scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN NUTRIENTS CONTENT IN COASTAL RICE COLLECTIONS OF BANGLADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 182-201
Author(s):  
F Shahrin ◽  
P Roy ◽  
M S Raihan ◽  
M M Haque ◽  
M G Rasul
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Overcoming malnutrition through biofortification breeding in rice is aimed to assist nutritional food security in Bangladesh. So to select parents for nutritional improvement, estimation and exploitation of mineral nutrients reserves of rice grain and their variability assessment in different genotypes is essential. Eighty-five (85) T. aman rice genotypes collected from different coastal regions of Bangladesh were evaluated at the Advanced Plant Breeding laboratory, GPB of BSMRAU to estimate the grain nutrients content and to elucidate their genetic variability among the genotypes. Considerable significant variation (0.1% level of probability) was noted among the genotypes for studied different grain nutrient contents and yield per hill. The mean values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn and grain yield/ hill were 10788.24 mg/kg, 804.85 mg/kg, 3798.58 mg/kg, 13795.29 mg/kg, 2778.87 mg/kg, 3771.17 mg/kg, 7.25 mg/kg, 5.01 mg/kg, 1.05 mg/kg, 1.90 mg/kg and 433.29 g, respectively. Box and whisker plots analysis were done to represent data graphically for better understanding. Histogram was used to present the frequency distribution of genotypes for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg and Grain yield/hill content in 85 diverged rice genotypes All the traits had equality in genotypic and phenotypic variances with high heritability and high genetic advance which indicated preponderance of additive gene effects for these traits. The genotype R080 (Chinigura) contained the highest content of grain P, Fe and Cu. The R030 (Mota Dhan), R040 (Dudh Kalam) and R019 (Chikon Dhan) were noted for the highest Ca, Mg and Na content, respectively. The maximum N and Zn content were observed in R029 (Dudh Kolom) and R075 (Gopal Bogh), respectively. R083 (Lal Dhan) was marked for the highest grain yield/ hill and K content. Genetic variability parameters, heat map analysis and neighbor joining clustering methods indicated these genotypes including R079 can be considered for biofortification program and used as parents for the improvement of those grain nutrients in rice breeding.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY, CHARACTER ASSOCIATION AND PATH COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF EXOTIC RICE GENOTYPES (Oryza sativa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
A. A. Mamun ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. A. K. Mian ◽  
M. M. Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection For

Fifty exotic rice genotypes along with two check varieties were studied to measure the variability among the genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters, estimate genetic parameters, association among the characters and their contribution to yield. High genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to first flowering and spikelet sterility whereas low genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for grain length and filled grains per panicle. High heritability with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for days to 50% flowering and pollen sterility indicated that this trait was under additive gene control and selection for genetic improvement for this trait would be effective. On the other hand, high heritability with low genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in days to harvesting and grain length which indicated that non-additive gene effects were involved for the expression of this character and selection for such trait might not be rewarding. Correlation studies revealed that highest significant positive association of grain yield was with days to first flowering, days to harvesting, filled grains per panicle followed by grain length at genotypic and phenotypic level. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that maximum direct contribution towards grain yield with days to harvesting followed by filled grains per panicle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i1.17009

scholarly journals Studies on genetic variability for some metric traits in slender grain rice genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
Biswaranjan Behera ◽  
Simanchal Sahu ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Kar ◽  
Ritu Kumari Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
100 Seed Weight

An experiment was conducted to study genetic variability in forty-nine elite slender grain rice genotypes for thirteen component characters including grain yield.The experimental materials possessed a considerable amount of variability for all the traits. Majority of the traits showed the smaller difference between phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Both PCV and GCV were high for grain yield (gm) (PCV:27.14%, GCV:26.27%), and fertile grains per panicles(PCV:20.61%, GCV:20.52%), indicating less effect of environment on these characters. PCV and GCV were moderate for characters like harvest index (PCV:16.99%, GCV: 14.18%), 100 seed weight (gm) (PCV:14.57%, GCV:13.82%), fertility percentage (PCV:15.72%, GCV:15.05%), flag leaf area (cm2 ) (PCV:17.83%, GCV: 17.74%) and days to 50 % flowering (PCV:11.20%, GCV:11.17%) indicating that there is considerable amount of environmental effect on such characters. Moderate to a high degree of heritability estimates were observed for the majority of the traits under study except for a number of effective tillers/plant indicating the low or negligible influence of environment in the expression of these traits and may respond to selection for their improvement. High heritability (H2 )estimates were associated with moderate to high genetic gain over mean (GAM) for days to 50% flowering (H2 : 99.35%,GAM: 19.52%), plant height (H2 :93.89%,GAM:14.01%), panicle length (H2 :94.06%,GAM:14.04%), flag leaf area(H2 : 98.93%,GAM: 31.05%), fertile grains/panicle (H2 :99.20%,GAM: 35.98%), fertility percentage (H2 :91.57%,GAM:25.34%),100 seed weight (H2 :89.90%,GAM:23.06%)and grain yield per plant (H2 :93.71%,GAM:44.76%) indicating the presence of additive gene effect and hence selection based on phenotypic performance for these traits would be effective.

scholarly journals Genetic variability, correlation, path analysis and construction of selection index in mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. I. Genetic variability

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Md Ariful Hasan ◽  
Sawdagar Mahfuzar Rahman ◽  
Md Kamrul Ahsan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Filament Length ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Mulberry Silkworm

The genotypic variability and heritability for nine quantitative characters in 65 varieties of silkworm, B. mori L. have been investigated. Variation among genotypes were highly significant (p<0.001) for all the characters indicating the existence of a real difference among the genotypes which are suitable for breeding purposes. The highest heritability was obtained for shell weight followed by filament size (FS), filament length (FL), expected cocoon yield out of 100 dfls (ECY), surviving percentage of larvae (SPL), cocoon weight (CW), egg hatching percentage (EHP) and mature larval weight (MLW). Comparatively high heritability accompanied by a genetic advance was recorded for FL and total number of eggs laid per female (TEL) indicating the importance of additive gene effects of these characters, but shell weight, cocoon weight and filament size showed high heritability and low genetic advance indicating the involvement of non-additive gene systems in the inheritance of these characters. So selection on the basis of these characters, with relatively more emphasis upon filament length and total number of eggs laid per female to obtain high yielding varieties of B. mori is suggested. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0.10744 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp.33-36

Association studies between quantitative and qualitative traits in rabi sorghum

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Chittapur ◽  
B. D. Biradar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Superior Genotype ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Panicle Weight

One hundred <italic>rabi</italic> sorghum germplasm lines of diverse origin were used to estimate genetic variability parameters such as heritability, genetic advance and correlation for 15 quantitative traits. The study was conducted under rainfed conditions during <italic>rabi</italic> season. High phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for grain yield, panicle weight, panicle length, number of primaries and dead heart percentage. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were observed for the characters days to flowering, dead heart percentage, panicle weight panicle length, number of primaries per panicle, test weight and grain yield per plant indicating that additive gene effects were operating for these traits and selection for superior genotype was possible to bring genetic improvement in desired direction. Grain yield had positive and highly significant association with plant height, panicle weight, number of primaries, panicle weight and test weight, whereas negative and highly significant correlation with seed fat content and protein content.

scholarly journals Genetic variability analysis for various yield attributing traits in rice genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
MM Rashid ◽  
M Nuruzzaman ◽  
L Hassan ◽  
SN Begum
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Selection For

An experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design to estimate genetic variability of ten rice genotypes. Analysis of variance for yield and yield contributing traits showed significant (p<0.01) variation among the genotypes. Results of genetic analyses showed a higher phenotypic coefficient of variation compared to their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits measured, which indicates that the traits were influenced by environment. The magnitude of difference between phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) was less for the traits indicating little influence of environment. The higher estimates of PCV and GCV were observed for number of filled grains panicle–1 (27.53; 26.84), number of unfilled grains panicle–1 (26.76;25.28) and plant height (23.14; 23.00) indicates possibility of genetic improvement through direct selection for these traits, while days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, number of effective tillers plant–1, fertility (%), 1000 Seed weight and yield panicle–1 showed low PCV and GCV values indicating the need for creation of variability by hybridization or mutation followed by selection. High heritability values (>60%) along with high genetic advance and genetic advance as percentage of mean were found for all the traits indicating prevalence of additive gene action, which provides good scope for further improvement by selection.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 15-19, January 2017

Assessment of genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for morphological and quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthika Gunasekaran ◽  
Rajeswari Sivakami ◽  
Robin Sabariappan ◽  
Govintharaj Ponnaiah ◽  
Vishnu Varthini Nachimuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Nine rice genotypes were evaluated for this present study. Genetic variability parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis were estimated for eleven agronomic and quality traits. Among all the genotypes, ASD 16 recorded highest significant grain yield per plant. In this present study, the PCV was higher than GCV for all the characters studied. The grain yield per plant recorded highest GCV, high heritability coupled with high genetic advance which indicates that the trait were governed by epistasis and dominant gene action. Number of productive tillers per plant and thousand grain weight showed positive significant correlation and direct effects on grain yield per plant. The purpose of this study is to estimate the amount of variability present in this material, which in turn helps to select these material for further breeding programme to develop high yield hybrids combine with blast and leaf folder resistance.

Estimates of variation and heritability of some quantitative and quality characters in Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
S. Sharma ◽  
Y. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability

The results obtained for the parental, F 1 and F 2 generations of a 10 × 10 diallel set (excluding reciprocals) of durum wheat revealed that there were significant differences between all the hundred genotypes for all the characters. The genotypes represented a wide range of expression for almost all the characters. High estimates of GCV (genetic coefficient of variation) were observed for the number of effective tillers, grain yield per plant, harvest index and 1000-grain weight. The low values of GCV recorded for days to heading, grain protein content and plant height indicated their limited scope for improvement. High heritability (h 2 ) values ranging from 92.27% (grain yield/plant) to 99.00% (protein content) were observed for all the characters. The highest expected GA (genetic advance) as a percentage of the mean was manifested for harvest index, followed by plant height, number of effective tillers per plant and grain yield per plant. These traits also possessed high estimates of heritability, indicating that most of the variation in these characters was due to additive gene effects. For protein content high heritability was observed with low genetic gain, indicating non-additive gene effects. Thus, a systematic approach based on selection for harvest index, plant height and number of effective tillers per plant on the basis of high per se performance would be the most effective approach for improving the yield level of durum wheat. The wealth of variability available in the hybrid populations offers good prospects for its improvement in the near future.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Heritability And Correlation Analysis In Quantitative Traits Of Irrigated Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-735
Author(s):  
Shiva Acharya ◽  
Abhisek Shrestha ◽  
Narayan Acharya ◽  
Ankur Poudel ◽  
Suvarna Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes

A study was carried out to assess the genetic variability among the genotypes, correlation among traits and heritability of the traits to next generation. Eight rice genotypes were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications during Kharif (June-October) 2017 in experimental field of Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazaar, Lamjung, Western Nepal. The analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences for all the traits under studied, which showed the presence of genetic variability among the genotypes except ineffective tiller per m2. The higher value of GCV and PCV was recorded for grain per panicle, filled grain per panicle, harvest index and grain yield. The PCV value was observed higher than the GCV value which indicated the influence of environment on the expression of the traits. High heritability along with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for grain per panicle, panicle length, harvest index and grain yield. However, high heritability along with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for days to 50% flowering, 1000 grain weight and plant height. The effective tiller per m2, harvest index,grain per panicle and filled grain per panicle exhibited significant and positive correlation with grain yield. Plant height and ineffective tiller perm2 exhibited negative correlation with grain yield. Grain per panicle, harvest index and grain yield could be suitable traits for selection of the rice genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic variance of sunflower yield components - Heliantus annuus L.

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Hladni ◽  
Dragan Skoric ◽  
Marija Kraljevic-Balalic
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The main goals of sunflower breeding in Yugoslavia and abroad are increased seed yield and oil content per unit area and increased resistance to diseases, insects and stress conditions via an optimization of plant architecture. In order to determine the mode of inheritance, gene effects and correlations of total leaf number per plant, total leaf area and plant height, six genetically divergent inbred lines of sunflower were subjected to half diallel crosses. Significant differences in mean values of all the traits were found in the F1 and F2 generations. Additive gene effects were more important in the inheritance of total leaf number per plant and plant height, while in the case of total leaf area per plant the nonadditive ones were more important looking at all the combinations in the F1 and F2 generations. The average degree of dominance (Hi/D)1/2 was lower than one for total leaf number per plant and plant height, so the mode of inheritance was partial dominance, while with total leaf area the value was higher than one, indicating super dominance as the mode of inheritance. Significant positive correlation was found: between total leaf area per plant and total leaf number per plant (0.285*) and plant height (0.278*). The results of the study are of importance for further sunflower breeding work.

scholarly journals Assessing Effect of Marker-Based Improvement of Maize Synthetics on Agronomic Performance, Carotenoid Content, Combining Ability and Heterosis

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1625
Author(s):  
Innocent Iseghohi ◽  
Ayodeji Abe ◽  
Silvestro Meseka ◽  
Wende Mengesha ◽  
Melaku Gedil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Β Carotene

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a serious problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and other parts of the world. Understanding the effect of marker-based improvement (MARS) of two maize synthetics (HGA and HGB) representing different heterotic groups on their agronomic performance, carotenoid content, and combining abilities could help identify suitable sources to develop divergent inbred lines for optimizing heterosis. This study involved three selection cycles each of the two synthetics and their nine varietal-cross hybrids together with a released check variety was conducted across four diverse locations in Nigeria in 2018 and 2019. Environment and hybrid effects were significant on grain yield and other agronomic traits as well as provitamin A content and other carotenoids. Genetic improvement per cycle of MARS in the parental synthetics was 15% for provitamin A, 25% for β-carotene and 26% for lutein in HGA and 4% for grain yield, 3% for zeaxanthin and 5% for α-carotene in HGB. Grain yield and agronomic traits of the two maize synthetics were controlled by additive and non-additive gene effects, while provitamin A content and other carotenoids were mainly controlled by additive gene effects. Some selection cycles which were high in grain yield and provitamin A content were identified as potential sources of new and divergent maize inbred lines in maize breeding programs. Some varietal-cross hybrids expressed significant mid-parent heterosis for grain yield and moderate mid-parent heterosis for provitamin A, β-carotene and xanthophylls. These hybrids could be commercialized at reasonable prices to small-scale farmers in rural areas that are most affected by vitamin A deficiency.

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