scholarly journals OSTEOPOROSIS AND SARCOPENIA: COMMON ETIOPATHOGENETIC FACTORS, PREVENTION AND NON-DRUG TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-474
Author(s):  
V.A. Malakhov ◽  
A.K. Tyagniryadko ◽  
Y.A. Isaeva
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Age Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Osteosarcopenic Obesity ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

The problem of osteoporosis and sarcopenia is one of the leading problems in world medicine. There is a significant increase in the number of patients with these pathologies, which is associated with increased life expectancy. Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are among the most common diseases in old age. Moreover, if earlier these pathologies, especially osteoporosis, were observed mainly in the elderly, now these diagnoses have significantly rejuvenated. Thus, early diagnosis, methods of prevention, early treatment and rehabilitation of these diseases become relevant. Equally important is the relationship between these diseases and the commonality of their etiology and pathogenesis, and, accordingly, the identity of methods of prevention and treatment. In the context of medical and preventive care, the commonalities and differences of genetic, biochemical and age factors and nosological units that lead to the development of these pathologies are analyzed. Methods of prevention and non-drug treatment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia are considered in detail. The most effective methods of prevention and non-drug treatment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia have been identified. The common etiopathogenetic factors of sarcopenia and osteoporosis, disorders of fat metabolism and, ultimately, reduced physical activity, suggests the presence of osteosarcopenia and osteosarcopenic obesity. The same commonality leads to almost identical approaches in the treatment and prevention of these diseases.

scholarly journals Improved testing for vitamin B12 deficiency: correcting MMA for eGFR reduces the number of patients classified as vitamin B12 deficient

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia LM van Loon ◽  
Anna M Wilbik ◽  
Uzay Kaymak ◽  
Edwin R van den Heuvel ◽  
Volkher Scharnhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Methylmalonic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Data Mining Approach ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Relationship

Background Methylmalonic acid (MMA) can detect functional vitamin B12 deficiencies as it accumulates early when intracellular deficits arise. However, impaired clearance of MMA from blood due to decreased glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) also results in elevated plasma MMA concentrations. Alternative to clinical trials, a data mining approach was chosen to quantify and compensate for the effect of decreased eGFR on MMA concentration. Methods Comprehensive data on patient’s vitamin B12, eGFR and MMA concentrations were collected ( n = 2906). The relationship between vitamin B12, renal function (eGFR) and MMA was modelled using weighted multiple linear regression. The obtained model was used to estimate the influence of decreased eGFR on MMA. Clinical impact was examined by comparing the number of patients labelled vitamin B12 deficient with and without adjustment in MMA. Results Adjusting measured MMA concentrations for eGFR in the group of patients with low-normal vitamin B12 concentrations (90–300 pmol/L) showed that the use of unadjusted MMA concentrations overestimates vitamin B12 deficiency by 40%. Conclusions Through a data mining approach, the influence of eGFR on the relation between MMA and vitamin B12 can be quantified and used to correct the measured MMA concentration for decreased eGFR. Especially in the elderly, eGFR-based correction of MMA may prevent over-diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency and corresponding treatment.

scholarly journals Hubungan Tren Bersepeda dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan Imunitas Tubuh Lansia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Ema Novita Deniati ◽  
Annisaa Annisaa
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The number of positive incidents, mortality and mortality due to Covid-19 is getting higher. In 2020, around 76.7% of elderly people died because of Covid-19 from the total number of patients who died due to Covid-19. This increasing number is not in line with the activity of cycling trends that were rife during the Covid-19 pandemic. So that there is a mismatch with the principles of health sports, namely sports to improve the health status of sports players. Therefore, this study is important to do to determine the relationship between cycling trends during the pandemic and increased immunity, especially for the elderly. The research method used is a literature review of various research articles that have been published in various journals indexed by Google Scholar, Research Gate, Scopus, and PubMed. The articles reviewed were articles related to cycling and the immunity of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on the analysis of the articles that have been done, there is a relationship between cycling and the immunity of the elderly. However, the SARS CoV-2 virus can infect healthy people without symptoms which then spreads to the elderly and causes high cases of mortality in the elderly. So that it requires active participation by all parties to prevent the spread of Covid-19 and improve the immune system in the midst of a pandemic with cycling.   Abstrak: Angka kejadian positif, mordibitas, dan mortalitas akibat Covid-19 semakin tinggi. Pada tahun 2020 terdapat sekitar 76,7% lansia yang meninggal karena Covid-19 dari total keseluruhan pasien meninggal akibat Covid-19. Angka yang semakin naik tersebut tidak sejalan dengan aktifitas tren bersepeda yang marak diminati saat pandemi Covid-19. Sehingga terdapat ketidaksesuaian dengan prinsip olahraga kesehatan yaitu olahraga untuk meningkatkan derajat kesehatan bagi pelaku olahraga. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara tren bersepeda dimasa pandemi terhadap peningkatan imunitas tubuh khususnya bagi lansia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu review literatur dari berbagai artikel penelitian yang telah terpublikasi dalam berbagai jurnal yang terindeks Google Cendekia, Research Gate, Scopus, dan PubMed. Artikel yang direview yaitu artikel yang berhubungan dengan olahraga bersepeda dan imunitas tubuh lansia dimasa pandemi Covid-19. Berdasarkan analisis artikel yang telah dilakukan, terdapat hubungan antara olahraga bersepeda dengan imunitas tubuh lansia. Namun, virus SARS CoV-2 dapat menjangkit pada orang sehat tanpa gejala yang kemudian menyebar ke lansia dan menyebabkan tingginya kasus mortalitas pada lansia. Sehingga diperlukan partisipasi aktif oleh semua pihak untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 dan meningkatkan sistem imunitas tubuh di tengah pandemi dengan olahraga bersepeda.

scholarly journals Better Cognitive Function Increase the Independence Level of Eldery

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Syahreza Nazhara ◽  
Maria Regina Rachmawati
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Katz Index ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The number of elderly is increasing, estimated by the year of 2020 reach 28,800,000 (11.34%) ofthe total population. One of the common problems of the elderly is dependence on daily activity function andcognitive function. There is no data about the relationship between cognitive function with independence indaily activity in rthe nursing home. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between cognitivefunction with the level of independence on daily activity in the elderly who live in a nursing home.Methods: Study design was analytical observation by the cross-sectional study. The instruments that used inthis study was the Mini Mental Status Evaluation (MMSE) questionnaire, to measure the cognitive function,Katz index questionnaire to measure the level of independency. analyzed by Spearman correlation test.Results: The subjects were 107 elderly, the mean age was 69.7±8.7. MMSE score were 0-17 (severe), 18-23(moderate), and 24-30 (Normal), respectively were; 62 (57.9%) ,26 (24.3%),19 (17.8%). Katz Index score were02 (severe dependency), 3-5 (moderate dependency), and 6 (independence), respectively were; 8 (7,5%), 24(22,4%), 70 (70,1%). There is the positive relationship between cognitive function and the level of independencein elderly (p=0.000, r = 0.335).Conclusion: The higher cognitive function correlates with the higher independence level of elderly in nurseryhome.Keywords: cognitive function, independence level, elderly, nursery home

scholarly journals Osteoporosis drug treatment after fracture

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Olga N. Tkacheva ◽  
Natalia V. Brailova ◽  
Ekaterina N. Dudinskaya ◽  
Veronika A. Kuznesova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Strength Based ◽  
Late Initiation ◽  
Antiresorptive Drugs ◽  
Fracture Consolidation ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

The prevalence of osteoporosis, especially among the elderly, is increasing exponentially, leading to an increase in the number of fractures and disability. As a result, new requirements for anti-osteoporotic therapy appear, associated with its influence not only on the remodeling of healthy bone, but also on the acceleration of fracture consolidation. The article provides a brief overview of the effect of various anti-osteoporotic drugs on the healing of bone fractures. An assessment of the consolidating effect of antiresorptive drugs — bisphosphonates and denosumab, and anabolic drug — teriparatide, monoclonal antibodies blocking the protein sclerostin, strontium ranelate is given. The use of antiresorptive drugs did not affect, according to the literature, the slowing down of consolidation after fractures of various parts of the skeleton (hip, vertebrae, distal radius). The introduction of anabolic drugs, in particular teriparatide, is accompanied by faster healing of fractures in comparison with the timing of natural bone regeneration or the intake of bisphosphonates, causing an improvement in the formation of callus. The use of drugs that block sclerostin also increases bone formation and bone strength. Based on the available data, it can be concluded that fractures should not be considered as a contraindication to the use of these drugs and be the reason for the late initiation of drug treatment of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Quantifying the relationship between diseases and symptoms using big data (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ShihHan Lin ◽  
Hsin Hui Shao
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Data Points ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stuffy Nose

BACKGROUND Crises in endemic transmitted diseases affect humans worldwide, and the symptoms these diseases cause may provide firsthand information about these disorders. OBJECTIVE We suggest that massive new data sources resulting from human interaction with the Internet may offer a unique perspective on the relationship between illness and symptoms. METHODS By analyzing changes in Google query volumes for search terms related to disease, we find a pattern that may define the relationship between symptoms and disorders. We first retrieved pattern data from Google Trend using the common cold as the primary disease, and sore throat, stuffy nose, sneeze, fever, cough, and headache as symptoms. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated using SPSS to determine the relationship between the symptoms and the disease. RESULTS Data created since 2013/1/13 was retrieved from Google Trend on a weekly basis. A total of 261 sets of data were calculated to create a high correlation coefficient of 0.925 between the common cold and the stuffy nose symptom. The cough symptom has the second highest correlation coefficient of 0.925, sore throat has a correlation coefficient of 0.853, and fever has a correlation coefficient of 0.626, which was significant at the 0.01 level in a two-tailed test. CONCLUSIONS Data on the relationship between diseases and symptoms often comes from facilities such as government, hospitals, and clinics, where the data is collected through the documentation of physicians and nurses. A conventional study can be limited by the region, the number of patients and the interpretation of the specialist. However, with access to Google Trend’s big data, millions or even billions of data points are accumulated directly from the patient. Another contribution of this study is that the quantified relationship between symptoms and diseases can be used to educate future physicians or even artificial intelligence.

The relationship between alexithymia, cognitive deterioration and chronic illness in the elderly

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Gomez-Conesa ◽  
Maria Virgilia Anton Anton ◽  
Daniel Jesus Catalan Matamoros
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Deterioration ◽  
The Relationship

Modern determinants of endometrium hyperplastic processes pathogenesis

2016 ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
V.O. Benyuk ◽  
◽  
V.M. Goncharenko ◽  
T.R. Nykoniuk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Receptor Phenotype ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Endometrial Proliferation

The objective: to еxplore the relationship between the activity of endometrial proliferation and the state of the local immune response in the uterus in the conditions berprestasi process. Patients and methods. Examined 228 women of reproductive and perimenopausal age with endometrial pathology using ultrasound and then performing hysteroresectoscopy. Determination of the concentrations of the cytokines IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF was performed by solid phase ELISA. Results. Found a trend that confirms the loss of sensitivity to hormones at the stage of malignancy of the endometrium and can be used as diagnostic determinants in determining the nature of intrauterine pathology and criterion of the effectiveness of conservative therapy. Conclusion. Improving etiopatogenetice approach to the therapy of hyperplastic proce.sses of endometrium with determination of receptor phenotype of the endometrium is a research direction in modern gynecology, which will help to improve the results of treatment and prevention of intrauterine pathology. Key words: endometrial hyperplasia,the receptors for progesterone and estrogen, immunohistochemical method.

Verification of the Relationship between Stepping Ability for Avoiding Falls and the Ten-Step Test in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-549
Author(s):  
Kengo OKAWARA ◽  
Yoshinobu YOSHIMOTO ◽  
Ryota ASHIZAWA ◽  
Kazuma YAMASHITA ◽  
Koki TAKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Step Test ◽  
The Relationship

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Antipsychotic Therapy in the Elderly Patients with Dementia

Psychiatry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
I. V. Kolykhalov
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Mixed Dementia ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Antipsychotic Therapy ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
High Incidence

The objective of the study was to investigate syndromal-nosological specificities of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and the frequency of use of antipsychotics in patients with various types of dementias, institutionalized to geriatric units of mental hospitals.Patients and methods: a total of 106 in-patients of three psychogeriatric units were examined. The median age of patients is 75 years [69; 80].The diagnostic distribution of patients at the time of the examination was as follows: in 33 subjects (31.1%) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was diagnosed, in 25 (23.6%) - mixed dementia (MD), in 32 (30.2%) - vascular dementia (VD) and in 16 (15.1%) patients had dementia of complex origin (DCO).Results: a high incidence (54.7%) of NPS was found in patients with dementia of various origins. The greatest number of patients with behavioral and psychotic symptoms was found in AD and MD. The proportion of dementia patients with such disorders in each of these types of dementia is about 70%, while in CGD and VD, the proportion of patients with NPS is noticeably smaller (30% and 40%, respectively). For the treatment of NPS, antipsychotics were most often prescribed, but their use caused adverse events (AEs) in 1/3 of cases. Patients with VD are most susceptible to the development of AE, and AD patients are the least susceptible.Conclusion: the study showed that NPS are one of the important components of dementia, regardless of the nosology and stage of the disease. The treatment of NPS in dementia is particularly challenging because, although the symptoms cause significant distress, there are currently no effective alternative therapies. The risk of AE can be minimized by carefully considering the indications for prescribing antipsychotics and their short-term use, regular monitoring of the patient’s condition, and educating caregivers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document