scholarly journals Promotion of Embryogenic Callus Induction of Pimpinella brachicarpa by Environmental Control

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 788E-789
Author(s):  
Hae Young Na* ◽  
Dong Jin Shin ◽  
Changhoo Chun
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

Pimpinella brachicarpa (Chamnamul in Korean) is an indigenous plant that grows in Korean mountain areas. It has not been cultivated yet but is gathered to use as a vegetable. Its difficulty of propagation by seeds is one of the major reasons not to be cultivated as a horticultural crop despite its demand. As a promising propagation method for the Chamnamul, we have developed a micropropagation system using somatic embryogenesis. In the present study, induction of embryogenic callus of the Chamnamul affected by part of explants (leaf and stem) and concentration (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg·L-1) of growth regulators (2.4-D, IAA, IBA, and NAA) was investigated to find the best conditions for embryogenic callus induction. A full strength of MS medium was used for a 50-day culture for all the treatments. The embryogenic callus was firm and light yellow in color and was distinct from the non-embryogenic callus that was friable and semitransparent. More embryogenic callus was induced in the treatments that the stem was used as an explant comparing with the treatments that the leaf was used. The 2.4-D treatments resulted in the better induction of embryogenic callus than other growth regulator treatments, and 1.5 mg·L-1 was the most effective among all the 2,4-D concentration treatments. Addition of 0.1 mg·L-1 BA to 2.4-D treatments retarded the induction of embryogenic callus of the Chamnamul, while the promotion of induction and multiplication of embryogenic callus was reported in many plant species by adding BA with low concentration to an auxin-base medium. The better induction was found in the treatments of darkness and dim lighting (10 μmol·m-2·s-1 of PPF) than in treatments of the higher PPF.

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants of onion

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyyakkannu Sivanesan ◽  
Kim E Kyoung ◽  
Kim M Kyoung ◽  
Ko E Young ◽  
Se W Park
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Zygotic Embryo ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

ABSTRACT: The study was undertaken to examine the effect of two synthetic auxins on somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from mature embryo explants of 16 onion cultivars. Cotyledons were removed from the embryos and remaining portions were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 5.0 mg/L picloram alone or in combination (1.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 2.5 mg/L picloram) to produce embryogenic callus. MS medium supplemented with 5.0 mg/L picloram was found to be the best one for both embryogenic callus induction (85%) and callus diameter (3.8 mm). Of the 16 cultivars studied, Yeoeuijuhwang exhibited the lowest frequency of embryogenic callus induction (50.5%), whereas all the other 15 cultivars showed more than 60% embryogenic callus induction. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) analysis of embryogenic callus showed all stages of somatic embryos such as globular, scuetellar and coleoptilar. Plant regeneration was significantly affected by the composition of embryogenic callus induction medium. The greatest frequency of somatic embryo conversion was obtained from embryogenic callus developed in MS medium with 2,4-D (70.1%) followed by picloram (38.9%) and 2,4-D + picloram (34.5%). The germinated plantlets were further developed on the half-strength MS medium containing 3% sucrose and were acclimatized in the culture room with 98% survival rate.

scholarly journals Potential Embryogenic Callus Induction Protocol Through Cell Suspension Culture For High Frequency Plant Regeneration Of Maspine Pineapple (Ananas comosus L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
M.F. Mohamad Bukhori ◽  
Norzulaani Khalid ◽  
Ch'ng Lou Ven
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

To explore the potential for embryogenic callus induction protocol through cell suspension culture forhigh frequency plant regeneration of Maspine pineapple (Ananas comosus L.), eight different culturemedia formulation were evaluated for their effects on the induction of somatic embryos from suckerexplants. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various media concentration(NAA, Dicamba and BAP, Picloram, Kinetin and NAA, 2,4-D, TDZ, and TDZ and BAP).Embryogenic callus induction percentage, color and texture of the callus were assessed after fivemonths of culture. The optimum medium for the proliferation of in vitro shoots from sucker explantswas MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L BAP. Meanwhile, the optimum medium for the inductionof fastest and high percentage of embryogenic callus growth from in vitro leaf-based was MS mediumsupplemented with Picloram. Results of mean comparison showed that 3 mg/L Picloram were moreeffective on explants than 10 mg/L. Results of the double staining method proved that somaticembryogenesis occurred in MS supplemented with 3 mg/L Picloram. Under microscopic observations,the globular-stage of the embryos were revealed in callus cells which is relatively suitable forsuspension cells inoculums, indicating that the tested PGR were significantly effective for somaticembryogenesis formation in this species. Most embryogenic callus from sucker explants wasyellowish-mucilaginous-wet-friable. The developed protocol potentially leads to the production ofembryogenic callus from sucker explants and plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis.

Embryogenic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Triticum tauschii, the Diploid D-Genome Donor for Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Afsharsterle ◽  
ECK Pang ◽  
JS Brown ◽  
JF Kollmorgen
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Triticum Tauschii ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Immature embryos of seven accessions of Triticum tauschii (Coss.) Schmal. were used to produce embryogenic callus suitable for initiation of suspension cultures. Several modifications of Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS) were evaluated for callus induction from scutellar tissues of embryos. Nodular, embryogenic calli were induced from all accessions when MS medium was supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and a mixture of L-glutamine, L-asparagine and L-proline. Early differentiation of these embryogenic calli was overcome by substituting Dicamba for 2,4-D. Addition of 575 mg L-1 of L-proline gave a rapid increase in the production of nodular embryogenic callus in most of the accessions. Using this protocol, the embryogenic capacity of this type of callus was maintained for more than a year following further modification of the MS medium. A clear genotype dependency as well as media effects on the production of callus were observed.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of induction of callusogenesis and morphogenesis in fennel depending on the age of seedlings

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
A. Sh. Tevfik ◽  
N. A. Yegorova
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Hypocotyl Explants ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Morphogenetic Potential ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction ◽  
Improved Methods

The influence of the age of seedlings (of which hypocotyl explants were isolated) and the composition of the culture medium on the callusogenesis and morphogenesis induction of fennel cultivars ‘Mertsishor’ and ‘Oksamit Kryma’ were studied. It was established that with the use of younger seedlings (7-day of age) callus induction began in a larger number of explants for a week of cultivation earlier compared to 14 and 21-day seedlings. The frequency of somatic embryogenesis in the callus obtained from 7-day seedling hypocotyl was almost twice higher than that of the callus from more mature seedling. It was revealed that the cultivar ‘Mertsishor’ had a higher morphogenetic potential compared to ‘Oksamit Kryma’. Improved methods of embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration can be used for obtaining the initial breeding material of fennel.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR ON THE INDUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MANGOSTEEN SOMATIC EMBRYOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yosi Zendra Joni ◽  
Riry Prihatini ◽  
Darda Efendi ◽  
Ika Roostika
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction

<p>Somatic embryogenesis is a technique for regenerating embryos derived from somatic cells of various plant species. This technique along with the utilization of plant growth regulator (PGR) might benefit for mass propagation and improvement of plant species through biotechnological tools. The study aimed to determine the effect of different plant growth regu-lators, namely 6-benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) on the embryogenic callus induction as well as casein hydrolysate and malt extract on the somatic embryo development of mangosteen. The explants used were in vitro young stems of mangosteen clone Leuwiliang. This study consisted of two experiments, namely induction of embryogenic callus and formation of somatic embryo. The first experiment was arranged as factorial in a completely randomized design with BA (0 and 0.7 mg l-1) as the first factor and TDZ (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg l-1) as the second factor. The second experiment consisted of four treatments, i.e. casein hydrolysate and malt extract at the rate of 500 and 1,000 mg l-1. The results showed that the best medium for embryogenic callus induction was MS supplemented with 0.1 mg l-1 TDZ, which resulted semifriable calli. Casein hydrolysate and malt extract could not induce the formation of somatic embryos. After two times subcultures on the same MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l-1 TDZ and 0.7 mg l-1 BA, a total of 33.8 somatic embryos per explant was induced. The successful somatic embryogenesis would support mangosteen breeding and in vitro mass propagation program.</p>

scholarly journals Embryogenic Callus Induction of Aquilaira Malaccensis Lam. and Aquilaria Subintegra Ding Hou

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5746-5751
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Aseptic Culture ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. and Aquilaria subintegra Ding Hou belong to the family of Thymelaeaceae which is commonly known as gaharu or agarwood. It is a commercially important tree and identified as a potential aromatic plant. The overwhelming responses in the lodging sector reduce gaharu species in the forest. Mass propagation through plant tissue culture technology will substitute this problem. The present study was conducted to investigate the embryogenic callus induction between these two species. The most optimum sterilization method for both species was sodium hypochlorite 5.0% which gave the highest percentage of aseptic culture (95%) with the absence of tissue browning. The leaves of both species were cultured on Murashige and Skoog, (1962) (MS) media supplemented with combination of various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/L) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and kept under dark condition. The explants produced embryogenic, white and compact callus at the end cut of the explants after two weeks of culture in all treatments. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation was observed in explants cultured on 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D for both species. From the present study, the optimum sterilization technique and embryogenic callus induction for A. malaccensis Lam. and A. subintegra were established.

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