Rafael Bellotti Azevedo
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Beatriz Deberaldini Marinho
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Tomás de Souza Mello
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Bruna Gopp Botelho
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João Victor Gonçalves de Hollanda
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...
Introduction:
Dyslipidemia, Glucose Intolerance (GI), Diabetes Mellitus (DM), and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are metabolic conditions often asymptomatic and related to high cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Nonetheless, these conditions are not commonly screened in younger adults. The LapARC cohort Study is a population-based study to assess CV risk profile in a young adult population.
Objective:
To evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia, DM, GI, and MS in a young adult population enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the center of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Methods:
Cross-sectional population study that enrolled individuals aged 20-50 years registered in an FHS unit in Rio de Janeiro. Sociodemographic, anthropometric characteristics, and CV risk factors were recorded. Office blood pressure (BP) was obtained by the average of 2 measurements obtained on two different occasions. All participants underwent laboratory evaluation (lipid and glycemic profile) and home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM). Two screening questionnaires for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): STOP-BANG (SBQ) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were applied.
Results:
We evaluated 575 individuals [39% male gender; average age: 39.9 ± 8.7 years old]. The most common modifiable CV risk factors were physical inactivity (43.0%), and obesity (25.0%). The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 57.6%. These individuals had a higher prevalence of male gender (42.0% vs 34.0%), MS (25.0% vs 4.0%), and high risk for OSA by ESS (35.0% vs 27%). A total of 91 individuals (15.8%) were diagnosed with MS, being predominantly males (52.0% vs 36.0%), older and obese (46.0% vs 21.0%), with a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (90.0% vs 52.0%), GI (20.0% vs 5.0%), hypertension (63.0% vs 18.0%) with uncontrolled office and Home BP. They also had a high risk for OSA by SBQ and ESS (25.0% vs 8.0%). Moreover, a total of 55 (9.6%) subjects presented an altered glycemic profile. These individuals were older with a higher prevalence of obesity (38.0% vs 24.0%), hypertension (36.0% vs 23.0%), uncontrolled HBPM (22.0% vs 12.0%) and MS (29.0% vs 13.0%) when compared to normoglycemic patients.
Conclusion:
This young and apparently healthy population has an adverse cardiometabolic profile, indicating the importance of precocious CV risk stratification. Thus, efficient primary preventive strategies can be implemented to reduce the probability of CV disease development in the future.
Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial of Oral Azithromycin Prophylaxis against Respiratory Infections in a High‐Risk, Young Adult Population
