Rooting and Drought Resistance of Three Tall Fescue Cultivars

The relative drought resistance of turf-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars compared to forage-type cultivars has not been well-documented. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted between 1991 and 1994 to determine rooting potential and drought response of a slow-growing, turf-type tall fescue (`MlC18'), a turf-type cultivar with a moderate growth rate (`Mustang'), and a forage-type cultivar (`Kentucky-31'). In the greenhouse, rooting was determined in sand or calcined clay using clear, polyethylene root tubes 4 cm in diameter by 122 cm deep. Root length density (RLD) was measured for 0- to 30-, 30- to 60-, 60- to 90-, and 90- to 120-cm depths. No differences were observed in RLD at the 0- to 30-cm depth. At other depths, RLD of `Mustang” was generally superior to that of `K-31' and `MlC18'. During a 3-week dry-down in the field in 1994, `MlC18' exhibited greater drought stress and a higher canopy minus air temperature than other cultivars. Advantages afforded by reduced mowing of slow-growing tall fescue cultivars may be negated by reduced drought resistance.

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Herbicides for Killing Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Infected With Fescue Endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00032620 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 485-489 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Albert E. Smith

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Field Studies ◽

Acremonium Coenophialum ◽

Pasture Grass ◽

Seed Field

The importance of tall fescue as a pasture grass is diminished when infected with the fescue endophyte. The availability of fungus-free seed has necessitated the development of systems to kill the infected sod before interseeding fungus-free seed. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the response of fescue sod to foliar-applied herbicides as single and sequential applications during the fall and spring. Sequential applications of paraquat at 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg ai/ha in September and October and glyphosate at 0.84 and 1.7 kg/ha applied as single or sequential applications in September and October resulted in more than 90% kill of the tall fescue sod. Spring treatments of paraquat and glyphosate were less effective than those applied in the fall. Dalapon, fluazifop-P, HOE-39866 [glufosinate (proposed name)], sethoxydim, and simazine did not effectively kill the sod.

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AC Graze tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps93-109 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 843-844

Author(s):

A. R. McElroy

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Research Centre ◽

Mass Selection ◽

Forage Crop ◽

Plant Research ◽

Forage Type ◽

Selection For

AC Graze, tested as Syn-A, is a late-maturing forage-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivar. It was developed by mass selection for vigor, persistence, leafiness and uniform maturity at the Plant Research Centre, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. AC Graze yielded 105.3% of the test mean (seven cultivar, six station years) in Ontario Forage Crop Committee trials. Key words: Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb.

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Strategies for Converting Tall Fescue to Warm-season Turf in a Mediterranean Climate

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.23.4.442 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 442-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marco Schiavon ◽

Brent D. Barnes ◽

David A. Shaw ◽

J. Michael Henry ◽

James H. Baird

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Cynodon Dactylon ◽

Warm Season ◽

Field Studies ◽

Conservation Strategy ◽

Sea Spray ◽

Seashore Paspalum ◽

Zoysia Matrella

Replacing cool-season turf with more drought and heat tolerant warm-season turfgrass species is a viable water conservation strategy in climates where water resources and precipitation are limited. Field studies were conducted in Riverside and Irvine, CA, to investigate three methods (scalping, eradication with a nonselective herbicide, planting into existing turf) of converting an existing tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) sward to warm-season turf. Cultivars established vegetatively by plugging were ‘De Anza’ hybrid zoysiagrass [Zoysia matrella × (Z. japonica × Z. tenuifolia)], ‘Palmetto’ st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), ‘Tifsport’ hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis), ‘Sea Spray’ seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum), and ‘UC Verde’ buffalograss (Buchloe dactyloides). Cultivars established from seeds were ‘Princess-77’ bermudagrass (C. dactylon) and ‘Sea Spray’ seashore paspalum. Neither scalping nor planting into existing tall fescue were effective conversion strategies, as none of the warm-season turfgrasses reached 50% groundcover within 1 year of planting. All of the species except for st. augustinegrass reached a higher percentage of groundcover at the end of the study when glyphosate herbicide was applied to tall fescue before propagation compared with the other conversion strategies. Bermudagrass and seashore paspalum established from seeds and hybrid bermudagrass from plugs provided the best overall establishment with 97%, 93%, and 85% groundcover, respectively, when glyphosate was used before establishment. Quality of seeded cultivars matched or exceeded that of cultivars established vegetatively by plugging. These results suggest that eradication of tall fescue turf followed by establishment of warm-season turf from seeds is the best and easiest turf conversion strategy.

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Buckbrush (Symphoricarpos orbiculatus) Control in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea) Pastures

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00033959 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 841-844 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael S. Defelice

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Field Studies ◽

Herbicide Application

Field studies were established to evaluate several herbicides for buckbrush control in tall fescue pastures. Buckbrush was controlled most consistently by 2,4-D amine or low volatile ester, or package-mixes of 2,4-D plus dicamba or triclopyr. Two consecutive years of herbicide application was more effective for reducing buckbrush stem populations than one application.

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EFFECTS OF TALL FESCUE TURF ON GROWTH AND NITROGEN FIXATION POTENTIAL OF THE WOODY LEGUME LUPINUS ALBIFRONS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1104c ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1104c-1104

Author(s):

Lin Wu ◽

Armando Torres

Keyword(s):

Tall Fescue ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Zone ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Studies ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Nitrogen Fixing

The effect of tall fescue turf on growth, flowering, modulation, and nitrogen fixing potential of Lupinus albifrons Benth. was examined for greenhouse and field grown plants. No allelopathic effect was observed for lupine plants treated with tall fescue leachates. The nitrogen-fixing potential measured by nodule dry weight and acetylene reduction rates was not significantly affected by either tall fescue turf or low nitrogen fertilization. Both the greenhouse and field studies showed that the growth, sexual reproductive allocation, and number of inflorescences were significantly reduced when lupine plants were grown with tall fescue. The root length densities of tall fescue turf and lupine monoculture were measured. The tall fescue turf had 20 times higher root length density (20 cm cm-3 soil) than the lupine plants monoculture. This suggests that intense competition at the root zone may be a dominant factor which limits the growth of the lupine plants. The reproductive characters of the lupine plants was improved by phosphorus fertilization. Transplanting of older lupine plants into the turf substantially alleviated the tall fescue turf competitive effect.

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Isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with tall fescue

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.2009.71.2751 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 211-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. Monk ◽

E. Gerard ◽

S. Young ◽

K. Widdup ◽

M. O'Callaghan

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Plant Growth Promoting ◽

Growth Promoting

Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) is a useful alternative to ryegrass in New Zealand pasture but it is slow to establish. Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere can improve plant growth and health through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Keywords: rhizosphere, endorhiza, auxin, siderophore, P-solubilisation

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THE PERFORMANCE OF S170 TALL FESCUE IN CANTERBURY

Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association ◽

10.33584/jnzg.1974.36.1401 ◽

1974 ◽

pp. 214-215

Author(s):

B.R. Watkin

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

White Clover ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Trifolium Repens ◽

Festuca Arundinacea ◽

Sheep Grazing ◽

Selection Of

AN Aberystwyth selection of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), known as S170, was sown with certified New Zealand white clover (Trifolium repens) and re' clover (T. pratense) and compared under sheep grazing with other grass/clover pastures at the Grasslands Division Regional Station at Lincoln (Watkin, 1975) .

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