scholarly journals Effects of Salinity, Temperature, and pH on Germination of Echinacea angustifolia Seeds

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 869F-869
Author(s):  
Kyu-Min Lee ◽  
Qudsia Hussaini ◽  
Shanqiang Ke ◽  
Chiwon W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Ph Range

The influences of NaCl concentration, incubation temperature, and pH on the germination of Echinacea angustifolia seeds were investigated. Dehulled, surface-disinfected seeds were germinated in petri dishes containing 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, or 4.0 g–liter–1 NaCl at 12, 17, 22, or 27C for 10 days. Percent seed germination was the highest at 0 ppm NaCl and was progressively reduced as NaCI concentrations increased to 4 g–liter–1 at all temperatures. The NaCI suppression of germination was most severe when seeds were incubated at 27C. No germination occurred at 12C. When seeds were germinated over a pH range from 4 to 11, the highest percent germination occurred at pHs between 6 and 8 at 25C.

Dormancy-breaking Studies on Echinacea angustifolia

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 456f-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali O. Sari ◽  
Mario R. Morales ◽  
James E. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Dormancy Breaking ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Dry Heating

Echinacea is a medicinal plant native to North America. It was used extensively by native Americans in the treatment of their ailments. It is presently one of the most popular medicinal plants in the United States. Its popularity has created a large market demand for the roots and foliage of the plant. The gathering of echinacea from the wild is leading to the reduction of native populations and the destruction of its genetic diversity. Cultivation of medicinal echinaceas is hindered by a low seed germination. Dormancy breaking studies were done on freshly harvested seeds of Echinacea angustifolia. Seed lots were placed under light at a constant temperature of 25 °C and at alternate temperatures of 25/15 °C for 14/10 h, respectively. Germination was more rapid and uniform and percent germination higher at 25 °C than at 25/15 °C. Seed tap-water soaking, dry heating, and sharp heating alteration did not increase germination. The application of 1.0 mM ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphoric acid) increased seed germination to 94% at 25 °C and 86% at 25/15 °C. Untreated seeds gave 65% germination at 25 °C and 11% at 25/15 °C. The application of 2500 mg·L–1 and 3500 mg·L–1 of GA to dry seeds and 2500 mg·L–1 to seeds that have been soaked under tap water and then dried increased germination to 82%, 83%, and 83% at 25 °C and 64%, 78%, and 64% at 25/15 °C, respectively.

Factors affecting seed germination, seedling emergence, and survival of texasweed (Caperonia palustris)

Weed Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 989-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford H. Koger ◽  
Krishna N. Reddy ◽  
Daniel H. Poston
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Edaphic Conditions ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Constant Dark

Field, laboratory, and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the seed production potential and effect of environmental factors on germination, emergence, and survival of texasweed. Texasweed produced an average of 893 seed per plant, and 90% were viable. Seed exhibited dormancy, and prechilling did not release dormancy. Percent germination ranged from 56% for seed subjected to no prechilling to 1% for seed prechilled at 5 C for 140 d. Seed remained viable during extended prechilling conditions, with 80% of seed viable after 140 d of prechilling. Texasweed seed germinated over a range of 20 to 40 C, with optimum germination (54%) occurring with a fluctuating 40/30 C temperature regime. Seed germinated with fluctuating 12-h light/dark and constant dark conditions. Texasweed seed germinated over a broad range of pH, osmotic potential, and salt concentrations. Seed germination was 31 to 62% over a pH range from 4 to 10. Germination of texasweed ranged from 9 to 56% as osmotic potential decreased from − 0.8 MPa to 0 (distilled water). Germination was greater than 52% at less than 40 mM NaCl concentrations and lowest (27%) at 160 mM NaCl. Texasweed seedlings emerged from soil depths as deep as 7.5 cm (7% emergence), but emergence was > 67% for seed placed on the soil surface or at a 1-cm depth. Texasweed seed did not germinate under saturated or flooded conditions, but seed survived flooding and germinated (23 to 25%) after flood removal. Texasweed seedlings 2.5 to 15 cm tall were not affected by emersion in 10-cm-deep flood for up to 14 d. These results suggest that texasweed seed is capable of germinating and surviving in a variety of climatic and edaphic conditions, and that flooding is not a viable management option for emerged plants of texasweed.

scholarly journals 620 Enhancing Germination of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) Using Stratification, Salt Priming, and Biostimulants

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 504B-504
Author(s):  
Gladis M. Zinati ◽  
Herbert H. Bryan ◽  
Yuncong Li
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Early Germination ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Salt Priming

Using herbs for medicinal purposes, ornamentals, and landscape plantings has increased significantly. Propagating from seeds is considered the most-efficient method of producing medicinal plants for commercial production. Among the herb seeds the purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) was found difficult to germinate. Laboratory studies were conducted to: 1) determine optimum temperature from a temperature range 15 to 30 °C for seed germination; 2) determine effects of 5 10, 20, and 30 days of stratification at 5 and 10 °C in darkness on germination; and 3) determine effects of priming in the dark for 1, 3, 6, and 9 days with 0.1 M KNO3 and biostimulants at optimum temperature to enhance early emergence and final germination. Germination was enhanced from 45% in untreated seeds to 81% in seeds treated with either 50 ppm GA4/7 or 100 ppm ethephon at 24 °C. Final germination was 81% under daylight conditions when seeds were stratified in dark at 10 °C for 30 days over nonstratified seeds (13%). Priming seeds in 0.1 M KNO3 for 3 days significantly enhanced early germination to 70% with 100 and 150 ppm ethephon and final percent germination of 88% with either 100 ppm ethephon or 150 ppm GA4/7, while untreated control seeds resulted in 31% for same period of priming.

Effects of wetting and drying on seed germination and seedling emergence of bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 1545-1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Downs ◽  
Paul B Cavers
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Cirsium Vulgare ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Bull Thistle

Seeds of bull thistle, Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten., were exposed to varying numbers of cycles of wetting and drying, in both Petri dishes and pots of soil, to investigate the effects of exposure to such cycles on subsequent germination of the seeds or emergence of the seedlings. Following exposure to the cycles, seeds in Petri dishes were set to germinate in one of four diurnal environments: 20:10°C alternating light and darkness, 20:10°C constant darkness, 30:15°C alternating light and darkness, or 30:15°C constant darkness. Total percent germination was reduced after exposure to eight cycles of wetting and drying, and germination rate was reduced after exposure to two or more cycles. Percent germination was reduced at the higher temperature but light availability had little effect. Reduction in seedling emergence in pots of soil after exposure to an intermediate number of cycles was greater than in Petri dishes but not as great with exposure to eight cycles. Seedling emergence patterns in pots that experienced any wetting-drying treatment were bimodal, with a second pulse of emergence several weeks after the termination of the cycles. This suggests that some seeds were induced into a dormant state through exposure to the cycles of wetting and drying. Such induced dormancy may serve to prevent seed germination in the autumn, promoting an attenuated and intermittent pattern of germination.Key words: Cirsium vulgare, bull thistle, wetting and drying, seed germination, induced dormancy, intermittent germination.

scholarly journals SEASON OF SEED DEVELOPMENT AFFECTS GERMINATION OF LETTUCE SEED WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148G-1149
Author(s):  
Margaret Mnichowicz ◽  
Janice Coons ◽  
John McGrady
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Measured Field ◽  
Petri Dishes

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination is inhibited at temperature higher than 25-30C. The extent of this inhibition varies between seed lots. Our objective was to determine how the season during which seed develops affects the ability of seeds to germinate and establish a stand at high temperatures. Lettuce seed, `Empire', was produced during 2 summers and 2 winters (1988 and 1989) in Yuma, AZ. These seeds were germinated at 20, 25, 30 or 35C in petri dishes or in growth pouches to determine percent germination or root lengths, respectively. Electrical conductivity of seed leachates was measured. Field emergence of seeds was tested with early fall plantings in Yuma, AZ. Percent seed germination was greater and root lengths were longer for the seeds produced in summer than in winter. Conductivity will be correlated with relative tolerance to high temperatures of the different seed lots. In the field, percent emergence of seed lots from summer and winter averaged 60% and 38%, respectively.

scholarly journals SEASON OF SEED DEVELOPMENT AFFECTS GERMINATION OF LETTUCE SEED WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1148g-1149
Author(s):  
Margaret Mnichowicz ◽  
Janice Coons ◽  
John McGrady
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Measured Field ◽  
Petri Dishes

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination is inhibited at temperature higher than 25-30C. The extent of this inhibition varies between seed lots. Our objective was to determine how the season during which seed develops affects the ability of seeds to germinate and establish a stand at high temperatures. Lettuce seed, `Empire', was produced during 2 summers and 2 winters (1988 and 1989) in Yuma, AZ. These seeds were germinated at 20, 25, 30 or 35C in petri dishes or in growth pouches to determine percent germination or root lengths, respectively. Electrical conductivity of seed leachates was measured. Field emergence of seeds was tested with early fall plantings in Yuma, AZ. Percent seed germination was greater and root lengths were longer for the seeds produced in summer than in winter. Conductivity will be correlated with relative tolerance to high temperatures of the different seed lots. In the field, percent emergence of seed lots from summer and winter averaged 60% and 38%, respectively.

scholarly journals 301 Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Light Affect Germination of Echinacea angustifolia Seeds

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 443D-443
Author(s):  
Keun Ho Cho ◽  
Chiwon W. Lee ◽  
Kyu-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Echinacea Angustifolia ◽  
Purple Coneflower ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Related Compounds

The narrow-leaved purple coneflower (Echinacea angustifolia) produces echinacin and related compounds in the root, which are known to have immune and curative properties against viral, fungal, and bacterial infections. In recent years, cultivation of this species has increased in response to growing market demand for natural medicinal remedies. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of gibberellic acid and light on the germination of E. angustifolia seeds. Seeds soaked for 24 h in 0, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500 or 1000 mg/L GA3 solution were germinated on Whatman #1 filter paper inside petri dishes at 22 °C with or without light (80 μmol·m-2·s-1) for 21 days. The seeds germinated poorly in dark with the final percent germination range from 10% (GA3 1000 mg/L) to 36% (GA3 250 mg/L). Under light, seed germination showed a quadratic response (r = 0.84) to GA3 concentration. Percent germination exceeded 90% at 10, 50, and 100 mg/L GA3 with the mean time (T50) to germinate varying at 10.5, 11.7, and 13.3 days, respectively, under light. Seed germination under light was <10% when treated with 500 and 1000 mg/L GA3. In general, seed germination was best when treated with 10 or 50 mg/L GA3 under light. Results of this research may well be used in enhancing seed germination during field establishment of E. angustifolia.

Effects of pre-chilling, incubation temperature and light on seed germination of Saponaria officinalis

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
YA Jeon ◽  
HS Lee ◽  
ES Park ◽  
YY Lee ◽  
JS Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Saponaria Officinalis

scholarly journals Terrestrial Morphotypes of Aquatic Plants Display Improved Seed Germination to Deal with Dry or Low-Rainfall Periods

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Rocío Fernández-Zamudio ◽  
Pablo García-Murillo ◽  
Carmen Díaz-Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Population Persistence ◽  
Temporary Ponds ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
Plant Assemblages ◽  
Viable Seeds

In temporary ponds, seed germination largely determines how well aquatic plant assemblages recover after dry periods. Some aquatic plants have terrestrial morphotypes that can produce seeds even in dry years. Here, we performed an experiment to compare germination patterns for seeds produced by aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes of Ranunculus peltatus subsp. saniculifolius over the course of five inundation events. During the first inundation event, percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (36.1%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (6.1%). Seed germination peaked for both groups during the second inundation event (terrestrial morphotype: 47%; aquatic morphotype: 34%). Even after all five events, some viable seeds had not yet germinated (terrestrial morphotype: 0.6%; aquatic morphotype: 5%). We also compared germination patterns for the two morphotypes in Callitriche brutia: the percent germination was higher for terrestrial morphotype seeds (79.5%) than for aquatic morphotype seeds (41.9%). Both aquatic plant species use two complementary strategies to ensure population persistence despite the unpredictable conditions of temporary ponds. First, plants can produce seeds with different dormancy periods that germinate during different inundation periods. Second, plants can produce terrestrial morphotypes, which generate more seeds during dry periods, allowing for re-establishment when conditions are once again favorable.

Influence of Heat on Seed Germination of Cistus Laurifolius and Cistus Ladanifer

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Valbuena ◽  
R Tarrega ◽  
E Luis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Cistus Ladanifer ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The influence of high temperatures on germination of Cistus laurifolius and Cistus ladanifer seeds was analyzed. Seeds were subjected to different temperatures for different times, afterwards they were sowed in plastic petri dishes and monitored for germinated seeds over two months.The germination rate observed in Cistus ldanifer was greater than in Cistus laurifolius. In both species, heat increased germination percentages. For Cistus laurifolius higher temperatures or longer exposure times were needed. Germination percentages of Cistus ladanifer were lower when heat exposure time was 15 minutes.It must be emphasized that germination occurred when seeds were not treated, while seeds exposed to 150�C for 5 minutes or more did not germinate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document