scholarly journals POTATO RESPONSES TO FERTILIZER AND INDIGENOUS SOIL PHOSPHOROUS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 759F-759
Author(s):  
W.B. Evans ◽  
D.D. Warncke
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Triple Super Phosphate ◽  
Tuber Specific Gravity ◽  
Phosphorous Level

Single-plant microplots of `Russet Norkotah' potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) were grown outdoors in a 5 × 5 factorial RCBD of indigenous phosphorous level (200, 325, 450, 575, 700 kg·ha-1 Bray-Kurtz Pl extractable; McBride sandy loam) and banded triple super phosphate (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg P2O5/ha). Disease in the low P soil that was used to create the four lower P soil blends completely confounds response of the plants across indigenous P levels and might have accentuated responses within levels. Plants responded to fertilizer P with tuber yield increases of 100, 70, 40, and 10 percent within the 200, 325, 450, and 575 indigenous P levels, respectively. Fertilizer P also increased marketable yield and tuber P concentration. Neither indigenous nor fertilizer P altered tuber specific gravity. Companion studies compare the responses of corn (Zea mays L.) and potato to indigenous soil P levels and quantify P uptake among potato cultivars in solution culture.

scholarly journals Potential of Cool-Season Legumes for Removing Excess P From Poultry Litter Application

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 605A-605
Author(s):  
D.R. Earhart ◽  
M.L. Baker ◽  
V.A. Haby
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Application Rates

Phosphorus (P) concentration in surface waters from non-point agricultural sources is an increasing resource management concern. This study was conducted at Overton, Texas, on a Bowie fine sandy loam (fine-loamy, siliceous, thermic, Plinthic Paleudults) to evaluate cool-season legumes for P uptake following poultry litter (PL) application rates on spring vegetables. Treatments were PL rate (0, 1X, 2X, 4X) and a commercial blend (CB) for comparison. Cool-season legumes, consisting of crimson clover, berseem clover, hairy vetch, and red clover, were the subplots. The vegetable crop in Spring 1995 was watermelon. The 1X PL rate was 2.2 t·ha-1 and the CB was 44.8N-0P-32.5K kg·ha-1. Dry matter yield was decreased by the 4X PL rate. Plant P concentration increased linearly as PL rate was increased. The greatest P uptake (4.1 kg·ha-1) was at the 2X rate. Hairy vetch had the greatest yield (1,875 kg·ha-1), plant P concentration (0.53%), and P uptake (9.6 kg·ha-1). PL rate increased soil P concentration at all depths. The least amount of P accumulation was from CB and was equal to the control. Hairy vetch appears to have the capability of removing a greater amount of P and reducing soil concentration when compared to the other legume species tested.

Influence of soil texture on fertilizer and soil phosphorus transformations in Gleysolic soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Zheng ◽  
L. E. Parent ◽  
J. A. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Soil Texture ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
P Fractionation ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Heavy Clay

The P dynamics in soils should be quantified in agricultural soils to improve fertilizer P (FP) efficiency while limiting the risk of P transfer from soils to water bodies. This study assessed P transformations following FP addition to Gleysolic soils. A pot experiment was conducted with five soils varying in texture from sandy loam to heavy clay, and receiving four FP rates under barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.) rotations. A modified Hedley procedure was used for soil P fractionation. Soil resin-P and NaHCO3-Pi contents were interactively affected by texture and FP. The NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Po, HCl-P and H2SO4-P were only affected by soil texture. Proportions of 78 and 90% of the variation in labile and total P were, respectively, related to soil clay content. The FP addition increased resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi and NaOH-Pi and -Po contents in coarse-textured soils, but the amount added was not sufficient to mask the initial influence of soil texture on the sizes of soil P pools. Plant P uptake was proportional to FP rate but less closely linked to clay content. The average increase in labile P per unit of total FP added in excess of plant exports was 0.85, 0.8 2 , 0.73, 0.55 and 0.24 for the sandy loam, loam, clay loam, clay and heavy clay soil, respectively. The results of this study stress the important of considering soil texture in Gleysolic soils when assessing P accumulation and transformations in soils, due to commercial fertilizers applied in excess of crop removal. Key words: P fractions, clay content, fertilizer P, plant P uptake, soil texture

scholarly journals PENGUNAAN ENDAPAN AIR GAMBUT SEBAGAI AMELIORAN ALTERNATIF TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG SEMI (Zea mays L )

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Teguh Budi Prasetyo ◽  
Husnita Husnita ◽  
Irwan Darfis
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exchangeable Al

The main problems of Ultisols are high Al concentration, low pH, low cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), and low fertility.  The objectives of this reasearch were to study the effect of peat water deposit to some chemical properties of Ultisols and to determine the optimal level of peat water deposit for optimum corn yield.  The experimental design was the complete randomized design that consisted of 5 levels of peat water deposit (0, 800, 1600, 2400, and 3200 kg/ha).  The results showed that the application of peat water deposit could reduce exchangeable Al, increase CEC and soil P concentration, P-uptake, and corn yield.  The highest corn yield was obtained at application of 3200 kg peat water deposit /ha.Key Words : Ultisols, peat water precipitation, soil chemical characteristics, corn

Phosphorus efficiency in pasture species. II. Differences in the utilization of P between major chemical fractions

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Chisholm ◽  
GJ Blair
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameter ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Feedback Effect ◽  
Phosphorus Efficiency ◽  
Stylosanthes Hamata ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Soluble P ◽  
Final Harvest

A solution culture experiment was conducted over a range of initial solution P concentrations (1-16 8M P) to investigate differences in P utilization of a tropical and temperate pasture legume. The species used were white clover (Trifolium repens cv. 'Ladino') and Caribbean stylo (Stylosanthes hamata cv. 'Verano'). Incorporation of solution 31P and a pulse of 32P into the soluble (inorganic, ester P), lipid and residue (phytin RNA, DNA, phosphoproteins) fractions of roots and tops was monitored over five harvests. At low P concentrations the major finding was that clover reduced its incorporation of 31P and 32P into root phospholipids at the final harvest. The reduction in P concentration in phospholipids coincided with reductions in relative growth rate of the whole plant by the final harvest, which were discussed in the first paper of this series.At high P concentrations, dry weight accumulation was related to the extent to which absorbed P was incorporated from the soluble to the lipid and residue fractions. While clover had higher dry weights and a greater incorporation capacity at high P.Correlation coefficients between dry weight and biochemical parameters showed that the best correlations between dry weight and any biochemical parameter was for the relationship between dry weight and residues P or lipid plus residue P content. A relationship between P uptake rate and root soluble P concentration indicated that root soluble P may have a feedback effect on P uptake. The negative feedback effect was greatest in stylo at high solution P concentration.

scholarly journals Seed Phosphorus Effects on Rice Seedling Vigour in Soils Differing in Phosphorus Status

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1919
Author(s):  
Terry J. Rose ◽  
Carolyn A. Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Rice Seedling ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Seedling Biomass

A key driver of the current unsustainable global phosphorus (P) cycle is the removal of P from fields in harvested grains. Minimising the concentration of P in grains of staple cereal crops would contribute towards addressing the issue, but it is possible that reducing grain P concentration may impact the vigour of subsequent seedlings. We used a hydroponic method to obtain low- and high-P rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds from plants grown under near-identical conditions, so that any differences in subsequent seedling growth were likely due to differences in seed P concentrations rather than other seed quality differences that may arise from growing mother plants under different conditions. Seedling biomass production and P uptake were then investigated using high- and low-P seed of four rice genotypes in a P-rich soil and a P-deficient soil in a pot study in a glasshouse. In the P-rich soil, with a history of P fertilisation, with P fertiliser banded below seeds at sowing at 20 kg P ha−1 on a pot surface area basis, seedling biomass and P uptake were significantly affected by genotype (p < 0.05) but not by seed P concentration. In the P-deficient Ferralsol, main effects of seed P concentration, genotype and P fertiliser treatment (nil P, banded P fertiliser, broadcast and incorporated P fertiliser) on seedling biomass were all significant (p < 0.01) with, a significant genotype × P fertiliser treatment interaction. Overall, low-P seed produced less biomass than high-P seed (0.059 vs. 0.067 g plant−1) and nil P fertiliser (0.057 g plant−1) resulted in less biomass than banded P fertiliser and broadcast P fertiliser (0.064 and 0.068 g plant−1, respectively). When two genotypes were re-grown in the P-deficient Ferralsol with P fertiliser banded under the seed at 20 kg P ha−1 there was a significant effect of genotype on shoot biomass (p < 0.001) but only a trend towards lower seedling biomass with low P seed compared to high P seed (p = 0.128). Overall, the results suggest that seed P concentration does not affect seedling vigour when external soil P fertility is sufficiently high, but in P-deficient soils seedling biomass production and P uptake can be reduced by 10–20%. Further research is required to determine whether agronomic interventions including seed P priming or biological seed dressings can mitigate any impacts of lower seed P concentration on seedling vigour in P-deficient soils.

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE BY SIX POTATO CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 614d-614
Author(s):  
William B. Evans ◽  
Darryl D. Warncke
Keyword(s):  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Russet Burbank ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
General Nature ◽  
P Concentration

Six potato cultivars (Atlantic, Sebago, Onaway, Russet Burbank, Lemhi Russet,and Norland) were evaluated for phosphorus uptake efficiency in solution culture. Individual rooted cuttings of each cultivar were transferred from a standard 1/5 Hoagland's solution into solutions containing one of six P concentrations (0.05,0.1,0.22,0.5,1.1 and 2.3mg/l). After a 24h adjustment period P uptake was followed over a 6h period by collecting solution aliquots every two hours. All cultivars depleted the two lowest initial P concentrations to similar stable P concentration. The P uptake rate per unit length of root showed a sigmoidal relationship to the initial P solution concentration. The general nature of the P uptake relation to solution P concentration was similar among the cultivars, although the actual values varied. In general, P uptake rate increased from 5.0 × 10-4 at the lowest concentration to 7.0 × 10-2μg·cm-1·h-1 at the highest P solution concentration.

Wild blueberry response to phosphorus applied to Prince Edward Island soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Sanderson ◽  
L. J. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Pressure on growers to protect the environment and reduce input costs has increased the need to more effectively use fertilizers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of wild blueberries to soil-applied P on loamy sand to sandy loam Orthic Podzol soils in Prince Edward Island over three cropping cycles from 1992 to 1997. The sites had soil test (Mehlich-3) P levels from 33 to 44 µg P g-1, which are rated as L- for blueberries in the PEI Soil and Feed Testing Laboratory Standards. Treatments consisted of soil-applied P at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg ha-1 applied to the same plots in the sprout year in each of three consecutive cropping cycles. There was a positive linear relationship between application rate of P and extractable soil P and leaf tissue P concentration. Over the 6 yr of the study, soil extractable P increased on average 1.1 µg P g-1 for each kg of soil-applied P compared with the control where no soil P was applied. Increases in levels of tissue P concentration were less dramatic. Plant growth and yields were not affected by rate of soil-applied P fertilizer. This study indicates that on sites with low soil test P, application of soil-applied P did not benefit wild blueberry production. By conserving P fertilizer, growers can also reduce the potential for environmental damage caused by the buildup of soil P. Key words: Phosphorus, soil and leaf nutrient concentrations, wild blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Ait., yield

scholarly journals Calcium and Phosphorus Influence Creeping Bentgrass and Annual Bluegrass Growth in Acidic Soils

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 713-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
Acid Tolerant

Acidifying soil to prevent annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) from infesting creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Hud.) reduces soil P and Ca availability. This study examined Ca and P effects on the growth of these two grasses in four moderately acidic soils using CaSO4 as a Ca source. Each soil received four P rates (0, 10, 40, or 80 mg·kg-1) and three Ca (as CaSO4) rates (0, 400, or 800 mg·kg-1). Neither Ca nor P treatments substantially changed pH or exchangeable soil Al. Clipping yields, tissue P concentration, and P uptake of both grasses were affected by soil NaHCO3-P levels. Compared to bentgrass, annual bluegrass had higher clipping yields and P uptake at high P rates or high NaHCO3-P levels; this result indicates that annual bluegrass was as acid-tolerant as the bentgrass, provided that available P in the soil is adequate. Adding CaSO4 to the Papac soil, which contained the least amount of exchangeable Ca among the four soils, markedly enhanced the clipping tissue P concentration and P uptake of creeping bentgrass but not those of annual bluegrass; this result indicates that a differential response to Ca existed between the two grasses. Maintaining an adequate soil Ca availability was necessary to improve bentgrass growth, particularly for the acid soil containing low available Ca initially.

scholarly journals Phosphorus effects of recycled products from municipal wastewater on crops in a field experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vogel Telse ◽  
Nelles Michael ◽  
Eichler-Löbermann Bettina
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Fertilizing Effect ◽  
Sludge Ash

In this study, the phosphorus (P) fertilizing effects of struvite, one thermochemical-treated sewage sludge ash (SSA) based on Ca-P (Ca-SSA) and one full sulfuric acid-digested SSA based on Al-P (Al-SSA) were analysed in comparison to triple superphosphate (TSP) and a control treatment (CON) without P application in a two-year field experiment. In the field experiment, the effects of the recycling products on crop yield, P uptake and labile soil P fractions were analysed. In addition, the effect of nitrogen and magnesium contained in struvite was investigated in the second year of the experiment compared to TSP and CON. In the first year, spring barley was cultivated in the field experiment; and in the second year, it was forage rye followed by sorghum. In the second year, the relative P effectiveness (forage rye, sorghum) of the recycling products compared to TSP increased in the order: Ca-SSA (81%, 91%) ≤ Al-SSA (91%, 96%) = struvite (102%, 110%). In addition, an magnesium fertilizing effect of struvite could be demonstrated. The results show that the recycling products from wastewater treatment are appropriate to substitute rock phosphate-based fertilizers.

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