLOW model in the groundwater modeling system software to simulate the movement of groundwater in the Turssaq alluvial fan which is located in the Qazaniyah city, east of Diyala Governorate. The solid model was used to define the aquifer in the study area. Using the GIS software, mapping and preparing the data needed to create a conceptual model were carried out. The data of the wells were used to create and define the aquifer, then a three-dimensional model was created. Measuring the water table for some wells were simultaneously monitored to determine the hydraulic conductivity values ​​of the aquifer through the (PEST) package provided by the software. The hydraulic conductivity value of the main layer was 18 m/d. Then several readings of observation wells were recorded for the period extended from 1/Nov/2018 to 22/May/2019 for the calibration process in the unsteady situation and to determine the coefficient of storage. The value of the storage coefficient was defined as 0.001. Several scenarios were conducted for the study area to find the best distance between the wells. Three distances were tested, 500, 1000 and 1500 m. The operating periods were 6, 12 and 18 (hours/day). Results obtained from the model show that the best distance between the wells is 1000 meters with a maximum operating rate of 12 hours/day. The maximum discharge with the lowest distance and the lowest drawdown of the groundwater table are considered.

Detection and Treatment Methods for Perfluorinated Compounds in Wastewater Treatment Plants

We surveyed the variation in perfluorinated compound (PFC) concentrations entering urban wastewater treatment plants and then designed an optimal PFCs treatment method based on a pilot test. The PFCs influent concentration was found to be affected by the types of industries and operating rate. The concentration of PFCs in the wastewater treatment effluent was slightly lower than that of the influent. Thus, PFCs had not been adequately removed by the existing biological treatments. The pilot test results showed that about 10% of PFCs was removed by coagulation and precipitation, and the ozone and chlorine test showed that few, if any, PFCs were removed regardless of the oxidant dose. The activated carbon adsorption test showed that the removal significantly increased with empty bed contact time, with about a 60% removal in five minutes and over 90% removal in over 15 minutes. Therefore, a more stable and higher PFCs removal would result from continuous oxidation processes, such as ozone and adsorption processes involving activated carbon, rather than a single biological treatment.

A distributed and integrated method for cooperative mission planning of multiple heterogeneous UAVs

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a distributed and integrated method to get a fast and feasible solution for cooperative mission planning of multiple heterogeneous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Design/methodology/approach In this study, the planning process is conducted in a distributed framework; the cooperative mission planning problem is reformulated with some specific constraints in the real mission; a distributed genetic algorithm is the algorithm proposed for searching for the optimal solution; genes of the chromosome are modified to adapt to the heterogeneous characteristic of UAVs; a fixed-wing UAV’s six degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model with a path following method is used to test the proposed mission planning method. Findings This method not only has the ability to obtain good feasible solutions but also improves the operating rate vastly. Research limitations/implications This study is only applied to the case where the communication among UAVs is linked during the mission. Practical implications This study is expected to be practical for a real mission because of its fast operating rate and good feasible solution. Originality/value This solution is tested on a fixed-wing UAV’s 6-DOF model by a path following method, so it is believable from the perspective of an autonomous UAV guidance and control system.