scholarly journals Midgut-Specific Expression of P450 Gene Increases Deltamethrin Tolerance in The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subba Reddy Palli ◽  
Xien Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Luciferase Activity ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
P450 Gene ◽  
Germline Transformation

Abstract The piggyBac-based germline transformation system was recently established in a global agricultural pest, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. Tissue-specific promoters are needed to apply this transformation system to express transgenes in a tissue-specific manner. Highly expressed genes in the midgut were identified by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Promoter regions of 11 genes highly expressed in the midgut were identified and cloned. Baculoviruses expressing the luciferase under the control of these promoters were produced and tested in the FAW. These baculoviruses did not show significant luciferase activity in the FAW midgut. Four transgenic FAW lines, expressing the luciferase under the control of SfSP38/P2000, SfCalphotin/P2000, SfMG17/P2000, and SfCPH38/P2000 promoters were generated using piggyBac-based germline transformation methods. Significantly higher luciferase activity was detected in the midgut than in other tissues of transgenic FAW. SfCPH38/P2000 promoter with the highest activity and midgut-specificity was used to drive the expression of a P450, SfCYP321A8 known to be involved in deltamethrin resistance. Higher mRNA levels of SfCYP321A8 and P450 activity were detected in the midgut of transgenic larvae than in wild-type larvae. Bioassays showed that the transgenic larvae expressing SfCYP321A8 in the midgut are tolerant to deltamethrin. Here, we presented methods for the identification of midgut-specific promoters in the FAW and used them to study the role of P450 overexpression in the midgut on insecticide resistance. These methods could also be used to identify other tissue-specific promoters for applications of piggyBac-based germline transformation in functional genomics in FAW and other non-model insects.

Tissue-specific expression of the rat insulin 1 gene in vivo requires both the enhancer and promoter regions

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Françoise Dandoy-Dron ◽  
Jean-Michel Itier ◽  
Eliane Monthioux ◽  
Danielle Bucchini ◽  
Jacques Jami
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression

scholarly journals Tissue-specific regulation of the expression of rat kallikrein gene family members by thyroid hormone

1990 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Clements ◽  
B A Matheson ◽  
J E Funder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Specific Regulation

We have altered the thyroid hormonal status of both male and female rats and examined the expression of six functional members of the rat kallikrein gene family (PS, S1, S2, S3, K1 and P1) in the submandibular gland (SMG), kidney, prostate, testis and anterior pituitary gland (AP) of these animals. On Northern-blot analysis with gene-specific oligonucleotide probes, the steady-state mRNA levels of S1, S2, S3, K1 and P1 were all dramatically altered in the SMG of male and female rats treated with propylthiouracil (PTU; 100 mg/litre of drinking water) or thyroxine (T4; 10 micrograms/100 mg body wt.) for 3 weeks. The SMG mRNA levels of these five genes were all lowered (30-90%) in hypothyroid (PTU-treated) male and female rats and elevated (1.4-4-fold, male; 1.5-11-fold, female) in the hyperthyroid (T4-treated) and PTU/T4-treated animals. In contrast, PS (true kallikrein) mRNA levels in the male or female SMG or kidney were essentially unchanged. K1 mRNA levels in the kidney were considerably less responsive to thyroid status than those in the SMG. Changes in S3 and P1 mRNA levels in the prostate were also variable, but essentially unaffected by these treatments. AP PS mRNA levels were also unaffected by changes in thyroid-hormonal status, as were levels of a novel P1-like mRNA in the testis. In summary, these studies demonstrate that the same kallikrein gene family member(s) may be differentially regulated by thyroid hormones in the rat SMG, kidney, prostate and pituitary, and thus further extend the concept of tissue-specific expression and hormonal regulation of the kallikrein gene family in the rat.

CpG islands in genes showing tissue-specific expression

1990 ◽  
Vol 326 (1235) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Single Cell Type

Patterns of DNA methylation at GpG dinucleotides and their relations with gene expression are complex. Methylation-free CpG clusters, so-called HTF islands, are most often associated with the promoter regions of housekeeping genes, whereas genes expressed in a single-cell type are usually deficient in these sequences. However, in the human carbonic anhydrase (CA) gene family, both the ubiquitously expressed CAII and the muscle specific CAIII appear to have such CpG islands although erythrocyte-specific CAI does not. The CAII island is quantitatively more CpG rich than that of CAIII, with a CpG :GpC ratio of 0.94 compared with 0.82 for CAIII. Estimation of CpG:GpC ratios in the proximal-promoter regions of 44 vertebrate genes suggest that 40% of genes with tissue-specific or limited tissue distribution may show methylation-free CpG clusters in their promoter regions. In many cases the CpG:GpC ratio is less than that found in housekeeping genes and this may reflect variation in the interaction of CpG clusters with regulatory factors that define different patterns of tissue expression.

scholarly journals Influence of thyroid hormone on the tissue-specific expression of cytochrome c oxidase isoforms during cardiac development

1997 ◽  
Vol 327 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia MEEHAN ◽  
John M. KENNEDY
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Protein Subunits ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Neonatal Stage ◽  
Developing Rat

In mammals, cytochrome coxidase (COX) is composed of 13 different protein subunits. In the rat, two nuclear-encoded subunits, COX VIa and VIII, exist as tissue-specific isoforms: heart and liver. Using Northern-blot analysis, the levels of transcripts for the heart and liver isoforms of VIa and VIII were examined in developing rat hearts. The liver isoform was found to be the predominant form of subunit VIa and the exclusive form of VIII in the 18-day fetal hearts. The mRNA levels of the heart isoform of both subunits increased dramatically to reach adult levels by 14 days. Although the levels of the VIa- and VIII-liver isoform mRNAs remained stable throughout early development, their levels decreased by 40 and 36% respectively between the 18-day fetal stage and 18-day neonatal stage. Therefore the up-regulation of the heart isoforms and down-regulation of the liver isoforms appear to be regulated in a co-ordinated manner during development. To determine if thyroid hormone influences the expression of these developmentally regulated isoforms, the RNA was also extracted from the hearts of 2-week-old hypothyroid rats. The results showed that the levels of VIII-heart and VIa-liver COX mRNAs were approx. 40% lower in the hypothyroid hearts, while VIII-liver and VIa-heart COX isoform expression remained unchanged. These data demonstrate that the isoforms of COX subunits VIa and VIII are not co-ordinately regulated by changes in thyroid hormone levels. Therefore we conclude that, although thyroid hormone influences the expression of isoforms, it appears to do so via a different mechanism from that which regulates the developmental transition.

scholarly journals Genomic and transcriptomic analysis unveils population evolution and development of pesticide resistance in fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Furong Gui ◽  
Tianming Lan ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Wei Guo ◽  
Yang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Strain Identification ◽  
Pesticide Resistance ◽  
P450 Gene ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Close Relationship

Abstract The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive pest native to America and has recently become an invasive insect pest in China. Because of its rapid spread and great risks in China, understanding of FAW genetic background and pesticide resistance is urgent and essential to develop effective management strategies. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level genome of a male FAW (SFynMstLFR) and compared re-sequencing results of the populations from America, Africa, and China. Strain identification of 163 individuals collected from America, Africa and China showed that both C and R strains were found in the American populations, while only C strain was found in the Chinese and African populations. Moreover, population genomics analysis showed that populations from Africa and China have close relationship with significantly genetic differentiation from American populations. Taken together, FAWs invaded into China were most likely originated from Africa. Comparative genomics analysis displayed that the cytochrome p450 gene family is extremely expanded to 425 members in FAW, of which 283 genes are specific to FAW. Treatments of Chinese populations with twenty-three pesticides showed the variant patterns of transcriptome profiles, and several detoxification genes such as AOX, UGT and GST specially responded to the pesticides. These findings will be useful in developing effective strategies for management of FAW in China and other invaded areas.

scholarly journals Transgenic Mice Demonstrate Novel Promoter Regions for Tissue-Specific Expression of the Urokinase Receptor Gene

2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Wang ◽  
John Hicks ◽  
Parham Khanbolooki ◽  
Sun-Jin Kim ◽  
Chunhong Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Urokinase Receptor ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression
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