Diallel Analysis of In Vitro Culture Traits in the Genus Lycopersicon

Estimates of genetic variability for in vitro culture traits among the genus Lycopersicon and evaluation of the gene effects involved in callus production and shoot formation were achieved. Five parents including wild and cultivated tomato genotypes and their nonreciprocal 10 possible hybrid combinations were assayed. The callus percentage (C = number of cultures that only produced callus× 100/total number of cultures), the regeneration percentage (R = number of cultures that differentiated into shoots or primordia × 100/total number of cultures) and the productivity rate (PR = total number of shoots/total number of cultures) of each genotype were calculated 45 days after culture initiation. Diallel analysis revealed genetic variability for in vitro culture response. Wild genotypes contributed to a reduction in callus production and an increase in shoot formation while the cultivated genotypes either had an opposite effect or did not modify the expression of culture traits. Hybrids had the lowest callus production and highest shoot formation percentage. Additive gene effects were mainly involved in the expression of C and R, while both additive and nonadditive gene effects were involved in expression of PR.

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Diallel Analysis for Area, Chlorophyll and Temperature of Flag Leaf in Bread Wheat under Well Watered and Drought Stress Conditions

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v13n10p45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

Naheif E. Mohamed ◽

Ismail M. Bedawy ◽

Yasser A. M. Hefny

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Block Design ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Genetic Components ◽

Additive Gene

To study genetic analysis of some physiological traits of drought stress in wheat using diallel techniques, an experiment was performed on ten bread wheat genotypes as parents and their 45 F1 hybrids in a randomized complete block design with three replicates under well-watered and drought stress conditions at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Egypt during season of 2018/19. The results showed significant differences between the genotypes (G), Parents (P), F1 crosses, P vs. F1, GCA and SCA under well-watered and drought stress in the flag leaf area (FLA), flag leaf chlorophyll content (FLCC) and flag leaf temperature (FLT), except FLCC for F1 crosses exhibited insignificant differences. The significant differences were found in the interaction of SCA × Env., in all studied traits and GCA × Env., for FLT., indicating the involvement of both additive and dominance gene action in their inheritance. The most desirable heterotic effects were considered as the largest positive heterosis estimates for FLA and FLCC, and the lowest negative for FLT. The parent numbers P9, P8 and P3 were the best general combiner for FLA under normal irrigation and drought stress. While the parents P2, P7 and P9 were the best general combiner for FLCC, under normal irrigation and (P1, P2 and P3) under drought stress. Therefor the parents P1, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under normal irrigation, also the P3, P4 and P5 were the best general combiner for FLT under drought stress conditions. Under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions as well as the combined data, the additive genetic components of variation (VA) in F1 ’s was much greater than dominance component (VD), as expressed by the (VA/VD) ratio which was more than unity for the FLA, and FLT under normal irrigation and their combined. This indicates that the additive gene effects in F1 crosses are more important than dominance and plays the major role in the inheritance of these studied traits.

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Diallel Analysis of Chilli Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Genotypes for Morphological and Fruit Biochemical Traits

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9010001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Aiswarya C. S. ◽

Vijeth S ◽

Sreelathakumary I ◽

Prashant Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Yield Components ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

Biochemical Traits ◽

Chilli Pepper ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Commercial Cultivation ◽

Additive Gene

Chilli pepper is commercially cultivated as a spice and is also used for the extraction of a colouring agent. Here, we performed a diallel genetic study involving five chilli pepper varieties. Parents and their hybrid were evaluated for fifteen morphological and five biochemical traits over two crop seasons under open field conditions. Variation was recorded for all of the studied traits. Similarly, significant values for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variance were obtained for all of the traits. The ratio of σ2 SCA/σ2 GCA indicates that non-additive gene effects were predominant for all the studied traits except for fruits plant−1. Based on SCA effects, cross combinations P2 × P5, and P4 × P5 were determined excellent for flesh thickness, yield components and vitamin C. These hybrids are recommended for multilocation testing to assess their suitability for commercial cultivation. Overall, this work presents useful information regarding the genetics of important morphological and biochemical traits in chilli pepper.

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Embryo Rescue in Wide Crosses in Arachis. 3. In vitro Culture of Peg Tips of A. hypogaea Selfs and Interspecific Hybrids1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-14-2-5 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 70-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. P. Moss ◽

H. T. Stalker

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

In Vitro Culture ◽

Successful Treatment ◽

Interspecific Hybrids ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Wide Crosses ◽

Reproductive Tissues ◽

Globular Stage ◽

Callus Production

Abstract Embryo rescue in wide crosses in Arachis has only been achieved from culturing ovules excised from well developed pods, or from immature pods derived from flowers treated with gibberellic acid (GA) and which had embryos large enough to dissect without injury. The objective of this study was to determine whether reproductive tissues could grow in vitro without the need to dissect them from the peg tip and to determine the effects of GA application on flowers at the time of pollination, age of peg when cultured, and the presence of the peg meristem on reproductive growth, callus production, and peg elongation in vitro. Pegs elongated in culture only when the peg meristem was not removed. Ovules enlarged and grew out of the surrounding peg tissue in 3.8 to 32.8% of the cultures. Significantly more ovules grew when the peg meristem was removed (p < 0.01) and when 10- and 20- day-old pegs were cultured (p < 0.05). Overall, the most successful treatment for growth of ovules was treating flowers with GA at pollination and culturing without the peg meristem 10 days after pollination when 25.0 and 32.8% of all hybrid and selfed ovules, respectively, grew. Embryo growth was observed in an average of 8.4 and 17.6% of embryo sacs in hybrid and self peg tips, respectively, with several embryos reaching the globular stage after 21 days in vitro. This illustrates the potential for culturing young reproductive tissues of Arachis to recover interspecific hybrids.

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883 PB 279 REGENERATING ADVENTITIOUS PLANTS FROM IN VITRO CULTURE OF LIATRIS SPICATA (L.) WILLD. COTYLEDONS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.560d ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 560d-560

Author(s):

Dennis P. Stimart ◽

John C. Mather

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Culture ◽

Adventitious Shoots ◽

Adventitious Shoot ◽

Shoot Formation ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Ex Vitro ◽

Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽

Murashige Skoog ◽

Micropropagated Plants

Cotyledons from developing embryos 6 to 8 weeks old of Liatris spicata (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, and 44.4 μ M benzyladenine (BA) or 0, 0.2, 2.2, and 22.2 μ M thidiazuron (TDZ) to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percent of cotyledons forming shoots with highest shoot counts was on medium containing 2.2 μ M TDZ. Vitreous shoots formed on medium with 22.2 μ M TDZ. Callus derived from cotyledons and cultured on medium containing 4.44 μ M BA or 2.2 μ M TDZ formed adventitious shoots with highest shoot counts on 4.44 μ M BA. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons and callus were rooted on MS medium with 5.0 μ Mindole-3-butyric acid, acclimatized and grown ex vitro. All micropropagated plants appeared similar to each other.

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Regenerating Adventitious Shoots from in Vitro Culture of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. Cotyledons

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.1.154 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 154-155

Author(s):

Dennis P. Stimart ◽

John C. Mather

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Culture ◽

Adventitious Shoots ◽

Adventitious Shoot ◽

Shoot Formation ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽

Regenerated Plants ◽

Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽

Homogeneous Chemical

Cotyledons from developing 6- to 8-week-old embryos of Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. (blazing star) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0, 0.4, 4.4, or 44.4 μm BA or 0, 0.2, 2.2, or 22.2 μm TDZ to induce adventitious shoot formation. The highest percentage of cotyledons forming the most shoots was on medium containing 2.2 μm TDZ. Cotyledon-derived callus cultured on medium containing 4.4 μm BA formed ≈16 times more adventitious shoots than on 2.2 μm TDZ. Adventitious shoots derived from cotyledons or callus produced roots when placed on MS medium containing 5.0 μm IBA. Regenerated plants that flowered in the field appeared homogeneous. Chemical names used: N6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

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DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF ROUGH BLOSSOM-END SCARRING IN TOMATO

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1172e ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1172e-1172

Author(s):

J. H. M. Barten ◽

J. W. Scott ◽

J. Elkind ◽

N. Kedar

Keyword(s):

Gene Action ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Genetic System ◽

Narrow Sense Heritability ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Half Diallel

A half diallel including 11 parents was conducted under high temp. conditions in Florida and low temp. conditions in Israel. Blossom scar (BS) size was measured relative to the fruit size for 20 mature fruits per plot. Griffing's analysis showed that both GCA and SCA effects were highly significant at both locations (p< 0.0001). Analysis according to Hayman indicated no epistatic effects. In both environments, additive and dominant gene action was significant (p < 0.0005), although the additive gene effects were most important. Averaged over all loci, the incomplete dominance was in the direction of small BS. Narrow sense heritability estimates were 0.62 and 0.57 for Florida and Israel, respectively. Combined analysis showed that the genetic system was unstable over the 2 environments, as both additive and dominant gene effects interacted significantly with environment (p < 0.0001). The implication for breeding programs is that hybrid performance should be tested at several locations to insure stability of small BS.

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GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN NUTRIENTS CONTENT IN COASTAL RICE COLLECTIONS OF BANGLADESH

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i11.2021.4400 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 182-201

Author(s):

F Shahrin ◽

P Roy ◽

M S Raihan ◽

M M Haque ◽

M G Rasul

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Clustering Methods ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Mean Values ◽

Nutrient Contents ◽

Additive Gene ◽

High Heritability ◽

Rice Genotypes

Overcoming malnutrition through biofortification breeding in rice is aimed to assist nutritional food security in Bangladesh. So to select parents for nutritional improvement, estimation and exploitation of mineral nutrients reserves of rice grain and their variability assessment in different genotypes is essential. Eighty-five (85) T. aman rice genotypes collected from different coastal regions of Bangladesh were evaluated at the Advanced Plant Breeding laboratory, GPB of BSMRAU to estimate the grain nutrients content and to elucidate their genetic variability among the genotypes. Considerable significant variation (0.1% level of probability) was noted among the genotypes for studied different grain nutrient contents and yield per hill. The mean values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and grain yield/ hill were 10788.24 mg/kg, 804.85 mg/kg, 3798.58 mg/kg, 13795.29 mg/kg, 2778.87 mg/kg, 3771.17 mg/kg, 7.25 mg/kg, 5.01 mg/kg, 1.05 mg/kg, 1.90 mg/kg and 433.29 g, respectively. Box and whisker plots analysis were done to represent data graphically for better understanding. Histogram was used to present the frequency distribution of genotypes for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg and Grain yield/hill content in 85 diverged rice genotypes All the traits had equality in genotypic and phenotypic variances with high heritability and high genetic advance which indicated preponderance of additive gene effects for these traits. The genotype R080 (Chinigura) contained the highest content of grain P, Fe and Cu. The R030 (Mota Dhan), R040 (Dudh Kalam) and R019 (Chikon Dhan) were noted for the highest Ca, Mg and Na content, respectively. The maximum N and Zn content were observed in R029 (Dudh Kolom) and R075 (Gopal Bogh), respectively. R083 (Lal Dhan) was marked for the highest grain yield/ hill and K content. Genetic variability parameters, heat map analysis and neighbor joining clustering methods indicated these genotypes including R079 can be considered for biofortification program and used as parents for the improvement of those grain nutrients in rice breeding.

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152 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CUCUMBER QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN THE PARENTS AND THEIR F1 DIALLEL ANALYSIS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.450e ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 450e-450

Author(s):

Seif H. Gad El-Hak ◽

Saved. H. Mahmoud ◽

Mohamed A.. Abobakr ◽

Ragab M. Alv

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Diallel Crosses ◽

Additive Gene Effects ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Cucumber Yield

Five lines of cucumber and their 10 F1 diallel crosses were statistically and graphically analyzed to evaluate their performance for eight quantitative traits. Additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the inheritance of all traits. The variances due ro GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all traits, but the GCA effect was much greater than SCA except In the case of plant height. The cucumber “TMG-1” and “Yomaki” genotypes were superior for GCA as well as SCA for early and total yields per plant, respectively. Therefore, they can be involved in hybrid programs improvement for cucumber yield under similar conditions.

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Genetic variability, correlation, path analysis and construction of selection index in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. I. Genetic variability

University Journal of Zoology Rajshahi University ◽

10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10744 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 33-36

Author(s):

Md Ariful Hasan ◽

Sawdagar Mahfuzar Rahman ◽

Md Kamrul Ahsan

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Selection Index ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Filament Length ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Shell Weight ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Additive Gene ◽

High Heritability ◽

Mulberry Silkworm

The genotypic variability and heritability for nine quantitative characters in 65 varieties of silkworm, B. mori L. have been investigated. Variation among genotypes were highly significant (p<0.001) for all the characters indicating the existence of a real difference among the genotypes which are suitable for breeding purposes. The highest heritability was obtained for shell weight followed by filament size (FS), filament length (FL), expected cocoon yield out of 100 dfls (ECY), surviving percentage of larvae (SPL), cocoon weight (CW), egg hatching percentage (EHP) and mature larval weight (MLW). Comparatively high heritability accompanied by a genetic advance was recorded for FL and total number of eggs laid per female (TEL) indicating the importance of additive gene effects of these characters, but shell weight, cocoon weight and filament size showed high heritability and low genetic advance indicating the involvement of non-additive gene systems in the inheritance of these characters. So selection on the basis of these characters, with relatively more emphasis upon filament length and total number of eggs laid per female to obtain high yielding varieties of B. mori is suggested. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10744 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp.33-36

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DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF CHARACTERISTICS IN INDIAN MUSTARD

Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology ◽

10.1139/g71-097 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 683-689

Author(s):

Shree Pal Singh ◽

Dharampal Singh

Keyword(s):

Indian Mustard ◽

Leaf Size ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Diallel Cross ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Leaf Width ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Partial Dominance ◽

Complete Diallel Cross ◽

Additive Gene

A complete diallel cross involving four experimental strains and six standard cultivars of Indian mustard. Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss., was investigated for the inheritance of leaf length and leaf width. Considerable heterosis and heterobeltiosis were found in certain hybrid combinations for both characters. Several crosses exceeded the performance of the best cultivar. Partial dominance for leaf length and overdominance for leaf width were observed. Highly significant additive gene effects were found for both characters bur only about one third of the total variance exhibited by leaf length and about one sixth of that by leaf width may be ascribed to this component. The correlation between the two characters was positive. It was concluded that breeding programs should put more emphasis on leaf length rather than leaf width for effective manipulations of leaf size.

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